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Biomedical subjects

J W Dundee

Publications and source records attributed to J W Dundee.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Recovery from intravenous anaesthesia. Comparison of disoprofol with thiopentone and methohexitone.

Using the endpoints of spontaneous opening of eyes, giving date of birth, sitting up unaided and normal pegboard time, recovery from 2 and 3 mg/kg disoprofol was compared with that from 4 and 6 mg/kg thiopentone and 1.5 mg/kg methohexitone in groups each of 10 unpremedicated patients. The study method differentiated between recovery from the two doses of disoprofol and thiopentone at the first two endpoints only. A between-drug comparison showed early recovery was slightly faster with thiopentone than with equivalent doses of the new drug while no differences were detected between the recovery from equivalent doses of methohexitone and thiopentone. The differences found in this study are felt to be of no clinical significance and recovery from anaesthesia with disoprofol would not be expected to be any slower than that from equivalent doses of thiopentone.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The 'induction' dose of thiopentone. A method of study and preliminary illustrative results.

Study of the minimal dose requirements for induction of anaesthesia poses great problems which are solved by the use of a standard administration technique and the abolition of the eyelash reflex as an endpoint. This has been used in 2206 consecutive unselected inductions, in which variables considered to be likely to influence the dosage were recorded. Milligram per kilogram is the most acceptable method of expressing the average dosage of thiopentone. Doses follow a right skew distribution. Women required a significantly lower average dose of thiopentone than men, while obese patients required less than others. Moderate or heavy drinking increased the induction dose but the use of tobacco did not have any influence. The most important factors governing dosage are the physical fitness of the patient and the premedication used. Patients in ASA grades 1 and 2 required significantly more thiopentone than those in grades 3 and 4. This effect is as great as that of premedication in which an opiate with a phenothiazine or hyoscine markedly reduced the induction dose. It was more important than the patient's pre-operative condition with respect to sedation or apprehension. Small doses of opiates or benzodiazepines do not have as much effect on dosage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

The effect of intravenous cimetidine on the absorption of orally administered diazepam and lorazepam.

1 The effect of intravenous cimetidine 200 mg or 400 mg on the absorption of lorazepam 2.5 mg tablet and diazepam 10 mg tablet and capsule was studied. 2 Considerable individual variation in plasma concentrations was found with all preparations. 3 Cimetidine increased the absorption of diazepam and lorazepam. 4 Capsule preparations of diazepam generally produced higher drug plasma concentrations than the tablets.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1982

Lorazepam premedication for labour.

Fifty primigravidae were given either lorazepam (2 mg) or identical dummy tablets in early labour, in a randomized double-blind fashion. Analgesia (standardized at pethidine 100 mg) was given as required, and pain relief was assessed by visual analogue scale. Analgesia was significantly better in those mothers who had received lorazepam. There was a higher incidence of respiratory depression at birth in the infants in this group, although this was not statistically significant. Patients given lorazepam were all satisfied with their analgesic regimen compared with half of those given an inactive tablet. There was a higher incidence of amnesia for labour in the active group. There is a need for a similar study of the effects of other drugs which are given to supplement pethidine in labour.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Midazolam, a water-soluble benzodiazepine, for gastroscopy.

Midazolam, a water-soluble benzodiazepine, was given intravenously in doses of 0.07 mg/kg as sedation prior to oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy in 40 patients. This was very effective as a sedative in elderly patients but less so in the young, with a large individual variation in response. Pain on injection and venous thrombosis which are common with diazepam were not seen with midazolam.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Dose-finding and premedication studies with zopiclone.

The new non-benzodiazepine hypnotic, zopiclone, was investigated as a preanaesthetic medication in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in healthy patients scheduled for minor gynaecological surgery. Initially a dose-finding study was conducted in which zopiclone 3.75 mg, 7.5, and 11.25 mg was compared with diazepam 10 mg and placebo; 7.5 mg was established as the optimum dose of zopiclone. In the main study zopiclone 7.5 mg was comparable to diazepam 10 mg at 20, 40, and 60 min after administration and more efficacious at 90 min.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Improved pain relief after thoracotomy: use of cryoprobe and morphine infusion.

In a randomised controlled trial carried out during the first to days after thoracotomy patients who had had intercostal nerves frozen with a cryoprobe or were given morphine by continuous intravenous infusion had significant less pain at rest than patients given intramuscular morphine. Differences between the groups with respect to pain on movement and during physiotherapy were not significant. Pain was estimated using visual analogue scales, and an arc sine transformation was carried out on values obtained from these scales before comparison using an analysis of variance. The trial did not distinguish between the cryoprobe and infusion treatment. The simplicity of the cryoprobe had much to commend it, but in units without access to this equipment a small infusion pump offers a satisfactory alternative.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Glycopyrrolate.

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Animals↗
PubMed1981

Injectable aspirin as a postoperative analgesic.

The effectiveness of lysine acetyl salicylate (LAS) 1.8 g, equivalent to aspirin 1 g, in relieving severe, immediate, postoperative pain has been compared with that of morphine 10 mg in comparable groups of patients. A single injection of LAS 1.8 did not give effective or consistent relief of pain, while morphine was both effective and consistent in its action. However, LAS was shown to have some analgesic activity.

Analgesics↗