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Biomedical subjects

J Wilk

Publications and source records attributed to J Wilk.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Na+/K(+)-ATPase activity and its alpha II subunit gene expression in rat skeletal muscle: influence of diabetes, fasting, and refeeding.

We have examined the effects of diabetes, fasting, and refeeding on Na+/K(+)-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity and its catalytic alpha II subunit gene expression in skeletal muscle. Two hypoinsulinemic states, streptozotocin-induced diabetes and 48-hour fasting caused a significant decrease (P less than .05) in skeletal muscle Na+/K(+)-ATPase activity and a marked increase (P less than .01) in the levels of alpha II subunit mRNA. A decrease in enzyme activity was observed on the 2nd and the 14th day of diabetes, whereas an increase in alpha II mRNA levels was found only on the 14th day. The levels of alpha I mRNA were not affected, while the levels of mRNA of the structural beta subunit were decreased on the 14th day of diabetes. Correction of hyperglycemia with insulin restored enzyme activity and alpha II isoform mRNA levels toward normal in diabetic animals. Refeeding for 48 or 72 hours restored these parameters to normal in skeletal muscle of previously fasting rats. These observations suggest that a decrease in muscle Na+/K(+)-ATPase activity may lead to a compensatory increase in its alpha II subunit gene expression. The levels of insulin and not of glycemia appear to be critical in modulating Na+/K(+)-ATPase activity and gene expression.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Oxygen toxicity in normal and anoxic ventilated perfused canine lungs.

Oxygen toxicity was studied in 26 canine isolated, perfused lung lobes which included nine control lobes, 13 lungs ventilated with FIO2 1.0 for 4 hours, and four lobes ventilated with FIN2 1.0 for 1 hour prior to 4 hours of FIO2 1.0 to evaluate the postulated protective effect of anoxia. A significant increase in wet weight was seen in the O2 ventilated lungs which did not alter pulmonary capillary isogravimetric pressure (PCI), alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient, or pulmonary vascular resistance. In contrast, preliminary N2 ventilation resulted in a significant increase in PCI and greater weight gain while pulmonary vascular resistance was reduced. Pulmonary compliance was reduced minimally in all groups. Anoxic ventilation not only failed to protect the isolated canine lung from presumed increased capillary permeability of oxygen toxicity, but seemed to contribute to the formation of interstitial pulmonary edema.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Clinical experience with the Kim-Ray Greenfield vena caval filter.

Over a four year period in two institutions, 85 Kim-Ray Greenfield vena caval filters were inserted in 76 patients who have been followed for a minimum of 6 to 53 months. The most frequent indication for placement was pulmonary embolism during anticoagulant therapy. Both femoral and jugular routes were used for transvenous insertion, and fewer complications were associated with the jugular approach. Surgical mortality within two weeks of operation occurred in three patients (4%), none from recurrent embolism. Late complications included recurrent thrombophlebitis in 7% and persistent extremity edema in 12% of patients. Two patients developed recurrent embolism (2.6%) which also was seen in 2 patients after clips were placed on the vena cava above the filter after misplacement. Venacavagrams in 31 patients an average of 11 months postoperative showed patency in 30 (97%) and lysis of trapped thrombi in four patients. No episodes of migration have occurred and the filter offers the advantages of sustained patency and effective filtration without vena caval occlusion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

The rubber circle: a technique for analyzing computed tomography scans.

The authors describe a technique for automated analysis of lesions demonstrated by computed tomography. A seed circle may be superimposed on a lesion by an operator controlled program. By selecting density limits, the program will then automatically outline a particular area of abnormal density and calculate the statistics of the pixels within that area. The information may be viewed on the computer terminal or recorded on the printer. The system may be superimposed on first generation EMI scanners without additional hardware. The time for obtaining the information roughly approximates that of systems employing manually operated cursors.

Computers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hep-G2 glucose transporter gene polymorphism in Caucasian, black, Hispanic and Japanese patients with NIDDM.

DNA from non-diabetic Caucasians (n = 16), Blacks (n = 22), Hispanics (n = 13) and Japanese (n = 21), as well as DNA from 34 Caucasian, 19 Black, 19 Hispanic and 20 Japanese non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients were examined for restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) after digestion with enzymes BglII and XbaI, and hybridization with the glucose transporter probe, hGT2-2. There were significant differences in the incidence of the RFLPs between Caucasians and Blacks, both controls and patients with NIDDM. Digestion with XbaI revealed a higher incidence of the homozygotic state for allele I in NIDDM Caucasians (12 vs. 0%) than in controls. In NIDDM Blacks and Hispanics, we found a high incidence of a combination of two traits: 42% of the Black and 47% of the Hispanic NIDDM patients were homozygous for the BglII allele I and heterozygous for XbaI. Only 23% of non-NIDDM Blacks or Hispanics had this combination (P less than 0.05). There was no association between RFLP frequency and NIDDM among Japanese subjects. These data support the influence of race on both BglII and XbaI RFLPs. The homozygotes for XbaI in Caucasians and the presence of two specific traits in Blacks and Hispanics appear with higher frequency in NIDDM.

Asian People↗