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Biomedical subjects

J Vorosmarti

Publications and source records attributed to J Vorosmarti.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1981

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy.

The administration of pure oxygen at higher than atmospheric pressure (hyperbaric oxygen) had been found useful as a primary method of treatment or as adjunctive therapy in a variety of disorders. Hyperbaric oxygen increases the oxygen available to hypoxic or anoxic tissues; in the case of anaerobic infections, it provides an environment in which the organisms cannot survive. The treatment should be started in the acute stage of the disorders for which it is indicated. Therefore, the family physician should be familiar with the uses of hyperbaric oxygen therapy and should be aware of a treatment facility in his area.

Anemia↗
PubMed1979

Influence of increased gas density and external resistance on maximum expiratory flow.

The effect of external resistance on the relationship of expiratory air flow and intrathoracic and mouth pressure on subjects breathing gas of increased density was investigated. Five subjects breathing air performed multiple maximum forced expiratory maneuvers through orifices of various sizes at 1, 4, and 7 ATA in a standard double-lock compression chamber. Measurements of flow and pleural, mouthpiece, and transpulmonary pressures were made, and flow-volume and pressure-volume curves were constructed and analyzed at 75, 50, 35, and 25% of vital capacity. At each lung volume, maximum flow could be maintained until a certain orifice size was reached. This "limiting orifice" was 7.5--10 mm in diameter and did not change with lung volume or density. Under the conditions studied, this finding leads to the conclusion that the flow-limiting segment of the lungs behaved as a rigid orifice less than 10 mm in diameter. Orifices slightly larger than the limiting orifice increased pleural pressure, as expected, but transpulmonary pressure decreased while the flow remained stable, which indicates that airway compression may be lessened by increased intra-airway pressure.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Reduction of the incidence of decompression sickness in rats by smooth-muscle activating factor (SMAF).

Normal rats were injected with a smooth-muscle activating factor (SMAF) to examine the dose-response relationshio of SMAF to the incidence of decompression sickness. After injections of saline or 1.0, 5.0, or 10.0 mg/kg SMAF, the animals were compressed to 6 ATA breathing air for 1 h and were then rapidly decompressed to 1 ATA. Results indicate that predive injections of SMAF or exposure to the SMAF substance protected rats against decompression sickness and that higher doses appear to offer more protection.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Nitrogen elimination during steady-state hyperbaric exposures.

Nitrogen elimination was measured in six divers during steady-state exposures in an oxygen-nitrogen atmosphere at 1, 2, and 3 ATA using both oxy-helium and pure O2 as washout gases. This was accomplished by using mass spectrometry to measure the expired N2 concentration breath-by-breath over periods of 120 min in all experimental conditions except for O2 breathing at 3 ATA, which was limited to 30-min periods. In all cases the area under the elimination curve increased with pressure. Total area under the curve was also greater when breathing O2 than when breathing oxy-helium, but this difference decreased with depth and washout time. Nitrogen elimination on a semilogarithmic plot falls rapidly during the first four minutes and then shows a slow linear fall for the remainder of the measurement period. Effective elimination of nitrogen decreased with depth and oxygen was more effective than oxy-helium in washing out nitrogen at all depths studied. Possible causes of the different variations noted in the washout curves during the experiment are discussed.

Atmospheric Pressure↗