In the human nasal mucus several enzymes of the intermediary metabolism are present. Due to secreted albumin the enzyme-levels are determined in different diseases of the upper respiratory tract. It is possible to differentiate viral rhinitis from bacterial or allergic or atrophic rhinitis by a significant increase of the activities of GOT, LDH and CPK.

Acid Phosphatase↗

PubMed1971

Interconversion and kinetic properties of pyruvate dehydrogenase from brain.

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Adenosine Triphosphate↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Toxic effects of cyclophosphamide and methylnitrosourea in Japanese quail embryos depend on the route of administration.

We studied the toxic effects of cyclophosphamide and methyl-N-nitrosourea in cultured quail embryos when injected into the albumen and the subembryonic liquid, respectively. The data indicate that both agents display a greater toxicity when given into the subembryonic liquid instead of the albumen. This differential toxicity was demonstrated by means of the survival rate, developmental parameters like growth rate and developmental stages, and excreted nucleosides and uric acid. It is reasonable to assume that the lesser toxicity in the albumen is mainly due to the lower concentration reaching the embryo after the dilution of the agent in this compartment. On the basis of the results obtained in these experiments, the cultured avian embryo represents an especially suitable experimental system to study the changes in metabolism induced by toxic agents. This is due to the easy access to the subembryonic compartment and the easy sampling of allantoic liquid under these conditions.

Allantois↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Development of a mathematical model for simulation of artificial ventilation].

This article describes a mathematical model for the simulation of artificial ventilation employing only the figures for air pressure and air flow between respirator and lungs. A discussion of methodological aspects of the problem shows that the model of the respiratory system can be reduced to an equivalent circuit diagram comprising only resistances and capacitances. The structure of the mathematical model is oriented to the elements of the real respiratory system, and its modularity permits ready adaptation to a variety of real-life situations. Particular emphasis was placed on the correct parametrization of the model with the aid of data originally collected from physical experiments. Finally, some selected model runs that demonstrate the range of validity and the accuracy of the model are presented.

Airway Resistance↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Interaction of rumen development and renal gluconeogenesis in lambs.

Renal gluconeogenesis of equal aged lambs with different states of rumen development was studied. Going from preruminantto ruminant stage, the rate of glucose formation from several precursors increased. Concomitantly urine pH shifted from acid to base state. Obviously, an enhanced secretion of H+ in lambs kidney during rumen development does not stimulate renal gluconeogenesis. Furthermore, there is no indication from our data that renal gluconeogenesis in lambs is inversely related to the activity of the sodium pump.

Aging↗