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Biomedical subjects

J Wiley

Publications and source records attributed to J Wiley.

64 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Chronic cerebellar stimulation in cerebral palsy.

This report summarizes the experience with chronic cerebellar stimulation in cerebral palsy patients at the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario. From July, 1977, to September, 1978, 12 patients suffering from cerebral palsy underwent cerebellar implant for chronic cerebellar stimulation. Postoperative evaluation was made approximately 1 week, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after surgery by a group of specialists using speech, respiration, muscle tone, involuntary movements, salivation, and activities of daily living as parameters, and these findings were compared with the findings prior to surgery. Chronic cerebellar stimulation did not noticeably alleviate symptoms and signs of cerebral palsy nor did it improve activities of daily living in a significant number of patients.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1981

Molecular stability of Hb Philly (alpha 2 beta 2 35(Cl) Tyr leads to Phe). Rhe relationship of hemoglobin stability to ligand state as defined by heat and mechanical shaking tests.

The molecular stability of Hb Philly (alpha 2 beta 2 35(Cl) Tyr leads to Phe) with different ligand states was compared with that of Hb A and Hb S using mechanical shaking and heat stability tests. The rates of mechanical denaturation of the oxy-forms of these hemoglobins decreased in the order of Hb S, Hb Philly, and Hb A, with relative ratios of 9.5: 5.6: 1.0. Upon oxidation to the met-forms, Hb Philly became mechanically most unstable, with ratios of 13.3: 23.0: 1.8, respectively. The deoxy-forms, of Hb A and Hb S were very stable, while that of Hb Philly was as unstable as the oxy-form. The addition of inositol hexaphosphate (IHP) to deoxy-Hb Philly stabilized the molecules. Since IHP restores the cooperative oxygen binding of Hp Philly, deoxy-Hb Philly appears to combine with IHP to change the quaternary structure required for cooperative oxygen binding and for stabilization of the molecule.

Drug Stability↗
PubMed1976

Effect of dietary control and exercise training on daily food intake and serum lipids in postmyocardial infarction patients.

The effects of 12 weeks of exercise training without dietary control (n = 30) and exercise training with dietary control by dietition counseling (n = 30) and exercise training with dietary control by dietition counseling (n = 30) on serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides, and total substrate contents were studied in 60 postmyocardial infarction patients. Both groups showed reductions (P less than 0.01) in mean total daily kilocalories consumed (2867 +/- 82 versus 2088 +/- 77 and 2848 +/- 15 versus 1285 +/- 68, respectively); however, no significant change occurred in total body weight. The dietary control group consumed relatively more kilocalories as protein than the group without dietary control (285 of 1,285 versus 389 of 2,088, respectively) and less (P less than 0.05) as fat (443 of 1285 versus 804 of 2,089, respectively). Both groups had lower (P less than 0.01) mean daily dietary cholesterol after 12 weeks (811 +/- 44 versus 232 +/- 17 mg) versus (325 +/- 18 versus 309 +/- 23 mg, respectively). A reduction in serum cholesterol (P less than 0.05) was seen in the dietary control group (270 +/- 8 versus 243 +/- 7 mg/dl) but not in the group without dietary control (260 +/- 6 versus 261 +/- 7 mg/dl). The dietary control group had a lower mean triglyceride level (P less than 0.05) (229 +/- 24 versus 155 +/- 18 mg/dl)) but no differences were seen in the group without dietary control (189 +/- 15 versus 180 +/- 13 mg/dl). It is concluded that significant reductions in caloric intake and daily cholesterol compliment the effects of exercise training in postmyocardial infarction patients by increasing substrate protein:fat consumption ratio and by reducing serum cholesterol and triglycerides. These effects are not seen with exercise training alone.

Cholesterol↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Subacute hematogenous osteomyelitis: are biopsy and surgery always indicated?

Forty-four consecutive cases of subacute osteomyelitis admitted at our institution over a 12-year period were retrospectively reviewed to assess the effectiveness of conservative versus surgical treatment of this condition and to determine the indications for open biopsy and surgical debridement. Twenty-four cases were treated with antibiotics only, and 20 had surgical debridement followed by antibiotics. Except for one case that received inadequate antibiotic therapy, all patients responded well to this treatment, whether conservative or surgical. At an average follow-up of 18 months, there were no recurrences. Our results also showed that with a careful radiologic assessment of these cases, most lesions showed characteristic benign radiologic features. We can therefore conclude that conservative management of cases of subacute osteomyelitis is as effective as surgical treatment. We believe that conservative treatment with antibiotics should be the first line of management in most of these cases and that open biopsy or surgical debridement or both should be reserved for cases that do not respond to antibiotics or show aggressive radiologic features.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Early experience with the contraceptive use of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate in an inner-city clinic population.

There are few data on the experience of American women with the injectable depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) since its recent approval by the Food and Drug Administration for contraceptive use in the United States. An exploratory study was conducted using chart reviews and telephone interviews of 261 women who initiated DMPA use between December 1992 and June 1994 at either a hospital-based (48%) or community-based (49%) clinic in New York City. Most DMPA users were single (70%), had had at least one birth (88%), had had at least one abortion (67%) and had ever practiced contraception (75% of those with available data). Life-table DMPA continuation rates were 63% at six months and 42% at 12 months and were not affected by the users' age, marital status, pregnancy history, clinic site or proximity of residence to the clinic. Among adults, the risk of DMPA discontinuation was highest during the three-month period following the second injection, while among adolescents, this risk increased throughout the duration of use. The most commonly reported reasons for method discontinuation were side effects, primarily menstrual irregularities (30%) and weight gain (24%).

Adolescent↗