Induced respiratory acidosis for perfusion hypothermia with venous blood.
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Acidosis, Respiratory↗
Biomedical subjects
J Winkler
Publications and source records attributed to J Winkler.
The ultrastructure of chicken gizzard vinculin as visualized by high-resolution electron microscopy.
We have used high-resolution electron spectroscopic imaging to study the ultrastructure of negatively stained chicken gizzard vinculin. A careful examination of uranium salt-stained molecules revealed a high versatility of the overall shape of vinculin, for which an element of high flexibility is mainly responsible. This neck region links the vinculin head, probably consisting of the biochemically defined 90-kDa N-terminal fragment, to the rod-like tail. The hinge allows for sharp kinks in the molecule, so that head and tail structures can contact each other. By electron spectroscopic imaging, we were able to reveal substructural components in both head and tail regions. The head resembles a cloverleaf-like structure, consisting of three globular centers of mass, surrounding a protein-deficient center in a planar arrangement and of a short, stem-like fragment. The tail contains four spherical protein masses arranged like pearls on a string. Our data reveal a substructural organization of vinculin which is consistent with its presumed function as a structural component of microfilament attachment sites and support the concept of cryptic ligand-binding domains, previously based on biochemical evidence.
Actin Cytoskeleton↗
Lack of long-term effects after beta-amyloid protein injections in rat brain.
Rat beta(1-42) peptide (beta/A4) or phosphate buffered saline (PBS) was bilaterally injected into the hippocampus (HIP) or the lateral ventricle (ICV) of 3-month-old Fischer-344 rats. Fifteen months later, the animal's ability to learn a spatial memory task was tested using the Morris water maze. Acquisition of the task was impaired by the bilateral injection of either peptide or PBS into the hippocampus. Hippocampal-injected animals showed an increased average latency to find the platform by approximately 6 s (p < 0.05). However, injection of rat beta-peptide into the hippocampus or lateral ventricles failed to induce behavioral impairment when compared to vehicle injected controls. Retention of this task was not significantly impaired in any group. The spatial acuity test, a trial without the platform, revealed that both groups of animals that received hippocampal injections were impaired, spending 23% less time in the target quadrant compared to ICV-injected animals (p < 0.005). Hippocampal ChAT activity was decreased in beta/A4-injected animals but not significantly (p < 0.06). beta/A4-immunoreactivity was detected at the bottom of the needle track and the adjacent parenchyma of beta/A4 hippocampal-injected animals after 16 months. However, long-term in vivo deposition of beta/A4 in both regions did not result in an upregulation of hippocampal amyloid precursor protein (APP) expression and there was no qualitative neuronal loss in the hippocampus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Aging↗
Prevalence of microalbuminuria in maturity onset primarily non-insulin-requiring diabetes mellitus: effect of disease duration, glycemic control, and mean systemic blood pressure.
Because of the frequency of late cardiovascular complications in maturity onset non-insulin-dependent (Type II) diabetes mellitus, there have been few studies regarding nephropathy in this patient population. The authors have analyzed the prevalence of microalbuminuria and the nature of clinical manifestations associated with elevated albumin excretion rate (AER) in a large population presenting with Type II diabetes. Among 318 patients studied during 1986, pathologically elevated 24 h AERs were found in 59%. The rate of microalbuminuria among 205 Type I diabetic patients screened during the same interval was 43%. AER was found to be positively correlated with duration of disease (p less than 0.0008) and metabolic control as determined by measurement of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (p less than 0.002). There was only a modest agreement between AER and mean systemic blood pressure. The high prevalence of microalbuminuria in Type II diabetic patients and its known association with increased mortality emphasize the need for long-term follow up studies in order to clarify whether elevated AER in this patient population is predictive for overt diabetic nephropathy.
Adult↗
The emergency contraception collaborative prescribing experience in Washington State.
OBJECTIVE: To describe how prescribers and pharmacists view the Emergency Contraceptive Pills (ECP) program, and to evaluate pharmacists' performance through the use of a consumer survey. DESIGN: Self-administered provider satisfaction surveys were mailed 6 months after the program's inception. Consumer satisfaction surveys were distributed at the point of ECP service for return by mail. SETTING: The program encouraged pharmacists and prescribers in western Washington to enter into collaborative prescribing agreements, increasing consumers' access to ECP. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS: Pharmacists who had attended ECP training sessions, prescribers who had authorized pharmacists to prescribe ECP, and women who had been prescribed ECP by pharmacists. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Providers' reasons for participating, attitudes toward the ECP program, and experiences with ECP as a result of the program; feedback from women receiving ECP from pharmacists. RESULTS: 309 pharmacist surveys and 55 prescriber surveys were sent, of which 159 (51%) and 27 (49%), respectively, were returned. Meeting patient needs and having a professional responsibility to participate were commonly reported reasons for ECP program involvement. Both pharmacists and prescribers (92%) reported being "satisfied" or "very satisfied" with their prescribing agreements. On the 470 consumer surveys returned out of 7,000 distributed (6.5%), pharmacists were rated highly satisfactory for their interactions with patients and the quality of information about ECP use given, but less satisfactory for information about adverse effects, recognition and follow-up of ECP failure, and regular contraceptive methods. CONCLUSION: All participants expressed satisfaction with the ECP program. This example should support the initiation of similar programs in other states.
Adult↗
Development of a patient classification system for burn units--a case study.
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Burn Units↗
Pulmonary nocardiosis with cutaneous involvement mimicking a metastasizing lung carcinoma in a patient with chronic myelogenous leukaemia.
We report a unique case of a man suffering from chronic myelogenous leukaemia who presented with clinical symptoms, X-ray, and bronchoscopical findings consistant with a bronchopulmonary space-occupying process which was suspected to be a central lung carcinoma as a secondary de novo malignancy. In addition, the patient developed several subcutaneous nodular livid red lesions on the left forearm which were considered to be cutaneous metastases of the presumptive lung malignancy. Treatment was started with percutaneous radiation of the mediastinum over a period of ten days with a total dose of 25 Gray. The patient died from circulatory and respiratory failure. Only post mortem pathological examination was indicative of a nocardiosis of the lungs with haematological spread to eosophagus, pleura, and subcutaneous skin of the left forearm. Unfortunately, diagnosis of nocardiosis could not finally proven by culture or molecular biological methods. A lung carcinoma or an infiltrate of residual or relapsing chronic myelogenous leukemia in the lung could be definitely ruled out.
Diagnosis, Differential↗
First experimental and clinical results with transscleral optical coherence tomography.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the potentials of optical coherence tomagraphy (OCT) using long wavelength to penetrate highly scattering tissues of the eye and visualize the anterior chamber angle and the ciliary body. METHODS: OCT images were generated by an experimental prototype in enucleated porcine eyes using as light source a superluminiscent diode with a wavelength of 1310 nm and a scan frequency of 60 Hz. The number of lateral scans was variable in a range from 100 to 400. RESULTS: Infrared OCT was able to penetrate the sclera. The anterior chamber angle could be visualized completely and the ciliary body could be identified. However, it was not possible to penetrate the highly reflective iris pigment epithelium. CONCLUSION: The use of infrared OCT allows penetration of the sclera, thus, providing complete visualization of the anterior chamber angle and limited demonstration of the ciliary body. Because of its higher resolution, it may represent an interesting noninvasive alternative to ultrasound biomicroscopy.
Animals↗
A test hierarchy for anti-bronchoconstrictory lipoxygenase inhibitors: in vitro and in vivo experimental tests.
A test hierarchy for potential antiasthmatic lipoxygenase inhibitors was developed which includes besides molecular and cellular test systems, the arachidonic acid-(AA)-induced contraction of lung strips and ovalbumin-induced bronchoconstriction of sensitized guinea pigs. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid, butylated hydroxyanisole, benoxaprofen, BW 755C, salicylhydroxamic acid, FLM 5011 and other substances inhibit to a different extent the AA-induced contraction of lung strips and show anti-bronchoconstrictory activities in the ovalbumin-sensitized guinea pig.
Animals↗
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) expression in early embryogenesis: a study of the first trimester of gestation.
The immunohistological CEA positivity was studied in 711 tissue samples derived from the ecto-, meso- and entoderm of 63 embryos obtained during the first 12 weeks of gestation. It was found that CEA was expressed by derivates of all three germ layers, although the strongest reactions and the highest incidence of positivity was found in organs derived from the entoderm. In the 7th week of gestation the antigen was first seen in mesodermal and entodermal tissues; only after the 8th week the first appearance of CEA was noted, though only in 2/9 ectodermal organs examined. It therefore seems that the initially described high preponderance of CEA positivity of entodermal organs, previously observed for later stages of gestation, can be confirmed. However, not only are exceptions seen in organs of this germ layer, but CEA can also be expressed in tissues of the two other germ layers early in ontogenesis.
Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
[Effect of treatment and treatment results in asthma in Bad Salzungen].
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Adult↗