Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J W Hawkins

Publications and source records attributed to J W Hawkins.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Portrayal of nurses in advertisements in medical and nursing journals.

This investigation examined the content of advertisements in medical and nursing journals to determine if the images of nurses reflect the roles nurses play in health care. The method used was content analysis. Thirty-five nursing journals and 48 medical journals yielded 313 different advertisements picturing nurses. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square, correlation coefficients, and interpreted for overall impressions of the portrayals. Nurses are portrayed as sex objects, ornaments and as handmaidens to physicians. The findings demonstrate a freezing of the image of nurses in the print media.

Advertising↗
PubMed1992

Clara Barton.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

History of Nursing↗
PubMed1991

"Tugboat Annie:" nursing's hero of Pearl Harbor--Grace Lally (1897-1983).

In 1991 we will mark the 50th anniversary of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. Few nurses know that the Chief Nurse aboard the USS Solace, the only hospital ship in port on that fateful day, played a critical role in caring for the survivors. Grace Lally's calm, professional manner, along with her sensitivity to the needs of her patients, her 12 nurses, and the crew of the Solace made her a hero. This study is an investigation of her role on December 7, 1941, and her contributions as a career military nurse.

History, 20th Century↗
PubMed1991

To cure, to care, or to heal.

Healing is an unfulfilled potential in the current healthcare system. Although illness is a ritual that necessitates the social support of natural networks and healers, the organization of hospitals impedes support and healing. In this article, the authors analyze the ritual of illness, the hospital as a technological bureaucracy, social networks, and social support, and make recommendations for action by nurses who identify themselves as healers.

Caregivers↗
PubMed1990

Primary pulmonary hypertension in adults.

Primary pulmonary hypertension is an enigmatic disease found predominantly in young women, but it also affects a significant number of middle-aged and elderly males and females. Its onset, characterized by progressively worsening dyspnea, fatigue, and chest pain, is insidious. Three distinct histopathologic subtypes have been identified, and the natural history of the disease process has been well-defined. Pharmacologic treatment options have, in general, been disappointing, and it appears that heart-lung transplantation will be applied only to a small minority of young patients with primary pulmonary hypertension in the near future. We review the histopathology, evaluation, treatment, and prognosis of primary pulmonary hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Concept analysis of decision making.

Concept analysis allows us to examine the attributes and characteristics of a concept. The concept of decision making is central to the practice of nursing. Decision making occurs at all levels of human thought and action, so it has been explored in many disciplines. It is important to explore this concept from the perspective of the discipline of nursing, so that we can determine how definitions and theories apply to our practice. Investigating a concept adopted from other disciplines will eventually provide the profession with a basis for knowledge development.

Decision Support Techniques↗
PubMed1989

Exercise-induced alterations of signal-averaged electrocardiograms in marathon runners.

Late potentials have been shown to predict malignant ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. To determine whether prolonged, strenuous activity is associated with the development of ventricular late potentials, signal-averaged electrocardiography was performed on 30 marathon runners before, immediately after, and during a recovery period at least 1 week after they had a 26.2-mile race. The filtered QRS duration decreased immediately after the marathon to 94.4 +/- 10.0 msec from baseline values of 97.3 +/- 10.1 msec (p less than 0.005). Root mean square energy in the terminal 40 msec of the QRS complex increased immediately after the race from 60.4 +/- 35.6 uV to 71.0 +/- 41.7 uV (P less than 0.5). The duration of signals less than 40 uV in the terminal QRS were not appreciably altered. At the 1-week follow-up study, all parameters closely approximated the baseline values. No runner had a late potential after running the race. The one runner with a late potential at baseline had normal parameters immediately after the race. We conclude that signal-averaged ECG parameters are improved after a marathon is run, and the risk of an arrhythmic sudden death in adult runners without organic heart disease would seem to be low.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Nurse practitioners: factors affecting role performance.

This descriptive, correlational investigation was designed to examine the attitudes/values held by nurse practitioners concerning their roles, self-assessment of their skills/knowledge, and orientation toward a nursing or medical model to guide practice. The results indicate that the nurse practitioners in this sample have a high degree of confidence in their skills and knowledge and have a fairly strong nursing orientation in their practice. The great deal of variability in responses to items concerned with audit, quality assurance and financial aspects of the role have important implications for nurse practitioner education and practice.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1988

The content of advertisements in medical journals: distorting the image of women.

This study was designed to examine the content of advertisements in medical journals to determine if the images of women are different than those of men. The method for this investigation was content analysis of a stratified random sample of issues of selected medical journals that regularly include picture advertisements. Advertisements were analyzed according to criteria and characteristics derived from a review of the literature. Interrater reliability was computed as a function of agreements. The results indicate that readers of medical journals are still being exposed to images of women that are negative and outdated. Until portrayals of women are consistently positive and timely, the images can have a negative effect on the health care women receive.

Advertising↗