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Biomedical subjects

J Wu

Publications and source records attributed to J Wu.

At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

[Detection of hepatitis C virus markers in colostrum].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the possibility of hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission through lactation by detection of HCV markers in colostrum. METHODS: Anti-HCV IgG, anti-HCV IgA and anti-HCV IgM antibodies in colostrum and sera were detected by indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and HCV RNA was tested by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction simultaneously. RESULTS: Among 35 samples of colostrum from puerperants with anti-HCV IgG-positive sera, anti-HCV IgA, anti-HCV IgG, and anti-HCV IgM were detected in 19, 6 and 1 samples respectively. Fourteen of the 35 sera samples were HCV RNA-positive, and only 2 of colostrum samples showed HCV RNA-positive. A significant difference (P < 0.01) was found between the HCV RNA positive rates of sera and colostrum. CONCLUSIONS: IgA was the predominant anti-HCV antibodies in the colostrum from puerperants with anti-HCV IgG-positive sera. The HCV RNA-positive rate of sera was markedly higher than that of colostrum. It is presumed that puerperants with anti-HCV IgG-positive sera, especially those with both anti-HCV IgA-positive and HCV RNA-positive colostrum, are most likely to transmit HCV through lactation and cause their infants to be infected by HCV.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[The effects of ethinyl estradiol on glucose metabolism in postmenopausal women].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of ethinyl estradiol on glucose metabolism in postmenopausal women. METHODS: Postmenopausal women were randomized as nine cases (group A) receiving 0.025 mg ethinyl estradiol (EE) and ten cases (group B) receiving EE 0.05 mg for three months. The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIGT) were performed before and after EE respectively. The levels of plasma glucose, insulin were measured and the area under curve (AUC) and insulin sensitivity indexes (SI) were calculated. RESULTS: Both two dosages of EE administration effectively decreased the levels of fasting plasma glucose and insulin and significantly reduced the AUC of insulin. SI was increased significantly. There were no significant differences in AUC of glucose before and after treatment in group A, but in group B the AUC of glucose significantly increased after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: EE may significantly reduce the levels of fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations and abate the insulin resistance in postmenopausal women; 0.05 mg EE possibly causes the deterioration in glucose tolerance, suggesting the use of 0.025 mg EE as an appropriate dosage.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1997

Autoantibodies and anti-interferon antibody in patients with chronic viral hepatitis and its clinical significance: a preliminary investigation.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the antoantibodies and anti-interferon antibody in chronic viral hepatitis patients treated with interferon and the relation of the antibodies to the curative effect of interferon. METHODS: Forty chronic viral hepatitis patients (twenty cases for hepatitis B; twenty patients for hepatitis C) were studied. Indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) was used to measure the autoantibodies. Enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was used to measure the anti-interferon total antibody. RESULTS: Compared with normal groups, the autoantibodies in patients increased significantly (P < 0.01), and the anti-interferon antibody in chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C patients had an obvious difference (P < 0.05). As for the curative effect, the presence or absence of autoantibodies did not have a distinct significance in patients treated with alpha-interferon, but the patients with anti-interferon antibody before or after therapy might have a different response to alpha-interferon. CONCLUSIONS: It was suggested that the presence of autoantibodies was not a contraindication to the use of interferon in patients with chronic viral hepatitis; the clinical significance of anti-interferon antibody should be further studied.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1997

[Computed tomography of the anterior ethmoid sinuses and its adjacent structures for endoscopic sinus surgery].

Forty adult cadavers were examined by computed tomography (CT) imaging with special attention to the pneumatization of the anterior ethmoid sinus for endoscopic sinus surgery. The study of the specimen was done using coronal section and axial section, sagittal reconstructed images were obtained from the data acquired in the axial plane. The cells of anterior ethmoid sinus were classified into four sub-groups, namely, the pre-infundibular cell (appearance rate 87.5%), the lateral infundibular cell (82.7%), the post-infundibular cell (86.3%) and the bulla cell (100.0%), and the anterior ethmoid sinus was classified into two types, namely, intraethmoid type (71.2%) and extraethmoid type (28.8%). The results shows that CT can display the sub-group and the type of the anterior ethmoid sinus and its adjacent structures clearly. The significance of endoscopic sinus surgery was discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Cross susceptibility of ototoxicity about aminoglycoside antibiotics].

A familial investigation was made in three families with deafness patients caused by aminoglycoside (AMI). The results showed that there was cross susceptibility among a few AMI antibiotics. The people with familial history of deafness caused by AMI were easier to be toxic than those without familial history, even though little dose of AMI for the former, especially for children. The cross susceptibility is dominated by inheritance of matriarchal heredity and by general chromosome. The data suggest that medical history should be inquired before treatment with AMI, and patients with matriarchal heredity must be prohibited from using AMI.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Intranasal endoscopic ethmoidectomy and the analysis of curative effect].

Forty cases of intranasal endoscopic ethmoidectomy were analyzed. In this series, 28 males and 12 females were included. Hard endoscopes with diameter of 4 mm, visual angle 30 and 70 were used. All patients were followed-up for 3 to 12 months. The surgical results were that twenty percent of patients were completely relieved of symptoms, 10% symptom-free with additional therapy, 40% improved without additional therapy, 20% improved with additional therapy, 10% no improvement and the total effective rate was 90%. No operative complications happened. Some factors affecting operative effects were discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Dynamic changes in cytokines in wound exudates from superficial II degree burns in rats].

We take rats as models to study the dynamic changes in cytokines in wound exudate at different time phases post-burn. 120 SD rats were divided into two groups: group 1 with subcutanous implantation of sponges only (S), and group 2 rats were inflicted 10% superficial II degrees burns of their total body surface immediatly after the implantation (Sb). The activities of IL-1, IL-6 and TNF alpha in wound exudates within sponges were measured at 6 h, 1 d, 3 d, 7 d, 10 d and 14 d after the injuries. The changes in activity of these cytokines in both groups showed somewhat the same type of fluctuations, i.e., temporarly ebb and flow in the early phases, and 72 hs later showing a steady increase. The activity of IL-6 reached the peak level in 6 hs while IL-1 and TNF alpha in 24 hs. Probably the early peak levels were produced by local cells responding to the injuries. At each peak level, there was an apparent difference between group S and group Sb (p < 0.01). In the early phases, the levels were S > Sb, and later, the reverse. In group S there was a positive correlation between IL-1 and IL-6, whereas in Sb only 6 h's exudate showed a weak positive correlation. We think the cause of the early differences was: 1. less number of cytokine secreting cells in Sb due to severer injury to local tissues, and 2. increased capillary permeability releasing cytokines from local tissues to the surroundings. The late differences suggest that repair was more complicated and time-consuming in Sb.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[Effects of cigarette smoke on allergic diseases].

Reactions were determined in 1,606 patients with allergic diseases by specific skin test in vivo, using cigarette smoke as allergen, to study its effects on the diseases. Relationship between positive skin reaction, kinds of allergic diseases, and age and sex of the patients was analyzed with multiple regression. Results showed that proportion of positive skin reaction accounted for 34.5 percent (with 556 cases), and positive skin reaction correlated with the occurrence of allergic diseases, but did not with the age, sex, length of the course of the patients and counts of peripheral white blood cell and eosinophil cell. Airway challenge test with acetylmethylcholine was conducted in 58 patients of bronchial asthma with positive skin reaction. Their forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) after provocation were lower than those before it. Serum levels of total IgE were determined with ELISA in 223 cases (184 cases with bronchial asthma, 87 allergic rhinitis, and 52 allergic skin diseases) with positive skin reaction, and their serum total IgE level was significantly increased, as compared with the controls.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Studies on bone density in healthy girls during their period of growth spurt].

Bone mass in 69 healthy girls in their period of growth spurt was measured twice, with an interval of one year, by dual energy X-ray bone densitometer to study the relationship between changes in bone density and the speed of height growth, development of secondary sex characteristics and nutritional status. Results showed that bone density in the different sites in the period of growth spurt increased significantly with their age, but with difference in the magnitude of its increase and in the time. Their nutritional status (overweight or underweight) correlated closely with sex development and increase in bone density. It suggests that it is necessary to strengthen nutrient intake during their puberty for preventing from osteoporosis. In addition, early puberty is an important period for the increase in female bone density, as a result of comparison of bone mass between prepuberty girls and young women. The results in this study can provide reference for further studies on bone mass in girls during their puberty.

Bone Density↗
PubMed1997

[Changes in contents of chromium, zinc and copper in the blood, liver and kidney of diabetic rats].

Contents of chromium, zinc and copper in the blood (or serum), liver and kidney of diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin were determined for three weeks by graphite stove and flame atom absorption spectrophotometry to study the changes in trace elements in diabetics. Results showed liver chromium level increased significantly and kidney chromium level lowered significantly in diabetic rats, as compared with normal ones. Zinc and copper in liver and kidney and serum copper also increased to various extent during three-week observation period. No changes in chromium, zinc and copper levels in blood (or serum), liver and kidney, with the course of the disease, were observed. But, contents of trace elements in rats correlated with their blood sugar levels closely, and chromium, zinc and copper contents in the liver correlated with those in the kidney directly, and with chromium content in the kidney inversely. Therefore, improvement of blood sugar level in diabetic rats may, to a certain extent, improve the disturbance of trace elements in the body.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[An overview on research and application of intelligent materials in modern medicine].

The research on intelligent materials is a new advanced technology, which is much interested by many scientists and engineers in recent years. Some research results have been achieved and used in aeronautics, mecahanics, civil engineering, medicine and other associated fields. In this paper, we present the properties, functions and status of intelligent materials in modern medicine.

Biomedical Engineering↗
PubMed1997

[Reconstruction of cervical stability following old facet dislocation of cervical spine].

A total of 12 cases of old facet dislocations of cervical spine treated between december 1988 and 1993 were analyzed in order to evaluate the efficacy of various surgical modalities. In this series, there were 8 males and 4 females, with ages ranged from 16 to 50 years old (averaged 37.8 years old). The duration from injury to admission to our hospital was ranged from 1 to 8 months (averaged 3.7 months). Dislocation levels were as follows: C3,4 in 1 case, C4,5 in 4 cases, C5,6 in 4 cases and C6,7 in 3 cases. Unilateral facet dislocation was in 7 cases and bilateral facet dislocation in 5 cases. Neurological status on admission was as follows: spinal cord and nerve root lesion in 5 cases, nerve root lesion alone in 5 cases and neurologically intact in 2 cases. Besides all facets receiving facetectomy and iliac bone graft, other four kinds of adjuvant treatments were used, including internal fixation by stainless wires laminae or spinous processes in 4 cases, Luque rod in 1 cases, anterior fibrolysis combined with posterior laminoplasty in 1 cases and sustained skull traction without internal fixation in 6 cases. The reduction efficacy from postoperative stustained skull traction was better and the stainless wires fixation ranked the next. The patients only suffering from the nerve root lesion recovered better, but those who had spinal cord combined with nerve root lesion recovered badly. In conclusion, for the treatment of old facet dislocation, it is necessary to resect the facet and graft with iliac bone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Manufacture and application of a new composite allograft].

It is in urgent need clinically to look for an ideal substance for the coverage of burn wounds owing to shortage of autografts or allografts. After the cadaveric skin was extracted with acetic acid, salted out with NaCl and freeze-dried to prepare a porous collagen membrane. The membrane was seeded with allo-epidermal cells and allo-fibroblasts on its two sides, respectively, and then was cultured to achieve an artificial composite allograft. The artificial composite allograft was then transplanted onto ten severly burned wounds. One-year follow-up showed satisfactory results and the histological examination confirmed that the composite allograft could improve the adherence and growth of the epidermal cells and was helpful for blood vessels and healing of non-inflammatory connective tissues in the wounds.

Burns↗
PubMed1997

[The value of detecting CVB-IgM antibodies in diagnosing viral myocarditis of children].

By using the indirect immunofluorescence assay and the tissue cells infected with coxackie virus Group B as antigen, the authors detected the antibodies type IgM to coxsackie virus Group B (CVB-IgM) of the sera of 105 children with viral myocarditis (VMC), 59 children with other diseases (COD) and 67 healthy children (HC). The results showed that in VMC, the genometric mean titre (GMT) of CVB-IgM in female (1:16.58) was higher than that in male (1:9.28, P < 0.05); not only in female, but also in male the GMT of VMC was higher than that of HC; also the GMT in female of VMC was higher than the GMT in female of COD, but no considerable difference existed between male of VMC and COD. Without sex distinction the GMT of HC was 0.289, its standard variance was 0.9335, the upper limit titre of normal range was 1:8.6. The authors took 1:10 as the positive criterion, the sensitivity of CVB-IgM in diagnosing VMC was 79.05%, the specialities of differentiating VMC from COD and HC were 42.3% and 91.04%, the consistancy rates of diagnosing VMC from COD and HC were 65.85% and 83.72% respectively.

Antibodies, Viral↗