Neuroimaging highlight. Superior sagittal sinus thrombosis.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
J W Chan
Publications and source records attributed to J W Chan.
Isolated unilateral post-traumatic internuclear ophthalmoplegia.
A patient developed an isolated unilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO) after head trauma. An uncommon complication of closed head trauma, INO usually occurs bilaterally and is often associated with other neurologic deficits. The mechanism may be shear injury caused by angular acceleration leading to downward displacement of the posterior brainstem downward, stretching of the nerve fibers of the medial longitudinal fasciculus, or compression and tearing of its arterial supply.
Adult↗
Clinical manifestations of tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the impact of HIV infection on the clinical presentation of tuberculosis. METHODOLOGY: We retrospectively studied the impact of HIV infection on the clinical presentation of tuberculosis. A total of 60 consecutive patients co-infected with HIV and tuberculosis were identified. RESULTS: Majority were male (88.3%) and the most common transmission category was heterosexual contact (80%). Most were in the advanced stage of HIV infection; 93% had CD4 cell count less than 200/mm3. Concerning the site of tuberculosis involvement, 37% had pulmonary involvement alone, 13% had extrapulmonary disease involving one single site, 50% had both pulmonary and extrapulmonary involvement. Fifteen (25%) patients also met the criteria of disseminated tuberculosis, who had a significantly lower mean CD4 cell count than those with pulmonary involvement alone (mean 40 vs 102; P = 0.048). Chest radiographs comprised a wide spectrum of manifestations. A considerable proportion had primary pulmonary tuberculosis pattern (38%) and normal radiographs (8.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Our patients generally had advanced HIV infection; 93% of those had CD4 lymphocyte count < 200/mm3. Extrapulmonary involvement and disseminated disease were common. Radiographic manifestations of pulmonary tuberculosis were often 'atypical' due to the greater proportion of primary tuberculosis among our patients.
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
A physical map of the chromosome of Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli var. fuscans BXPF65.
A physical map of the Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli var. fuscans BXPF65 chromosome was constructed by PFGE and Southern hybridization. The chromosome was 3938 kb and was composed of 39 XbaI restriction fragments. The size is close to that estimated for X. campestris pv. campestris based on DNA renaturation kinetics. Macrorestriction fragments containing genes for a 16S rRNA, pectate lyase, two-component regulatory system and hrp cluster were located on the physical map. Each of these probes hybridized to single macrorestriction fragments except the 16S rRNA probe, which hybridized to five fragments located in different areas on the chromosome map.
Blotting, Southern↗
Role of antiribosomal P protein antibodies in the diagnosis of lupus isolated to the central nervous system.
BACKGROUND: When lupus presents with isolated central nervous system findings, the usual serologic markers are often absent and diagnostic difficulty with a delay in treatment is common. OBJECTIVE: To report the usefulness of antiribosomal P protein antibodies in the diagnosis of lupus isolated to the central nervous system when results of tests for anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies are negative. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: University medical center. PATIENT: The patient was evaluated and treated on referral and follow up for 1 year. RESULTS: We describe a patient with acute onset of psychosis followed by coma and focal clonic movements with undetectable DNA antibodies. Serum antiribosomal P protein antibody levels were elevated. Steroid therapy was followed by marked clinical improvement and a decrease in antibody titer. CONCLUSION: Antiribosomal P protein antibodies provide an important confirmatory test for the diagnosis of lupus isolated to the central nervous system when results of tests for anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies are negative.
Adult↗
Pathogenesis of acute monocular blindness from leaking anterior communicating artery aneurysms: report of six cases.
This report describes six cases of leaking anterior communicating aneurysms, collected over 37 years, that caused acute monocular blindness. In two cases, surgical and pathologic evidence demonstrated the pathogenic mechanism: As the aneurysm enlarges, the down-pointing dome compresses the optic nerve from above and adheres to it. When the aneurysm ruptures through the adherent dome, it bleeds directly into the optic nerve, resulting in severe headache and monocular blindness. The other cases also suggest an alternative mechanism, namely, direct optic nerve compression by the aneurysm.
Adult↗
Extraction of genomic DNA from extracellular polysaccharide-synthesizing gram-negative bacteria.
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DNA, Bacterial↗
Correlation between auditory reaction time and intelligence.
Discriminative reaction times to auditory stimuli were measured for 150 students of the local Chinese population. Pearson's correlation with scores on the Standard Progressive Matrices and RTs was negative, becoming -0.30 when slower trials were eliminated. The possible basis for improvement was discussed in relation to cognitive processes and the general theory of assessing intelligence.
Adolescent↗
The effect of surgery on the iliac apophysis: an experimental study.
The effect of surgery on the subsequent growth of the iliac apophysis was studied in 30 immature New Zealand White rabbits. Groups of animals were subjected to splitting of the iliac apophysis or excision of part of or the whole apophysis. These animals were compared to a group with a sham operation. Results showed that splitting with subsequent resuturing of the iliac apophysis resulted in normal growth in height but increased growth in width and thickness of the iliac bone. Excision of one third of the iliac apophysis did not interfere with subsequent growth, but excision of two thirds or more of the iliac apophysis resulted in retarded growth of the iliac bone. These experimental studies suggest that the iliac apophysis can be safely split in the surgical approach to a child's hip. Also one third of the iliac apophysis can be safely sacrificed for use as a physeal graft or for chondrocyte cultures.
Animals↗