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Biomedical subjects

J Wallace

Publications and source records attributed to J Wallace.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Anxiolytic effects of low dosage nitrous oxide-oxygen mixtures administered continuously in apprehensive subjects.

We observed the effect of low doses of nitrous oxide on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, the cortisol output in blood and saliva, and the degree of sedation and analgesia of 20 volunteers. A psychologic screening inventory was also performed. We found nitrous oxide, at low dosage, to be primarily an anxiolytic and not an analgesic or amnesic agent. The nasally inhaled concentrations necessary to induce an anxiolytic effect varied from subject to subject, ranging from 30% to 65% and averaging 35% to 40%. This finding justifies the use of the gas to relieve anxiety instead of nonvolatile parenterally administered psychosedatives and narcotics. Nitrous oxide is preferable because its action is established within several minutes, it is rapidly eliminated at the conclusion of a procedure, and the sensorium is clear after five or six minutes. The gas is simply and safely administered with fail-safe apparatus designed specifically for this purpose. The technic is admirably suited for use in ambulatory care units where minor surgical or dental procedures are performed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

The utility of Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale profile analysis with prisoners.

Determined the efficacy of profile analysis with a prison population (63 white, 63 black) of the Petersburg Federal Correctional Institution as Ss. By use of Veldman's Hierarchical Profile Analysis, five distinctive WAIS profile types were derived empirically for each racial group. Analyses of covariance that controlled for full-scale IQ differences revealed significant differences among the profile types within each race in terms of Stanford Achievement Test scores and MMPI T-scores. Further, partial correlations indepepdent of full-scale IQ revealed significant relationships between some of the profile types and the commission of rule infractions while incarcerated. These findings are interpreted as supportive of profile analysis with inmate populations. However, it is suggested that further research be effected to cross-validate these findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Particulate emboli retained by a screen and a depth transfusion filter. A SEM study.

Microembolization by platelet leukocyte aggregates is a threat to the pulmonary microvasculature when blood is transfused to patients. Those aggregates can be removed by filters (either depth filter or screen filter); their efficiency, as shown by SFP measurements is not questionable, however they are working in different ways as observed by SEM: mechanical retention and adsorption.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Particulate emboli retained by the Intersept (R) transfusion filter; a sem study.

The Intersept (R) transfusion filter is the transfusion filter developed by Johnson and Johnson. Filtration is performed by both adsorption and mechanical retention. Not only microaggregates, but damaged and injured cells are likely to be trapped and/or adsorbed. Such a filter is not injurious to the blood components, but thrombotic material accumulation can occur with fresh blood.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Trial of high-titre human rubella immunoglobulin.

To test the efficacy of passive antibody for protecting susceptible pregnant women who have been exposed to rubella high-titre human rubella immunoglobulin (HRI) was given to 20 seronegative male adult volunteers simultaneously with rubella vaccine. After receiving the intramuscular injections of HRI (750 mg of IgG) and vaccine (10(3 . 92) median tissue culture dose, Wistar RA27/3 subcutaneously) eight of the 20 volunteers failed to show seroconversion. Antibody responses--and thus presumably viraemia--in the remaining 12 volunteers were delayed and reduced when compared with those in 19 volunteers given the vaccine alone. No significant responses occurred in volunteers given only HRI. We conclude that HRI may be of value for seronegative pregnant women who come into contact with clinical rubella, particularly when termination is likely to be refused.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1978

Cilia and sperm tail abnormalities in Polynesian bronchiectatics.

Sperm tails and bronchial cilia from Polynesians with bronchiectasis were examined in the electron microscope. The outer doublet tubules of the axonemal skeleton in these organelles either lacked dynein arms or had only partial arms. Various other cilial abnormalities were common. The sperm were immotile and pulmonary mucociliary clearance was reduced or absent.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1978

Modification of smoking behaviors in a correctional institution.

Effected two studies in a prison setting to determine the effectiveness of self-control procedures with institutionalized cigarette smokers. In Study I, 14 male inmates were given instruction in self-control techniques. The 6 inmates who completed treatment manifested significant reductions in their cigarette smoking. Intercorrelations between goal setting and smoking rates suggested the efficacy of a changing criterion schedule. A second study replicated Study I and suggested an appreciable (p less than .06) locus of control X type of goal setting (therapist vs. client) interaction. Study II also showed: (1) some components of treatment were perceived as significantly more helpful than others; (2) self-control treatment seemed effective with a pipe smoker; and (3) in comparison to Study I a relatively low drop-out rate occurred in this study, which used a contracting procedure to discourage drop-outs. Results are discussed in terms of treatment implications for inmate smokers, and suggestions for further research were provided.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The utility of two Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale short forms with prisoners.

Previous research has suggested that the Pauker (1963) and Satz and Mogul (1962) short forms of the WAIS have been efficacious in estimating the standard form. While there is a growing need in correctional settings for quicker evaluation procedures, the lack of WAIS short form research with prisoners prohibits their use with such populations. Hence, this study employed 126 young adult male inmates to test the comparability of the above cited short forms and the standard WAIS across a variety of evaluative criteria. The results generally suggested the superiority of the Pauker (1963) form in estimating the standard WAIS. However, because the current study employed only black and white young male offenders it is suggested that the current findings not be generalized to other age groups, races, or women inmates until these findings are cross-validated on such samples.

Adolescent↗