Biomedical subjects

J Wada

Publications and source records attributed to J Wada.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

PubMed1993

Severity of osteoarthritis determined by radiographically measured width of the femoral and tibial condyles of the knee.

With osteophytes excluded, the width of the femoral and tibial condyles of 46 osteoarthritic knees in 31 patients was measured with standing anteroposterior radiographs. The ratio of femoral over tibial condylar width was smaller in the medial compartments in the knees with advanced osteoarthritis. This finding was interpreted to indicate that the tibial side widened as osteoarthritis advanced, a factor considered to be due to stress microfracture.

Aged↗

PubMed1993

[A case of non-IgA mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis with huge paramesangial hemispherical deposits].

A 16-year-old female was admitted to our hospital because of chance proteinuria. On admission, mild proteinuria (0.6g/day) was observed, but microhematuria was not detected during the observation period. All the values of the renal function tests were within the normal range. Her renal biopsy demonstrated a prominent increase in the mesangial area by light microscopy and showed marked paramesangial hemispherical deposits by electron microscopy. Though IgM, IgG, Clq, C3, and fibrinogen were localized in the mesangial region, IgA was not detected by immunofluorescence study. It has been reported that paramesangial hemispherical deposits are strongly indicative of IgA glomerulonephritis. We conclude that this patient is a rare case of non-IgA glomerulonephritis with huge paramesangial hemispherical deposits.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

Expression of the VLA family of integrins in the renal glomerulus.

The expression of glomerular extracellular matrix receptors of the very late antigen (VLA) family was examined in the human renal glomerulus by indirect immunofluorescence studies. Beta 1 subunits of integrin were localized in glomerular epithelial, endothelial and mesangial cells and Bowman's capsule. Alpha 3 integrin was localized dominantly in the glomerular capillary wall and less in the mesangium and Bowman's capsule. Alpha 2, alpha 4 and alpha 5 integrins were barely stained in the glomerulus. Our findings indicate that the VLA family of integrins plays an important role in the attachment of glomerular cells to the extracellular matrices.

Extracellular Matrix Proteins↗

PubMed1993

Emergency myocardial revascularization for myocardial infarction evolving outside the hospital. A feasible option when thrombolysis and coronary angioplasty have failed.

Most reports on emergency coronary revascularization deal with failed percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) or refractory ischemia which developed after hospital admission. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and prognosis of emergency revascularization for acute myocardial infarction evolving outside the hospital. Between 1974 and 1992 54 cases were included in this study. The patients had both electrocardiographic and clinical evidence of ongoing ischemia. One or more infarct-related obstructed coronary arteries were documented by emergency angiography. Since 1981, the patients have been given urokinase, and, since 1986, they have undergone PTCA initially and, when reperfusion failed, revascularization was started. Overall in-hospital mortality has been 11.1% (6/54). All other patients were discharged in satisfactory condition. Follow-up for periods of up to nearly twenty years has been uneventful with the exception of two late sudden deaths. The above results confirm that emergency coronary revascularization is a therapeutical option worth considering.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[A clinicopathological study of patients with immune complex type and pauci immune type rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis].

We made clinicopathological studies of twelve patients with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) treated at our department of Okayama University Medical School Hospital for the last eight years. By immunofluorescence microscopy, seven cases were immune complex (IC) type and five were pauci immune type. By light microscopy, the mean percentage of glomeruli with crescents was seventy five, and cellular and fibro-cellular crescents were dominant in eleven cases. Combined therapy including methylprednisolone pulse or oral steroid was effective in eleven. Hemodialysis was performed in four patients with severe uremia and three of them recovered from hemodialysis. Two cases of RPGN associated with systemic lupus erythematosus died of cerebral hemorrhage. We conclude that IC type and pauci immune type RPGN have good prognosis when treated at their active stage with intensive combined therapy and with hemodialysis if necessary.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Depression in male and female subjects with complex partial seizures.

Eighty-four epileptic patients, with seizures originating in either the left or the right hemisphere, were evaluated to determine the relations between lateralization of epileptogenic foci, gender, and depression. Our data suggest that male subjects, but not female subjects, with left-sided foci may be particularly vulnerable to depression.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Sex differences in interhemispheric reorganization of speech.

Ninety-four epileptic patients who had undergone the carotid amytal test were evaluated in order to determine whether sex affects the pattern of hemispheric reorganization following cerebral injury. Our data suggest that the period during which hemispheric reorganization for speech can occur differs between the sexes. Females have a relatively short window, with reorganization most likely during the first year of life. The length of this window is more difficult to define for males but may extend until puberty. The period during which a shift to left-handedness can occur does not appear to be affected by gender. Here, both males and females seem to show a relatively short window.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Sex-related differences in the cognitive consequences of early left-hemisphere lesions.

Epileptic patients who had undergone the carotid amytal test were assessed on a variety of measures of verbal and nonverbal ability. All patients had left-hemisphere dysfunction early in life, before 1 year of age. In males, such damage results in generalized cognitive retardation regardless of the status of the cerebral speech pattern. In females, intellectual retardation is linked specifically to a shift in speech processes. This sex-related difference in behavioral outcome may reflect interruption at different maturational stages and/or the influences of the immediate hormonal milieu.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Exposure to hepatitis B virus in the general population of Hisayama, Japan: significance of isolated antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen in general population.

Cross-sectional survey on the prevalence of hepatitis B serological markers was performed in 2,411 residents who accounted for 74.4% of the population aged 40 and over and living in Hisayama Town, Japan, in 1983. Overall prevalences were 40.7% for both anti-HBs and anti-HBc, 6.1% for isolated anti-HBs and 5.4% for isolated anti-HBc. The condition with isolated anti-HBs was different from those with isolated anti-HBc and both anti-HBc and anti-HBs as follows. The titer of anti-HBs in isolated anti-HBs positive samples was significantly lower than that in both anti-HBs and anti-HBc positive ones (46.2 +/- 5.4 vs. 83.2 +/- 2.8, mean +/- SE, p less than 0.001). The presence of isolated anti-HBs was neither significantly more frequent in males nor related to the risk of liver damages in contrast with that of anti-HBc with or without anti-HBs. These findings suggest that isolated anti-HBs pattern with the absence of anti-HBc in general population was not due to prior HBV infection, but due to natural immunization with HBsAg.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Prevalences of hepatitis B surface antigen carriers and liver damages in the general population of Hisayama, Japan.

The prevalences of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers and liver damages were studied in 2,411 residents aged 40 and over and living in Hisayama, Japan in 1983. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) associated markers were all measured by radioimmunoassay. HBsAg carriers were found in 2.3 per cent of the residents. Hepatitis B e antigen and antibody to hepatitis B e antigen were positive in 8.9 per cent and 80.4 per cent, respectively, of HBsAg carriers. The prevalences of liver damages in HBsAg carriers were compared with 1095 who had none of HBV markers (neither anti-HBc nor anti-HBs). The prevalences of abnormal aminotransferase level in sera were not different between HBsAg carriers and those who had none of HBV markers. A history of jaundice and/or hepatitis was evident in 32.3 per cent of male carriers and 24.0 per cent of female ones, being significantly more than those without HBV markers (13.1 per cent and 5.8 per cent, p less than 0.05 and p less than 0.005, respectively). These results indicate that, among HBsAg carriers aged 40 and over, few have active clinical signs of hepatitis, although about 20 per cent of them have histories of symptomatic hepatitis due to hepatitis B.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Unicompartmental replacement with the Marmor Modular knee: operative procedure and results.

Unicompartmental arthroplasty using the Marmor Modular knee was performed in 27 knees of 24 patients--three men and 21 women--aged 51-82 years (average age 68.9 years). The disease was osteoarthritis in 19 knees, steroid arthropathy in two knees, Charcot joint in three knees, and rheumatoid arthritis in three knees. Medial replacement was done in 24 knees and lateral replacement in three knees. Follow-up was from 2-7 years (average 4 years 9 months). Post-operatively, 14 knees were reported to be free of pain and 11 only occasionally mildly painful. Walking distance improved to more than 1 km in 17 patients. The knee score improved from 40.4 to 72.2 points (p less than 0.01). Complications included two knees with loosening due to postoperative limb malalignment; there were no instances of infection or fracture.

Aged↗

PubMed1991

[Effect of protease inhibitor on primary glomerulonephritis and the mechanism of the effect].

Effect of serine protease inhibitor Camostat Mesilate (Foipan) on primary glomerulonephritis and it's mechanism were evaluated. Forty-two patients having primary glomerulonephritis (13 cases of IgA nephropathy, 11 cases of membranous nephropathy and others), aged 18 to 81 years were selected for this study. At the start of our study, twenty-one patients had received other drugs (13 cases of dipyridamole and 13 cases of prednisolone). A control period of four weeks was established to confirm that the levels of proteinuria and renal functions were stable. Patients were orally administered with 600 mg of Camostat Mesilate per day for four weeks. Effect of Camostat Mesilate was judged by urinary protein excretion, hematuria, serum total protein, albumin, Ccr, creatinine and BUN. In order to reveal the mechanism of the effect laboratory data such as granulocyte elastase, CH50, C3, C4, fibrinogen, platelate factor 4, beta-thromboglobulin, thromboxane B2 and prostaglandin F1 alpha were evaluated before and after the treatment. Parameters were analyzed by using paired t-test. Mean (+/- SEM) urinary protein excretion reduced from 4.31 +/- 0.91 to 2.80 +/- 0.43 g/day (p less than 0.05), and score of hematuria decreased from 1.8 +/- 0.16 to 1.5 +/- 0.15. A significant decrease in urinary protein excretion was seen in membranous nephropathy and a significant decrease in hematuria was seen in IgA nephropathy. In combination therapy (dipyridamole, prednisolone) urinary protein excretion markedly decreased (p less than 0.05) and in Camostat Mesilate therapy score of hematuria markedly decreased (p less than 0.05). Camostat Mesilate had no effects on renal function assessed by Ccr, creatinine and BUN.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

[A case of lupus nephritis with hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism].

We report a case of 67-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus presenting hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism. She admitted because of anasarca in March, 1990. She manifested nephrotic syndrome, and hyperkalemia and hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis. The hyperkalemia was disproportionate to the degree of renal insufficiency. Basal levels of plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone concentration were low. Renal tubular function studies revealed normal hydrogen ion secretion. Renal biopsy demonstrated diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis and prominent interstitial cell infiltration. There was no vasculitis of glomerular vascular poles. After treatment of lupus nephritis with prednisolone, levels of plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone concentration were elevated. Hyperkalemia and metabolic acidosis were normalized and renal function improved. We conclude that the heperkalemia and metabolic acidosis could be attributed to hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism.

Acidosis↗

PubMed1990

An examination of the crowding hypothesis in epileptic patients who have undergone the carotid amytal test.

Epileptic patients who had undergone the carotid amytal test were assessed on a variety of measures of verbal and non-verbal ability. All patients had left hemisphere dysfunction of early onset. Patients with atypical speech patterns performed as well as patients with left hemisphere speech on most, though not all, measures of language function. Transfer of language to the right hemisphere, however, occurred at a heavy cost. Patients with atypical speech patterns performed more poorly than their left hemisphere speech counterparts on a wide variety of non-verbal tests. These results are discussed in terms of the "crowding" hypothesis.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

Mouth asymmetry during speech of epileptic patients who have undergone carotid amytal testing.

Asymmetry in the opening of the two sides of the mouth during speech has been suggested as an observable correlate of lateralization of cerebral speech motor control. For 24 epileptic patients who suffered speech disturbance only during left hemisphere carotid amytal anesthetization, 22 showed the expected greater opening of the right side of the mouth during a repetition task. However, all four of the patients who suffered speech disturbance following only right hemisphere anesthetization, and 8 of the 11 "bilateral speech" patients, also showed greater opening of the right side of the mouth. The speech dominant patients may, however, have genetic left speech dominance but a pathology-forced shift of some components of language to the right hemisphere. Basic mouth asymmetry, as measured here, may primarily reflect lateralization of a component of the motor/speech/language control system that may not be shifted by pathology in epileptic patients sustaining early brain insult. Relative change in mouth asymmetry as the speech task becomes more demanding may, however, be a more sensitive indicator or cerebral asymmetries for language in pathological cases.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

[Correlation between changes in obesity from adolescence to young adulthood and family obesity--the results of cross sectional and longitudinal studies].

We conducted a survey of 356 married couples and their 552 children living in Hisayama in Fukuoka prefecture in order to investigate the correlation between changes in obesity from adolescence to young adulthood. 1. A positive correlation between couples in weight and height could be found, but its coefficient was weak (r = 0.12, 0.10). There was no correlation between couples in BMI. 2. The correlation between parents and their children in height, weight and BMI was significantly positive (r = 0.18, 0.45), having a coefficient greater than that of the correlation between married couples. 3. The correlation coefficient between mother and child was greater than that of the correlation coefficient between father and child. 4. The BMI of a child with either parent obese was significantly greater than that of a child with neither parent obese. Obesity appeared more frequently in children whose BMI of parent was higher. 5. A positive correlation between the BMI of young adults and that of adolescents could be found, and the average BMI of the obesity group was higher than that of the non-obesity group even in the adolescent subjects. 6. Even after considering BMI during adolescence, the familial factor had a significant relationship to the BMI of young adulthood. These results suggest that obesity in adolescence will influence obesity in young adulthood, and that the appearance of obesity strongly correlates with the familial obesity factor. In conclusion, it is very important to take preventative measures, in cooperation with the family, early in a child's adolescent years in order to avoid obesity in adulthood.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

[Correlation between changes in blood pressure from adolescence to young adulthood and history of parental hypertension and obesity].

Between 1980 and 1987, medical examinations and measurement of height, weight, and blood pressure were performed on 613 persons from among a cohort of 740 persons living in Hisayama town in Fukuoka prefecture who had attained the age of 19 to 20 by the end of the study. Of this group, 439 persons (215 males and 224 females) were further studied to determine the correlation between changes in blood pressure, height, weight and obesity that had occurred since age 14-15 years old, and their family history of hypertension and obesity. 1. A positive correlation was found between blood pressure levels and BMI. 2. There was a significant positive correlation between blood pressure levels at the age of 14-15 and those at the age of 19-20. 3. Those who maintained high blood pressure levels from the age of 14-15 through the age of 19-20 had high BMI. Many of these subjects had family history hypertension, but family history of obesity did not appear to have influenced the continuity of their high blood pressure levels during this stage of life. These results indicate that there was a weak tracking phenomenon for blood pressure from adolescence to young adulthood, and that family history of hypertension and continuity of obesity were detrimental factors contributing to continued high blood pressure levels. In conclusion, it is crucially important to take measures against obesity in early adolescence, especially in the presence of family history of hypertension, in order to prevent adulthood hypertension.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

Wada-Cutter heart valve: overall experience at the Sapporo Medical College.

We performed cardiac valve replacement using the Wada-Cutter valve in 124 patients during the 9 years between 1966 and 1974: aortic valve replacement in 48, mitral valve replacement in 56, tricuspid valve replacement in 9, and multiple valve replacement in 11. Sixteen patients died within 30 days after operation, and 34 died in the late postoperative period, with a cumulative mortality rate of 40.3%. Postoperative complications included valve thrombosis in 9 patients, thromboembolism in 4, and mechanical valve failure in 5. The Wada-Cutter valve, first described at the Annual Meeting of The Society of Thoracic Surgeons on January 27, 1967, in a discussion on the paper by Cooley and colleagues on mitral valve replacement with a discoid valve, attracted attention for its unique design. Four of the Wada-Cutter valves were incorporated in Liotia's total artificial heart, which was implanted clinically for the first time in Cooley's second-stage heart transplantation. It may not only claim to be the origin of today's most popular tilting-disc heart valves but also has some original concepts with regard to bileaflet and tricuspid tilting-disc heart valves. However, at that time, cardiac valve replacement with this prosthesis resulted in a high incidence of thrombosis without systemic anticoagulation and in mechanical valve failure due to hinge wear of the Teflon occluder. For these reasons, its clinical use was discontinued in 1974. If Pyrolite carbon had been adopted in construction of the valve when it first became available, the valve design could have been useful even today.

Aortic Valve↗