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Biomedical subjects

J Watanabe

Publications and source records attributed to J Watanabe.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Clinical application of third generation extracorporeal shock wave lithotriptor (TRIPTER X-1) to upper urinary tract stones].

Clinical trials of the third generation extracorporeal shock wave lithotriptor (TRIPTER X-1) on 30 patients with upper urinary tract calculi were performed from May to July, 1988. Eighteen patients (60%) were free from stones and 5 (16.7%) had stone fragments less than 5 mm, the effective rate of treatment which is sum of both group being 76.7 per cent, at one month after the treatment. The effective rate was 72.7 per cent for stones in the kidney and 87.5 per cent for those in the upper ureter. And the effective rate as to stone size was 100, 66.7 and 71.4 per cent, in stones less than 1 cm, 1 cm to less than 2 cm and 2 to 2.5 cm, respectively. Although gross hematuria skin ecchymosis, pain and fever were observed as side effects, none was serious enough to be mentioned. And post operative changes in blood chemistry were mild and transient. We confirmed extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy using this machine for upper urinary tract stones is an effective treatment without any serious side effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Sequential combination chemotherapy consisting of vincristine, peplomycin, methotrexate, cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) and adriamycin in urothelial cancer].

The VPM-CisA (vincristine (VCR), peplomycin (PLM), methotrexate (MTX), cisplatin (CDDP) and doxorubicin (ADM), regimen was used to treat 33 patients with urothelial tract tumors. Twenty-two patients had bi-dimensionally measurable disease parameters and 11 patients with locally advanced tumors were given postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. The protocol consisted of 0.6 mg/m2 VCR on days 1 and 3, 3 mg/m2 PLM on days 1 to 4, 3 mg/m2 MTX on days 2 and 4, 35 mg/m2 CDDP on day 4, and 20 mg/m2 ADM on day 5. These doses were adjusted for each case: the above mentioned dose x [(80/(40+Age]2 +[(Karnofsky's performance status/100)2]. Of these patients, 28 (86 percent) were treated adequately, including 8 (36 per cent) who achieved a complete (2) or partial (6) remission. The mean duration of survival was 65.2 weeks for complete and partial responders, and 48.8 weeks for non-responders, which was not a statistically significant difference. Of 11, who were given post-operative adjuvant chemotherapy (mean observation period: 83.5 weeks) 9 were alive without evidence of disease, 1 had a recurrence 8 months after first chemotherapy, 1 died due to pulmonary and liver metastasis 2 years after the chemotherapy. Toxicity included mild myelosupression, moderate anorexia, vomiting, and severe gastric ulcer, pulmonary fibrosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[A case of acute retinal necrosis syndrome caused by herpes simplex virus type 1].

A case of bilateral acute retinal necrosis syndrome accompanied by viral meningitis in a 46 year-old male is reported. The characteristic scattered yellowish-white retinal exudates and retinal detachment appeared in both eyes within 2 weeks, and after treatment with intravenous acyclovir and gamma-globulin, and encircling, scleral buckling, pars plana vitrectomy, 100% SF6 tamponade procedures, the retinal detachment was repaired and the yellowish-white retinal exudates disappeared. On virological examination, the complement fixation titer for herpes simplex virus (HSV) in serum increased more than eightfold in pair serum, and the quotient of antibody for HSV type 1 (HSV-1) IgG was high. HSV-1 was isolated and cultured from the subretinal fluid. From these results, it is concluded that HSV-1 infection was the cause of the meningitis and acute retinal necrosis in this case.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Hunger pain: a poor indicator of peptic ulcer in a developing country.

Endoscopy of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum and stool examinations for ova and parasites were performed in 63 adult Peruvian patients with "hunger pain" (HP) and other dyspeptic symptoms. No lesion capable of provoking HP was found at endoscopy in 50 (78%) of the 63 patients. Only 7 (12%) of the patients had evidence of active or healed peptic ulcers. Another 6 patients (10%) had either gastric erosions or duodenitis. One (2%) of the patients was infected with hookworm, a parasite that produces epigastric pain mimicking HP. The 12% rate of peptic ulcer in Peruvian patients with HP contrasts strongly with accumulated experience in most developed countries, whose rates of peptic ulcer associated with HP range from 60 to 75%. As the frequency of peptic ulcer is so variable in patients with HP, we suggest that the simple term "hunger pain" be used instead of "peptic ulcer pain" or "ulcer dyspepsia" to refer to the complaint of such patients.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1989

[Renal failure in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria].

UNLABELLED: Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare, acquired hemolytic disorder characterized by a membrane abnormality of red cells, and characterized by two major clinical features of gross hemoglobinuria and diffuse venous thrombosis. In Japan, the present report records the first case of acute renal failure complicating PNH with treated by hemodialysis and was almost completely reversible. CASE: A 41 year-old woman was admitted for high fever (39.8 degrees C), dyspnea and clinical signs of a respiratory infection. She was started on Cefotax 1,000 mg 3 times daily. She subsequently developed acute renal failure and which treated by hemodialysis and was almost completely reversible. Following treatment of her renal failure, respiratory infection and anemia, she initially made good progress and was discharged.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1989

[Nontraumatic subcapsular renal hematoma: report of a case].

A case of nontraumatic subcapsular renal hematoma was reported. The patient was a 41-year-old woman. She complained of right flank colic pain. Her excretory pyelography showed right hydronephrosis and ureteral stone, and demonstrated a large mass involving the right kidney and medial displacement of its collecting system. Ultrasonic examination and computed tomography revealed right subcapsular renal hematoma. Since we found no malignancy, we made a puncture and drained the lesion. A bloody aliquot was gained and its cytological examination was negative. Her clinical course was uneventful. After 6 months the hematoma was absorbed clearly. A review was made of 38 cases of nontraumatic subcapsular renal hematoma, including our own case. Of these, the cause was unidentified in 17 cases. Hydronephrosis, mostly associated with calculi, renal infarcts, nephritis and renal cell carcinoma followed. Of 38 cases, 2 (5.3%) were of malignant tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A case report of thoracic duct cyst].

A case of mediastinal thoracic duct is described. A 27-year-old female patient was referred to our hospital for abnormal finding of her chest X-ray film, which revealed a mediastinal mass. CT scan, endoscopic ultrasonography, MRI showed that the mass was cystic in the posterior mediastinum. Intra operative ultrasonography demonstrated a thin-walled ovoid cyst containing some high echoic parts inside, which suggested condensed milky fluid. The small pedicle entered the upper pole of cyst was found at surgery and the cyst contained chyle about 300 ml. Histopathological specimen of resected cyst showed a structure of thoracic duct with some lymphoid tissue. Postoperative course was smooth. The characteristic finding of ultrasonography seemed to be valuable in the diagnosis of thoracic duct cyst.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Dynamic local cerebral circulation study in patients with cerebral diseases--using 99mTc-HSA-D mainly compared with 99mTc-HSA].

We have been using 99mTc-RBC and 99mTc-HSA for cerebral angiography and measurement of the local cerebral blood volume (LCBV) and cerebral/peripheral hematocrit ratio (alpha). 99mTc-HSA, however, has a problem of poor stability in the blood. We conducted basic and clinical studies on 99mTc-HSA-D, a ready-to-use preparation with good stability in the blood. We measured the regional cerebral circulation dynamics in patients with cerebral diseases in comparison with 99mTc-RBC and 99mTc-HSA. 99mTc-HSA-D and 99mTc-RBC showed more than a 90% retention ratio in the blood 60 min after administration, and good SPECT images were obtained using these two pharmaceuticals. On the contrary, 99mTc-HSA was unstable and its retention ratio was 60s% 60 min after administration. 99mTc-HSA does not provide good SPECT images due to free 99mTcO4- which seems to be liberated from 99mTc-HSA in the body, etc. There were no adverse reactions or abnormal laboratory findings caused by the 99mTc-HSA-D administration in any of the patients. Based on these results, it is surmised that 99mTc-HSA-D is clinically useful for measurement of the cerebral blood volume and cerebral/peripheral hematocrit ratio (alpha).

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Mechanism of action of endocrine therapy of endometrial carcinoma].

The mechanism of action of sex steroid hormones on endometrial carcinoma was analyzed by a cell culture system. 1) Estrogenic actions such as enhancement of ALP activity, PR level and cellular growth were confirmed in Ishikawa endometrial carcinoma cells which possess ER. 2) ER and PR are both localized immunocytochemically in the nuclei of Ishikawa cells, confirming the correctness of Gorsky and Greene's theory in endometrial carcinoma. 3) In Ishikawa cells with PR, progestins stimulated E2DH activity and glycogen synthesis and reduced ER level, thus proving the existence of their hormonal action. We cannot, however, rule out the pharmaceutical action of progestin, because a decrease in nucleic acid syntheses and ALP activity, alteration in electron microscopic observation and finally cellular death were observed in endometrial cancer cells without PR. 4) Conversely, Tamoxifen, anti-estrogen, stimulated the cellular growth in serum-free environment of culture. We must therefore be careful in using it clinically.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Effects of N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-8-pyrrolizidineacetamide hydrochloride hemihydrate on the ventriculo-atrial conductivity of accessory pathways.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-8-pyrrolizidineacetamide hydrochloride hemihydrate (SUN 1165), a newly developed antiarrhythmic agent belonging to class Ic, on the ventriculoatrial (VA) conductivity of accessory pathways and paroxysmal supra-ventricular tachycardia (PSVT). Twelve patients with accessory pathways were examined by standard electrophysiologic technique before and after a single oral dose of SUN 1165 (100 mg). 1 h after administration, SUN 1165 blocked VA conduction of the accessory pathway in six of twelve patients and prevented the induction of PSVT in six of seven cases. In the cases in which VA block did not occur, the VA interval prolonged (from 178 +/- 7 to 190 +/- 11 ms, p less than 0.05), and the effective refractory period of VA conduction was also increased (from 273 +/- 10 to 318 +/- 15 ms. p less than 0.05). SUN 1165 also prolonged the conduction time in normal conduction systems (AH and HV intervals and QRS duration), but the degree of the prolongation was moderate and not dangerous. There was no adverse effect. These results indicate that SUN 1165 is a potent and safe antiarrhythmic agent, and useful for preventing or stopping PSVT by blocking or depressing VA conduction through accessory pathways.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1988

Effect of perfused rat mandibular-gland pHI on the ratio of procainamide concentration in saliva to that in venous effluent.

The saliva to venous-effluent concentration ratio (S/E ratio) for procainamide (PA) was determined and compared with the ratio calculated by using the intracellular pH value of glandular cells. Exposed mandibular gland was perfused in situ with Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate buffer containing PA (10-100 micrograms/ml) and acetylcholine (ACh, 0.1 to 10 microM) or pilocarpine (10 microM). These perfusion conditions maintained almost normal physiological function of the mandibular gland throughout the perfusion period of 60 min, since the salivary Na+ and K+ concentrations were kept at almost constant levels, comparable with those reported in vivo, and the salivary flow, pH and protein level were also stabilized. Under fixed stimulation conditions with 1 microM ACh or 10 microM pilocarpine, the perfusate PA concentration ranging from 20 to 100 micrograms/ml did not affect the S/E ratio (approximately 0.3). There was a negative correlation between the S/E ratio and salivary pH when stimulated with 0.1 to 10 microM ACh. However, Matin's equation [S. B. Matin et al., Clin. Pharmac. Ther. 16, 1052 (1974)] employing venous effluent and salivary pH values did not explain fully these observed ratios. In contrast, Borzelleca's model [J. F. Borzelleca and J. W. Putney, J. Pharmac. exp. Ther. 174, 527 (1970)] for salivary drug transport using intracellular pH of the mandibular gland cells predicted S/E ratios relatively close to the observed values when the gland was perfused at pH 7.4 or 8.0.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1988

Comparative assessment of the resistance of the unstirred water layer to solute transport between two different intestinal perfusion systems.

The resistance of the unstirred water layer to solute transport was estimated in two different intestinal single-pass perfusion systems for a comparative study, using D-glucose as a model compound. One is a well established perfusion system in anesthetized rats as a standard (system A). The other is the one in unanesthetized rats for comparison (system B). It was demonstrated that in system B as well as in system A the resistance of the unstirred water layer to D-glucose transport should be taken into account and this resistance, accordingly, the effective thickness of the unstirred water layer (delta) which is assumed to be in proportion to its resistance, could be described as a function of the perfusion rate by using a film model. The delta decreased with increasing perfusion rate and was larger in system A than in system B at each perfusion rate; 785 microns in system A versus 319 microns in system B at the perfusion rate of 0.16 ml/min and 337 microns versus 184 micron at that of 2.95 ml/min. Thus in system B the effective thickness, accordingly, the resistance, of the unstirred water layer was reduced to about 50% of that in system A, but the resistance of the unstirred water layer could still account for 85% of the total resistance at the maximum as far as D-glucose absorption was concerned, while 93% in system A. These results suggest that, compared with perfusion experiments in anesthetized rats (system A), the resistance of the unstirred water layer is reduced but cannot be left out of consideration even if perfusion experiments are performed in unanesthetized rats (system B). And the lower resistance of the unstirred water layer in system B was attributed to a turbulent flow in contrary to a laminar flow in system A.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

High glucose-6-phosphatase activity in osteoblasts in the metaphysis of femur of growing rats.

Glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) activity was examined cytochemically in the metaphysis of femurs of 3- and 7-day-old rats. G6Pase and hexokinase activities were also examined biochemically in the femur and tibia of 3-day-old animals. The reaction product for G6Pase activity was seen in the endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear envelope of all cell types composing the metaphysis. The amount of the reaction product was abundant in osteoblasts, moderate in osteocytes, and moderate to scarce in osteoclasts and capillary endothelial cells. Biochemical G6Pase activity in the bones was higher than that in the brain, submandibular gland, or pancreas of the animals. Hexokinase activity in the bones was not different from that in the submandibular gland, pancreas, or kidney. The activity ratio of G6Pase and hexokinase in the bones (0.603) was greater than that in the submandibular gland, pancreas, or brain and smaller than that in the kidney. Possible physiological significances of the higher G6Pase activity in osteoblasts are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Inhibitory effect of phenobarbital on peroxisome biogenesis in mouse hepatocytes.

Peroxisomes in hepatocytes from mice administered 35, 50, or 100 mg/kg of phenobarbital (PB) were analyzed by quantitative electron microscopy. In perivenular hepatocytes, the volume of peroxisomes per unit cytoplasmic volume decreased to 78 or 57% of that of control animals by administration of 50 or 100 mg/kg. Their average volume also decreased to 78 or 64% of that in control animals in animals injected with 35 or 50 mg/kg. Further, cytochemical catalase activity appeared decreased in peroxisomes of hepatocytes of this zone after administration of 50 or 100 mg/kg. These suggest an inhibitory action of PB administration of biogenesis of peroxisomes in perivenular hepatocytes. In periportal hepatocytes, however, the volume density, average volume, and cytochemical catalase activity of peroxisomes did not change by administration of any doses of PB. Thus, PB administration appears to produce no inhibitory effect on the peroxisome biogenesis in periportal hepatocytes. On the other hand, the number of peroxisomes per unit cytoplasmic volume increased in both periportal and perivenular hepatocytes in animals injected with 50 mg/kg, although it returned to the level of control animals by injection of 100 mg/kg. The inhibitory effect of PB on the peroxisome neogenesis in perivenular hepatocytes may be related to the marked smooth endoplasmic reticulum proliferation by administration of this drug.

Animals↗