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Biomedical subjects

J Walsh

Publications and source records attributed to J Walsh.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

An index of social competence for use in determining the service needs of mentally handicapped adults.

An index of Social Competence, covering 15 ability areas was developed for use with mentally handicapped adults. Statistical analyses of data obtained with a sample of 376 adults, living in the community suggested that there were three main factors underlying social competence. Eight subgroupings of the sample could then be derived according to the individuals, scores on the three factors and validatory evidence is presented for these groupings in terms of predictable relationships with certain independent variables such as the expressed need for residential care. Furthermore ratings made by staff and parents were reasonably similar. The index should prove particularly useful in surveys of service requirements especially in the social and residential areas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Somatostatin-14 and -28: clearance and potency on gastric function in dogs.

To examine the significance of somatostatin-14 (S-14) and somatostatin-28 (S-28) in gastric physiology, we compared their relative potencies on acid secretion in the dog. On a molar infusion basis, S-14 and S-28 appeared to be equipotent, causing 50% inhibition of peptone meal-stimulated acid secretion at a dose of 400 pmol . kg-1 . h-1. However, comparison of the plasma half lives (t 1/2) of the two peptides revealed that S-28 disappeared at a much slower rate (t 1/2 = 2.84 +/- 0.15 min, mean +/- SE, n = 7) than S-14 (t 1/2 = 0.57 +/- 0.06 min). When acid-inhibitory effect was compared against increment in plasma concentrations produced by peptide infusion, S-14 was roughly 10-fold more potent than S-28. No alteration of gastrin response to peptone was observed at a dose of S-14 or S-28 that completely abolished acid secretion, suggesting that regulation of acid secretion is not mediated by gastrin inhibition. Thus, S-14 is a potent and possibly important physiological inhibitor of gastric acid secretion. Although circulating S-28 may have importance in regulation of some biological functions, it appears to play a less prominent role in regulation of gastric secretion.

Animals↗