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Biomedical subjects

J W Finney

Publications and source records attributed to J W Finney.

102 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1967

Local and regional applications of hydrogen peroxide in the control of clostridial myositis in rabbits.

The intra-arterial infusion of hydrogen peroxide has been used as a method for producing a hyperoxic environment in experimental animals for the treatment of experimentally induced clostridial myositis. Eighty-five rabbits were employed in this study; 43 were controls and 42 were experimental animals. In the experimental study, 21 animals were treated with hydrogen peroxide by each route of administration. In this group, 52.4% of the animals receiving the intra-arterial infusion and 66.6% receiving intramuscular clysis survived. There were no survivors past 72 hr in the control group.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Two pathways out of drinking problems without professional treatment.

This 3-year longitudinal study examined two recovery pathways among 135 problem drinking individuals who never received professional treatment. Almost half (48.3%) of those individuals for whom outcome could be clearly determined became moderate drinkers or stably abstinent. At baseline, individuals who subsequently became abstinent (n = 28) were of low socioeconomic status, had severe drinking problems, and believed their drinking was a very serious problem. Once they began their recovery, they relied heavily on Alcoholics Anonymous as a maintenance factor. In contrast, individuals who became moderate drinkers (n = 29) had higher socioeconomic status and more social support at baseline than did individuals who became abstinent or continued to have drinking problems. A logistic regression on baseline data showed that it was possible to predict which natural recovery pathway an individual drinker would follow. The implications of these findings for alcoholism treatment and policy are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Alcoholism treatment outcome studies, 1980-1992: methodological characteristics and quality.

We examine the methodological characteristics and provision of study information in 339 alcoholism treatment outcome studies reported between 1980 and 1992. We consider factors in four methodological domains: sampling and description of patients, specification of treatments, outcome variable assessment and follow-up, and treatment effect estimates; we also consider the methodological quality of the studies. Although methodological quality has improved over time, there remains room for improvement. Of special concern is the low statistical power of many studies. Multiple treatment group studies had an average .54 probability of detecting a treatment effect of medium size.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Alcoholism treatment outcome studies, 1980-1992: the nature of the research.

We reviewed 339 alcoholism treatment outcome studies reported between 1980 and 1992. After comparing single and multiple treatment group studies, we focus on multiple-group studies, examining and comparing principal investigator and study characteristics, patient characteristics, treatment modalities and characteristics, and follow-up points and outcome variables in published and unpublished studies. This article provides an overview of the nature of the alcoholism treatment outcome research reported in the English language over the 13-year review period.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

During treatment changes in substance abuse patients with posttraumatic stress disorder. The influence of specific interventions and program environments.

Male substance abuse patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (SA-PTSD; N = 140) were compared to patients with only substance use disorders (SA-only; N = 1,262), and those with other Axis I diagnoses (SA-PSY; N = 228) on changes during substance abuse treatment. Diagnoses were determined by chart review, and patients completed questionnaires assessing coping, cognitions, and psychological distress. Although SA-PTSD patients improved on outcomes during treatment, they showed less benefit relative to SA-only patients. At discharge, SA-PTSD patients reported less use of effective coping styles, and endorsed more positive beliefs about substance use than SA-only patients. They had more psychological distress than SA-only and SA-PSY patients. More counseling sessions devoted to substance abuse and family problems, and increased involvement in 12-step activities partially counteracted the negative effects of having a PTSD diagnosis on several outcomes. SA-PTSD patients reported fewer psychological symptoms at discharge in programs that were high in support and order/organization.

Adaptation, Psychological↗