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Biomedical subjects

J Vuori

Publications and source records attributed to J Vuori.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Serum carbonic anhydrase III and myoglobin concentrations in acute myocardial infarction.

Serum concentrations of myoglobin (S-Myo) and carbonic anhydrase III (S-CA III; EC 4.2.1.1), a skeletal muscle-specific protein, were measured by RIA in 26 patients with acute myocardial infarction, 14 patients with neuromuscular diseases, and six healthy subjects before and after physical exercise. S-Myo was increased in infarct patients, whereas S-CA III was not altered. In patients with neuromuscular diseases and in healthy subjects after physical exercise, both S-Myo and S-CA III were significantly increased. S-CA III and S-Myo also showed identical peak times, 2 h postexercise. The S-Myo/S-CA III ratio was always higher in infarct patients than in the other groups. Thus, the combination of S-CA III and S-Myo determinations is useful to differentiate whether serum myoglobin is originating from myocardium or from skeletal muscle.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Serum carbonic anhydrase III, an enzyme of type I muscle fibres, and the intensity of physical exercise.

The effects of 30 min running with stepwise increasing intensity (exhaustive, energy demand approx. 50----100% of VO2max), 60 s supramaximal running (anaerobic, greater than or equal to 125% of VO2max) and 40-60 min low-intensity running (aerobic, 40-60% of VO2max) on serum concentration of muscle-derived proteins were studied in 5 male and 5 female elite orienteerers. S-Carbonic anhydrase III (S-CA III) was used as a marker of protein leakage from type I (slow oxidative) muscle fibres and S-myoglobin (S-Mb) as a non-selective (type I + II) muscular marker. The fractional increase in S-CA III (delta S-Ca III) was 0.37 +/- 0.09 (mean +/- SEM, p less than 0.001), 0.10 +/- 0.05 (N. S.) and 0.46 +/- 0.09 (p less than 0.001) 1 h after exhaustive, anaerobic and aerobic exercise, respectively. The corresponding values for delta S-Mb were 1.45 +/- 0.36 (p less than 0.001), 0.39 +/- 0.13 (p less than 0.01) and 0.67 +/- 0.18 (p less than 0.001). The value for the delta S-CA III/delta S-Mb ratio was 0.68 +/- 0.03 after the aerobic exercise, but only 0.25-0.26 (p vs. aerobic exercise less than 0.001) after the two high-intensity forms of exercise. Since type I fibres of skeletal muscle are known to be responsible for power production during low-intensity exercise, whereas fibres of both type I and type II are active at higher intensities, the delta S-CA III/delta S-Mb ratio may depend on the recruitment profile of type I vs. type I + II fibres.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Bladder perforation: uncommon complication with a misplaced IUD.

We report a unique case of uterine and bladder perforation by a copper intrauterine device (Nova-T). The patient presented with recurrent cystitis, which led to cystoscopy, where the horizontal arm of the IUD was seen intravesically. The IUD was removed vaginally by pulling the locator strings. The patient recovered without complications. The case shows that the new, second-generation IUDs may also cause bladder perforation.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Muscle-specific carbonic anhydrase III is a more sensitive marker of muscle damage than creatine kinase in neuromuscular disorders.

Serum concentration of carbonic anhydrase III (S-CA III), a novel marker of type I skeletal muscle cells was measured in 37 patients with neuromuscular diseases (polymyositis, muscular dystrophies, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and other neurogenic diseases) and in 24 control patients. Significant elevation in S-CA III was observed in all patient groups. Serum concentration of carbonic anhydrase III correlated positively with serum-creatine kinase. Serum concentration of carbonic anhydrase III was observed to be a more sensitive skeletal muscle marker both in myogenic and in neurogenic muscle affecting diseases than serum creatine kinase.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Placebo-controlled study on serum concentrations of CA-125 before and after treatment of endometriosis with danazol or high-dose medroxyprogesterone acetate alone or after surgery.

Serum concentrations of CA-125 were determined in association with 6-month medical (n = 48) or surgical and medical therapy (n = 40) of endometriosis. The concentration of CA-125 was significantly higher in stages III + IV (66.6 +/- 22.0 [standard deviation] U/ml) than in stage I (20.9 +/- 2.3 U/ml) or II (28.4 +/- 2.8 U/ml); in stage II, the concentration was higher than in stage I. Surgical elimination of endometriosis significantly decreased the level of CA-125, as did danazol, but not medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), although these drugs were equal in clinical efficacy. The CA-125 changes during hormonal treatment did not correlate with the clinical response. Postoperatively, CA-125 responses to danazol, MPA, or placebo did not differ significantly from each other. During the 6-month follow-up after medication, the CA-125 concentrations tended to increase, especially in danazol-treated women. The determination of CA-125 is useful in estimating the extent of the disease, but it is less valuable in monitoring the treatment effect. The ability of danazol to suppress CA-125 expression emphasizes the specific properties of this drug.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1986

Prolonged exercise causes an increase in the activity of galactosylhydroxylysyl glucosyltransferase and in the concentration of type III procollagen aminopropeptide in human serum.

The effect of prolonged heavy physical exercise on serum galactosylhydroxylysyl glucosyltransferase activity (S-GGT) and serum type III procollagen aminoterminal propeptide (S-Pro(III)-N-P) concentration was studied in healthy male long-distance runners. S-GGT increased gradually by about 70% (p less than 0.01) during a competitive 24-h run, and a rising trend was also observed in S-Pro(III)-N-P. After the termination of the run S-GGT was normalized in two days, but the increase in S-Pro(III)-N-P continued up to one day after the race, reaching nearly 40% (p less than 0.005). The alterations in S-GGT and S-Pro(III)-N-P showed no significant correlation with S-CK, S-LDH or the distance run. The most likely explanation for the increases in S-GGT and S-Pro(III)-N-P is that prolonged heavy exercise injures the collagen-synthesizing cells of the connective tissue, leading to a short-term increase in type III procollagen production.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Some cardiovascular and metabolic effects of repeated sauna bathing.

Ten healthy male volunteers were exposed to the dry heat of a Finnish sauna (+80 degrees C) for 1 h twice a day for a period of 7 days. After each exposure rectal temperature rose by 0.8-1.1 degrees C and body weight dropped by 0.7-0.9 kg. The systolic blood pressure recorded 3-5 min after the sauna did not change during the experiments but the diastolic blood pressure decreased by 7-37 mmHg (P less than 0.05). The pulse rate rose from 75-80 to 106-116 beats min-1 (P less than 0.05) after the sauna. The increased responses of pulse and temperature adapted to heat exposures so that they were significantly lower after the 3rd day (rectal temperature) or after 6th day (pulse). Metabolic rate increased by 25-33% (P less than 0.01) after the first day. Serum total proteins, Hb and Htc were significantly increased on the 1st and 3rd days but not later, although the dehydration in response to sauna was unchanged as judged from the weight losses. Serum K, Na and Fe were significantly decreased on the 3rd and 7th day indicating that special attention should be given to the electrolyte balance in long-lasting intense heat exposure. No ECG changes were found in recordings taken on the 7th day.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Endocrine effects of repeated sauna bathing.

Ten healthy male and seven female volunteers were exposed to dry heat (in a Finnish sauna 80 degrees C) 1 h twice a day for 7 days. The levels of ACTH in plasma, cortisol, TSH, thyroid hormones, testosterone, gonadotropins, prolactin and GH in serum and urinary excretion of catecholamines were determined before the experiment, and on the first, third and seventh days. Females participated only in prolactin studies. During the experiments there were no statistically significant changes in serum thyroid hormones, TSH, testosterone, FSH and LH levels. Serum cortisol and plasma ACTH decreased and urinary catecholamine increased slightly at the end of the experiment (P less than 0.05). Serum GH and prolactin in males exhibited 16- and 2.3-fold increases (P less than 0.01), respectively. In females serum prolactin rose over four-fold (P less than 0.01). The GH rise in response to hyperthermia declined after the third day but prolactin remained elevated at the end of the experiments in males. The release of prolactin in females was also high and may be associated with the transient amenorrhoea that occurred in five out of seven subjects after the experiment. The increased release of prolactin and perhaps that of GH may be associated to the heat-exposure-induced dehydration.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1986

Liberation of muscle carbonic anhydrase into serum during extensive exercise.

A sensitive radioimmunoassay method for measurement of human carbonic anhydrase III (CA III), a specific enzyme of skeletal muscle, was established. The effect of 24-h competitive running on serum CA III (S-CA III) was studied in healthy male long-distance runners. S-CA III increased gradually during the first 18 h 410-fold above the initial values. No further increase was observed during the last 6 h. On a day after the termination of the race S-CA III was not statistically different from the initial value. The activity of serum creatine kinase (S-CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (S-LDH) increased gradually through the run being elevated also 1 or 2 days afterward. The lack of increase in S-CA III during the last hours of exercise, and more rapid decrease afterward than in S-CK or S-LDH, may reflect differences in the rates of penetration through the sarcolemma and different degrees of injury in different fiber types or in the half-lives of these enzymes in serum.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Tumor-associated antigen Ca 125 before and during the treatment of ovarian carcinoma.

Serum concentrations of Ca 125, a tumor-associated antigen of epithelial ovarian cancer, were measured in 29 ovarian cancer patients before cytoreductive surgery and in 112 patients during and after treatment. Ca 125 levels were increased (greater than 30 IU/mL) in 89.8% of patients with clinically demonstrable ovarian tumors and were negative in 92.1% of clinically disease-free patients. Low levels of Ca 125 were associated with early clinical stages or a minimal tumor burden, and predicted a successful response to treatment and a low recurrence rate. High values indicated advanced disease and a poor response to cytotoxic chemotherapy. In 77% of patients the operation was explorative, with a preoperative Ca 125 level higher than 1000 IU/mL, whereas all the patients with values less than 100 IU/mL could be operated radically. Serum levels of Ca 125 were increased in similar frequency in epithelial, sex cord, and germ cell ovarian malignancies. The assay of Ca 125 seems to be a reliable noninvasive method for monitoring the presence and clinical behavior of ovarian cancer. Preoperative values have prognostic significance in predicting operability and response to chemotherapy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Purification and localization of human carbonic anhydrase. III. Typing of skeletal muscle fibers in paraffin embedded sections.

Three different isoenzymes of human carbonic anhydrase are now well characterized. Carbonic anhydrase I and II have been known for several years and are located in high amounts in red blood cells as well as in many other tissues. Carbonic anhydrase III, a protein showing CO2 hydratase and p-nitrophenylphosphatase activity was isolated from skeletal muscle some years ago. Earlier observations based on enzyme activity and radioimmunoassay studies have suggested that this protein is present in greater quantities in red skeletal muscles than in white ones. We have purified CA III from human soleus muscle and using obtained monospecific polyclonal antibody localized this protein in the same muscle fibers which show acid resistant ATPase activity. Using this protein as a marker for type I muscle fibers, fiber classification into type I and II could now be done also from paraffin embedded sections.

Carbonic Anhydrases↗
PubMed1984

Maternal and umbilical cord plasma noradrenaline concentrations during labour with and without segmental extradural analgesia, and during caesarean section.

Serial measurements of maternal and umbilical cord plasma noradrenaline concentrations were obtained in 10 patients undergoing normal vaginal delivery with segmental extradural analgesia, in 10 patients undergoing normal vaginal delivery without extradural analgesia, and in 12 patients undergoing elective Caesarean section under general anaesthesia. Maternal noradrenaline concentrations increased significantly during delivery in all three groups, the peak concentrations occurring at delivery. However, the increase in the maternal noradrenaline concentration during delivery in the extradural group was lower than in the non-extradural group (P less than 0.05). Umbilical venous and arterial concentrations of noradrenaline were lower after Caesarean section than after vaginal delivery. However, extradural analgesia did not affect the fetal noradrenaline concentrations. Since noradrenaline is probably required for the adaptation of the newborn to extrauterine life, the unaltered fetal response may be beneficial.

Anesthesia, Epidural↗
PubMed1984

Safety and effects of potassium- and magnesium-containing low sodium salt mixtures.

The main purpose of the present studies was to examine the safety of salt mixtures in which 35 or 55% of the NaCl in common table salt was replaced by potassium and magnesium salts. For 41 elderly hospitalized patients common salt from the hospital kitchen was replaced by Na+-K+-Mg2+ salt for 3-5 weeks; for in 85 drug-treated outpatients home use of NaCl was replaced by the use of Na+-K+-Mg2+ salt for 6 months. The patients' acceptance of the Na+-K+-Mg2+ salt was good. No metabolic or other side effects could be detected while the salt was being used. Na+-K+-Mg2+ salt was associated with a fall in blood pressure in drug-treated hypertensive patients, a rise in serum magnesium and in previously low serum potassium concentrations, a fall in raised fasting blood glucose levels, and an improvement in oral glucose tolerance. The results demonstrate that a considerable part of the NaCl in common table salt could be replaced by potassium and magnesium salts without causing potassium or magnesium toxicity. The results also lend support to the concept that an increase in potassium and magnesium intake and a decrease in sodium intake may have beneficial effects in a substantial number of people.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Effects of impulse noise and continuous steady state noise on hearing.

In this study the effects on hearing induced by occupational exposure to impulse noise were compared with those induced by exposure to continuous steady state noise. Three groups exposed to impulse noise, one group exposed to continuous steady state noise, and an unexposed control group were studied. The hearing thresholds of the groups were measured by a puretone audiometer three times in two workdays. None of the groups showed significant differences between the hearing thresholds measured in the morning, at midday, and in the afternoon. Group 1 with the shortest duration of exposure and group 2 with the intermediate duration of exposure to impulse noise had the highest thresholds at 6000 Hz in both ears. Group 3 with the longest duration of exposure to impulse noise had the highest thresholds asymmetrically, at 4000 Hz in the left ear and at 6000 Hz in the right ear. The group exposed to continuous steady state noise also had the highest thresholds asymmetrically, in the left ear at 6000 Hz. It was concluded that the longer the duration of exposure to impulse noise the wider the region of the frequencies that showed raised threshold shifts in both ears. Impulse noise seemed to produce permanent threshold shifts at 4000 and 6000 Hz after a shorter duration of exposure than continuous steady state noise.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Amniotic fluid norepinephrine concentration as an indicator of fetal sympathetic nervous activity. Effect of pregnancy complications.

The concentrations of norepinephrine in amniotic fluid and maternal plasma were measured in 71 third trimester pregnancies, 31 of which were uncomplicated and 40 complicated. The amniotic fluid norepinephrine concentration (mean +/- SD) in cases of hypertension treated with clonidine (0.4 +/- 0.1 ng/ml, n = 12) and in insulin-dependent diabetes (0.5 +/- 0.2 ng/ml, n = 7) was lower, and in renal insufficiency (1.7 +/- 0.8 ng/ml, n = 8) higher than in control subjects (0.7 +/- 0.4 ng/ml, n = 31). In fetal-growth retardation (0.6 +/- 0.2 ng/ml, n = 8) and in latent diabetes (0.7 +/- 0.2 ng/ml, n = 5) the values were similar to those in the control subjects. There was a significant positive correlation between mature lecithin-sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio and norepinephrine concentration. Clonidine-treated hypertension was associated with decreased (0.2 +/- 0.1 ng/ml) and renal insufficiency with increased (0.9 +/- 0.7 ng/ml) maternal plasma norepinephrine concentrations (control group, 0.3 +/- 0.1 ng/ml). The present results indicate that measurement of catecholamines in amniotic fluid can be useful in the evaluation of fetal sympathoadrenal function.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1984

Lipid peroxides, prostacyclin, and thromboxane A2 in runners during acute exercise.

We studied the effect of physical activity on lipid peroxidation and on the production of antiaggregatory, vasodilatory prostacyclin (epoprostenol, PGI2) and its endogenous antagonist, thromboxane A2 (TxA2) in 10 well-trained long-distance runners before, during, and after maximal exercise on a cycle ergometer. Pre-exercise levels of lipid peroxides (2.0 +/- 0.4 mumol X l-1, means +/- SD), plasma immunoreactive 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha (i 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, a metabolite of PGI2) (192.8 +/- 51.7 pmol X l), and serum immunoreactive thromboxane B2 (i TxB2, a metabolite of TxA2) (703.3 +/- 290.1 nmol X l) did not differ from those of 10 non-athletic controls. Plasma i 6-keto-PGF1 alpha was increased at the seventh minute of the exercise test, but not any more at the end of the exercise or 30 min later. Lipid peroxides or i TxB2 did not change. Our data suggest that the changes of the PGI2/TxA2-ratio induced by long-term or acute physical exercise are too small to explain the protective effect of physical fitness against coronary heart disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

The effect of caffeine on placental and fetal blood flow in human pregnancy.

The effects of maternal ingestion of two cups of coffee were investigated in 20 pregnancies during the last trimester. Maternal serum caffeine and epinephrine concentrations after 30 minutes were significantly elevated as compared with the fasting values (p less than 0.01). The intervillous placental blood flow decreased almost significantly (p less than 0.05). The fetal umbilical vein blood flow was unchanged. In patients with hypertensive pregnancy in the series there was reduced intervillous blood flow initially, and these values did not change after the maternal caffeine intake. The decrease of placental blood supply and increased maternal serum epinephrine levels associated with maternal coffee ingestion may be potential perinatologic risks, and more investigation about caffeine effects in human pregnancy is needed.

Blood Pressure↗