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Biomedical subjects

J Wootton

Publications and source records attributed to J Wootton.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Use of complementary medicine by adult patients participating in cancer clinical trials.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To document the prevalence, demographic correlates, patterns of use, and beliefs about complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies of adult patients enrolled in National Cancer Institute (NCI) clinical trials. DESIGN: Prospective, cross-sectional, descriptive survey. SETTING: W.G. Magnuson Clinical Center of the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, MD. SAMPLE: Convenience sample of 100 English-speaking, adult patients with cancer admitted to intramural clinical trials. METHODS: A standardized, 99-item questionnaire assessing use of CAM therapies pre- and postcancer diagnosis was administered by face-to-face interview. MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES: Use of CAM therapies, beliefs, communication with physician. FINDINGS: 63% used at least one CAM therapy, with an average use of two therapies per patient. Men were significantly less likely to use a therapy than women; women were more likely to use numerous therapies. Cancer diagnosis seems to have had no influence overall on the frequency of use of CAM therapies. The major reasons stated for CAM use were for treatment-related medical conditions as well as depression, anxiety, and insomnia. The most frequently reported therapies were spiritual, relaxation, imagery, exercise, lifestyle diet (e.g., macrobiotic, vegetarian), and nutritional supplementation. Patients unanimously believed that these complementary therapies helped to improve their quality of life through more effective coping with stress, decreasing the discomforts of treatment and illness, and giving them a sense of control. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with cancer use various complementary therapies to cope with their disease and the rigors of clinical trials. Women and those with higher educational backgrounds were more frequent users. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Nurses who provide care to subjects of biomedical research have an opportunity and responsibility regarding their patients' use of CAM therapies. Nurses may use in-house resources to help evaluate subjects' use of a CAM modality or to provide quality-of-life therapies such as relaxation, imagery, or healing touch. Discussing these health practices in a nonjudgmental manner adds to the assessment of patients' coping skills and ability to make decisions about their health care.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1990

Nucleotide sequence, organisation and structural analysis of the products of genes in the nirB-cysG region of the Escherichia coli K-12 chromosome.

The DNA sequence and derived amino-acid sequence of a 5618-base region in the 74-min area of the Escherichia coli chromosome has been determined in order to locate the structural gene, nirB, for the NADH-dependent nitrite reductase and a gene, cysG, required for the synthesis of the sirohaem prosthetic group. Three additional open reading frames, nirD, nirE and nirC, were found between nirB and cysG. Potential binding sites on the NirB protein for NADH and FAD, as well as conserved central core and interface domains, were deduced by comparing the derived amino-acid sequence with those of database proteins. A directly repeated sequence, which includes the motif -Cys-Xaa-Xaa-Cys-, is suggested as the binding site for either one [4Fe-4S] or two [2Fe-2S] clusters. The nirD gene potentially encodes a soluble, cytoplasmic protein of unknown function. No significant similarities were found between the derived amino-acid sequence of NirD and either NirB or any other protein in the database. If the nirE open reading frame is translated, it would encode a 33-amino-acid peptide of unknown function which includes 8 phenylalanyl residues. The product of the nirC gene is a highly hydrophobic protein with regions of amino-acid sequence similar to cytochrome oxidase polypeptide 1.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1986

Sequence and domain relationships of ntrC and nifA from Klebsiella pneumoniae: homologies to other regulatory proteins.

We have determined the nucleotide sequences of two genes from Klebsiella pneumoniae, nifA, the nif-specific activator of transcription and ntrC, the bifunctional regulatory protein involved in 'nitrogen control'. These sequences differ significantly from those previously published. In particular, nifA extends 40 codons beyond the stop codon reported earlier. This extension encodes a putative DNA-binding domain strongly homologous to the Rhizobium meliloti nifA protein and to some extent to the ntrC protein. In all three proteins this domain is linked by a segment of variable length to a strongly conserved central domain of 240 residues. A short segment having the properties of an interdomain linker joins the central region to an N-terminal domain, which is weakly related in the case of the two nifA proteins. This homology is not shared by the N-terminal domain of ntrC, which is clearly but unexpectedly related to the N-terminal domains of a diverse set of procaryotic pleiotropic control proteins, including ompR, dye and nusA from Escherichia coli and spoOA and spoOF from Bacillus subtilis.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1986

Propranolol treatment of assaultive patients with organic brain disease. A double-blind crossover, placebo-controlled study.

A double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study was conducted to examine the effects of long-acting propranolol in the treatment of violent behavior associated with organic brain disease in 10 patients whose symptoms had proved refractory to various conventional medications. Long-acting propranolol treatment was associated with reductions of assaultive behavior without apparent sedative effects. Cautions are noted regarding potential undesirable side effects which may necessitate careful patient monitoring during treatment.

Adult↗