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Biomedical subjects

J Voigt

Publications and source records attributed to J Voigt.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Effect of high-carbohydrate diet in the form of sugar beet on glucose and ketone body levels in the blood serum of highly pregnant and freshly lactating cows].

In an experiment using 24 high-yielding cows (3rd and 6th lactations), group II was fed sugar beet as carbohydrate source (2 kg DM per animal and day) for 4 weeks before and for 4 weeks after parturition, whilst group I was given the equivalent amount of dried spent beet pulp. Sugar beet feeding during the dry period caused the glucose level in the blood to rise significantly from 48 to 55 mg/100 ml. On the 21st day of lactation the glucose concentration in group II (27 mg) had declined more strongly than in group I (37 mg). Feeding large amounts of easily soluble carbohydrates during the dry period obviously inhibits gluconeogenesis during early lactation. The ketone body level of group II was found to rise to 14 mg/100 ml by the 21st day of lactation (group I--4 mg), a level indicative of ketosis. The ketogenous action (strong formation of butyric acid in the rumen) of sugar beet enhances this effect, too. The daily milk yield did not vary much coming to 26.8 and 27.8 kg in the control and in the experimental group, respectively. The results allow to conclude that feeding fresh sugar beet to high-yielding cows just before and shortly after parturition is not advisable.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1977

Histopathology of the conduction system in patients with atrioventricular or intraventricular conduction disturbances.

In 9 lethal cases where clinical signs gave rise to the suspicion of acute myocardial infarct (AMI) where well-characterized e.c.g.-changes, permanent or intermittent, were found by monitoring, a very careful autopsy of the heart was carried out, combined with a meticulous histological investigation of the conduction system. Acute changes of mild degree in the conduction system were found only in one case, possibly explaining the left bundle branch block found in this case. In the remaining cases, nothing but chronic changes were found and they did not exceed significantly the changes otherwise to be found in the agegroups concerned in a "control series" of violent deaths not preceded by symptoms of heart disease. According to an estimate there was good correlation between the conduction disturbances demonstrated and the localization of histopathological changes in seven of nine patients; in one of the latter correlation was relatively good; correlation was dubious only in one case. On this basis the authors conclude that present changes in the conduction system which are assumed mainly to be age-related, are the factors to determine the type of conduction disturbances from which the patient will suffer if acute heart ischaemia sets in, for instance due to an AMI, in fact, changes by which he will be predisposed to such disturbances.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

[Preoperative analysis of the gastric secretion as guidance for the operative procedure of peptic jejunal ulcers (author's transl)].

The development of a peptic jejunal ulcer after partial gastrectomy may result either from a technical deficiency of the anastomotic region, a seldom-occurring gastrin producing tumor, a displacement of the pyloric antrum into the alkaline milieu of the duodenal stump, an abnormally high vagus tone, or from too low a resection. In 17 out of 32 patients with a peptic jejunal ulcer preoperative gastric secretion analysis were performed during consecutive stimulation of the gastric secretion by gastrin-pentapeptide, histalog, and insulin-induced hypoglycemia. A high basal secretion, which could only be minimally stimulated by exogenous gastrin, required the operative revision of the duodenal stump. A vagotomy was found to be sufficient in patients reacting strongly to hypoglycemia and moderately to gastrin-pentapeptide or histalog. A hypersecretion after stimulation by gastrin-pentapeptide, histalog as well as by hypoglycemia was an indication for a re-resection of the gastric stump. The latter was combined with vagotomy if both the basal and the stimulated secretion values were found to be increased to higher levels. Up to now the postoperative conditions of the patients seem to give support to the procedure applied. It should be possible to reduce the operative letality of the re-resection of peptic jejunal ulcers on the basis of the aforementioned careful selection. Out of the 32 patients of this study only one was lost.

Duodenum↗
PubMed1976

[The protozoa population in the rumen of fattening bulls fed varying feed and the effect of artificial transfer of protozoa].

High protozoa concentrations were found in the ruminal fluid of fattening bulls weighing 400 kg which were raised for the first five months of age in a large-size calf-raising plant. The ruminal fluid of these bulls, however, contained no protozoa of the group Holotricha. If the animals were fed a mixture of concentrates and pelleted straw (pH 6, 12.5 mMole of volatile fatty acids per 100 ml) 1 ml of the ruminal fluid was found to contain 827,000 protozoa whereas if the animals received rations rich in concentrates (pH 5.8, 14 mMole of volatile fatty acids) 1 ml of ruminal fluid contained only 578,000. Through protozoa transfer carried out by infusing 41 of a mixture of ruminal fluid from other cows per animal it was possible to settle other species, viz. Isotricha, Dasytricha and Ophryoscolex; this, in turn, produced a concomitant decrease in the number of Entodinium and a noticeable decline in the total protozoa population. Further work will be necessary to find out whether it would be advisable to influence the protozoa population of growing cattle kept in large-size cow plants in similar ways as described above.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1976

[The effect of straw in ground and pelleted form on the rumen fermentation and protozoa].

Cows possessing a large ruminal fistula were fed straw meal and pelleted wheat straw to investigate its effect on ruminal fermentation (concentration of NH3 and volatile fatty acids (FFS), pH, molar proportions of FFS, rates of FFS production) and on the protozoa population. The straw-concentrate mixture used in the present trial contained 40% of straw. The feeding of pelleted straw produced a significant rise in FFS concentrations (from 8.8. to 12.3 mMole/100 ml) and a corresponding decline of pH (from 6.7 to 6.1). With high molar proportions of acetate (72 mole%) the influence of the straw diet on molar FFS proportions was low. The NH3 peak observed 1 hr after feeding was higher with the pelleted straw than with the straw meal. The feeding of finely gound straw produced a higher level of FFS production (by 10%) than that of straw pellets. (3.88 and 4.29 mMole per gm DM). The number of protozoa (per ml of ruminal fluid) was 335,000 (straw meal) and 121,833 (pellets). The number of large infusorial cells (Isotricha, Diplodinium, Ophryoscolex) decreased correspondingly from 70,000 (straw meal) to 18,870 per ml (pellets). These results suggest that the feeding of pelleted straw-concentrate mixtures to cows as sole feed will not bring about optimum conditions for ruminal fermentation (FFS formation, protein synthesis) and for the layering of ruminal contents.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1975

A comparative study of the 50S ribosomal subunit and several 50S subparticles in EF-T-and EF-G-dependent activities.

A series of ribosomal subparticles derived from the 50S subunit has been studied and compared in EF-T- and EF-G-dependent reactions. Three different 50S cores were prepared by CsC1 isophycnic centrifugation and one by NH(4)Cl-ethanol extractionm the 50S CsCl core a had lost proteins L1, L7, L8, L10, L12, L16, L25, L33, and some L6 and L11. The 50S CsCl core b additionally lacked protein L6, and 50S CsCl core c also lacked protein L5, L15, L18, L27, L28, L30, and most of L9, L14, L19, and L21. The 50S NH(4)Cl-ethanol core had lost up to 90 percent of proteins L7, L12 and 30-60 percent of proteins L8, L10, and L29. The 50S CsCl core a had much reduced activity in EF-G and none in EF-T GTPase reactions while 50S CsCl cores b and c were inactive. Addition of proteins L7, L12 restored the activity for both the EF-T- and EF-G-dependent GTPase with all of the three 50S CsCl cores, increasing stepwise from core c to core a; The 50S NH(4)Cl-ethanol core was partially active in the EF-G GTPase over the 2-30 mM MG-2+ range tested, while EF-T only showed some activity inthe upper portion of this range...

Bacterial Proteins↗
PubMed1975

[Studies of the influence of nutritional factors on the ruminal mucosa. 1. Structure and functional state of the ruminal mucosa after feeding of extreme rations and abrupt change in nutrition].

Different rations were used in successive experimental periods (Dried green feeds (I), fresh green feed from sugar beet tops (II), concentrates (III, IV), and maize silage (V), to test the effect they have on the structure and oxidative functions of the ruminal mucosa in cattle. Rations I, II, IV, and V were both energy and protein equivalent. Biopsy specimens from ruminal papillae were taken on the day when rations were suddenly changed and on the 21st and 22nd day of the feeding period; they were then investigated histologically and manometrically. It was found that some characteristics, (viz. the type and thickness of the stratum corneum, the thickness of epithelia, the size of cell nuclei in the stratum basale of the epitheliumas well as the state of the lamina propria and the oxygen uptake were subject to alterations depending on nutrition. Nutrition with energy-equivalent, but otherwise extremely different diets representing particular types of rations led to the development of different and quite specific functional states of the ruminal mucosa. All these functional states of the mucosa were found to be within the limits of normality but seemed to have a definitely more favourable functional effect in the case of rations I and IV than in the case of rations II and V. The feeding of concentrates (III, V) increased the energy intake to an amount of 6.6 kEFr, i.e. double that of the other rations, and brought about changes in quantitative parameters. These, in turn, indicated that proliferative and oxidative processes had been stimulated. Changes of this kind were accompanied by increases in the concentration of volatile fatty acids in the ruminal fluid which rose from a maximum of 9 mMol per 100 ml (ration IV) to 12.5 mMol per 100 ml (ration III). Immediately after any change in nutrition brought about by a change of rations, processes of adaptation occurred in the ruminal mucosa. A balanced state of the mucosa was again achieved after a period of not more than 3 weeks.

Animal Feed↗