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Biomedical subjects

J Viljanto

Publications and source records attributed to J Viljanto.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Fibronectin in early phases of wound healing in children.

Fibronectin, an adhesive glycoprotein, was demonstrated with the Cellstic device in healing wounds of 13 children after routine surgery. An indirect immunofluorescent method was adapted to cytological and histological specimens made from the Cellstic sponges 1 to 92 hours after operation. As early as one hour after Cellstic implantation some bright fluorescent spots could be seen in the cytological specimens, although cell morphology still fully resembled to that of peripheral blood. The intensity of the fibronectin fluorescence increased rapidly until the maximum was reached 24-48 hours after surgery. Thereafter the fluorescence gradually decreased to the level of the first hours. Rapid appearance of fibronectin, its abundance on the second day and gradual diminution upon the activation of type I collagen synthesis indicate its role as a biological guide for localization of cellular activity in wound repair.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Ectopia cordis.

Ectopia cordis is a rare congenital anomaly with an unknown incidence. The heart lies totally or partially outside the thoracic cage. Sternal cleft without cardiac protrusion outside the thorax is not included. The condition is often associated with various cardiac and extracardiac anomalies. During the period 1968-1978 three cases of thoracic total ectopia cordis were encountered. Surgical correction was unsuccessful. This has been the outcome in all but one case of thoracic forms of total ectopia cordis reported earlier in the literature.

Heart Defects, Congenital↗
PubMed1980

Disinfection of surgical wounds without inhibition of normal wound healing.

The goal of disinfection of surgical wounds is to destroy as large a number as possible of the microbes that have made their way into the surgical wounds during the time of surgery, without disturbing the normal wound-healing process. It is not a substitute for preoperative disinfection of the skin or aseptic technique, but makes it possible to further decrease the rate of infection in slightly or moderately contaminated wounds. This was shown with a series of 294 pediatric surgical patients, 283 of whom had undergone appendectomy. A 5% povidone-iodine solution, especially in combination with excipients, was too strong, whereas a 1% povidone-iodine solution without excipients applied to the surgical wound was safe from the standpoint of wound healing, and decresed the number of wound infections in those patients with appendicitis in whom neither peritonitis nor periappendicular abscess had yet developed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Burn injuries in Finland.

In the present investigation the burn injuries in Finland are estimated for a non-selected burns population. Annually 0.4% of the population seek medical care for burn injuries. The incidence of burns cases requiring hospital admission is 35/10(5) inhabitants/year. After initial treatment in the emergency ward, approximately 10% of burned adults and up to 25% of burned children are hospitalized. Of all burns cases requiring hospitalization, 55% are children under 15, 40% are adults of working age and only 5% are over 65 years of age. Men comprise two-thirds of the patients. The estimated bed capacity according to data collected is 20 per one million inhabitants (16 in the case of a continuous 100% load): 12 for adults and 8 for children. Of all the fatalities from burns, approximately 70% of deaths occur immediately from injury. The overall hospital mortality of burned adults is 5%, and 1% in children. The most typical burned child is a toddler with a burn covering less than 5% of the skin surface. The average burned adult in hospital is a man of 42 with 12% burn of total skin surface (3% of third degree) and who is discharged after 17 days of hospitalization.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Local hyperalimentation of experimental granulation tissue.

The effect of local hyperalimentation on developing granulation tissue was studied in rats. Cylindrical hollow viscose cellulose sponge implants were used subcutaneously as an inductive matrix fro the growth of granulation tissue. In the first, control group the implants were kept untouched while the second, "sham" group was treated daily by withdrawing 1 ml of wound fluid from the central dead space of the implant and then injecting the fluid back. In the third, hyperalimentation group the aspirated wound fluid was substituted with a corresponding volume of sterile, nonpyrogenic solution containing a mixture of amino acids (Le-7402 A) and glucose, electrolytes and vitamins (Le-7402 B). Within the first week of tissue growth daily application of these nutritional substances caused a changeover of local tissue from predominantly anaerobic towards more oxidative metabolism. Measurement of nucleic acid and hydroxyproline contents indicated enhanced accumulation of cells and collagen in tissues receiving local hyperalimentation. The results combined with earlier data from our laboratory strongly suggest that several types of wounds, especially those containing a marked dead space or large regenerative area, exist in chronic lack of oxygen and other nutrients. Therefore, the healing process in these wounds can be stimulated, to a certain extent, by exposure to increased oxygen tension and/or by local hyperalimentation.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1976

Local hyperalimentation of open wounds.

After débridement of necrotized and devitalized tissue in deep burns and large traumatic soft tissue defects, the raw surfaces were covered with separate sheets of viscose cellulose sponge (VCS), each moistened by continuous slow infusion of one of the following solutions: (a) 0-9 per cent NaCl; (b) 10 per cent glucose; (c) Rheomacrodex (dextrane hydrolysate in 0-9 per cent NaCl); (d) 7 per cent Levamin (a mixture of essential amino acids and glycin in 5 per cent sorbitol; (e) a combination of two solutions containing amino acids (Le-7402 A) and glucose, electrolytes and vitamins (Le-7402 B). The cellulose sponges were removed or changed 3-7 days later. Macroscopically, histologically and enzyme histochemically, the most active granulation tissue formation was found under the VCS moistened with amino acid solutions, especially when accompanied by glucose and vitamin supplementation. The results strongly suggest that local cellular hyperalimentation of open raw wound surfaces is possible, permitting a new kind of nutritional support in these patients.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1976

Wound healing in children as assessed by the CELLSTIC method.

Assessment of the quality and speed of wound healing in man has been rather difficult until the present time. By the use of CEELSTIC, a tissue-sensitive test drain composed of a standardized piece of viscose cellulose sponge inside a thin Silastic tube, cells existing between wound edges can be analyzed by histologic, cytologic, and enzyme histochemical means. The 166 pediatric surgical patients studied showed that wound healing is an age-dependent process reflected by the increased time needed for cellular transformation and maximal activation of hexokinase and isocitrate dehydrogenase with increasing age.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1976

Cellular patterns in the early phase of healing wounds in children.

Cellular patterns of the healing incisional wound were studied in 55 pediatric surgical patients by the CELLSTIC method. This wound drain, specially developed for this purpose, consists af a standard-sized, viscose cellulose sponge, inside a thin silicone rubber tube. When left between the wound edges, wound exudate flows outwards through the drain, allowing its cells to attach to the sponge surface. The sponge serves as a framework where the cells may migrate, divide and transform. During the first 12 hours the cellular pattern in the sponge resembles that of peripheral blood, whereafter the number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, almost exclusively neutrophils, gradually increases. Later on lymphocytes and monocytes invade. The first fibroblasts were seen at the end of the third postoperative day.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1975

Regeneration of subcutaneous connective tissue in children. A histological study with application of the CELLSTIC device.

Cellular patterns of healing subcutaneous connective tissue were studied histologically in 22 pediatric surgical patients using the CELLSTIC device. This wound drain, specially developed for this purpose, consists of a standardized, viscose cellulose sponge inside a thin silicone rubber tube. When left between the wound edges, wound exudate flows through the drain, allowing its cells to attach themselves to the sponge surface. The sponge serves as a framework within which the cells may migrate, divide and transform. During the first 12 h the cellular pattern in the sponge resembles that of peripheral blood, whereafter the number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, almost exclusively neutrophils, gradually increases. Later on, monocytes, macrophages and lymphocytes invade. Fibroblasts were usually seen at the end of the third day postoperatively, but in some cases the first fibroblasts appeared even earlier. CELLSTIC neither disturbs normal wound healing nor increases the rate of wound infections. CELLSTIC, as a cell culture in situ, provides a practical way to study human connective tissue regeneration under both physiological and pathological conditions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Foetal connective tissue regeneration. A biochemical study in rabbits.

Foetal connective tissue regeneration was studied by implanting 3 x 10 mm cylindrical viscose cellulose sponges subcutaneously in foetal, newborn, and full-grown rabbits. The implants were removed 2 to 7 days later, the foetal implants all being removed after delivery, and were analysed biochemically. In foetal implants a rapid accumulation of soluble forms of collagen took place, while the relative amount of other tissue proteins remained rather low. Connective tissue regeneration of the newborns ressembled, in this respect, that of the full-growns. The results suggest an enhanced production of miniature type collagen in the context of foetal connective tissue regeneration.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Remodelling after femoral shaft fracture in children.

Fifty-two children in the 1-14 year age range who had a femoral fracture and were treated by traction and casting, were re-examined 2-17 years later. The results of radiological measurements of femoral length and alignment are analysed by computer. The femoral over-growth following fracture 10.7+/-6.6 mm, did not depend on site or dislocation of fracture. Lateral dislocation completely corrected, varus deformity on an average only up to 40% and valgus deformity up to 60% of the initial defect. Minor deviations corrected less. Repairing continued for over 5 years. Ante- and recurvatum could correct nearly 70%, if the original deformity was over 10 degrees, otherwise less. In neither plane was the correction of axial deviation influenced by site or type of fracture. There were individual cases of complete correction of axial dislocation and cases of complete failure to correct.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Indications and results of operative treatment of femoral shaft fractures in children.

In the literature a number of risks due to operative treatment of femoral shaft fracture in children have been reported and justification for such treatment has been thrown into doubt. In our patient series 35 out of 191 children (18%) with femoral shaft fracture were treated by operation, 18 by intramedullary nailing, 16 by other means of osteosynthesis and one crushed extremity by primary amputation. No infections occurred. Nineteen patients of these were re-examined 4.5 to 13.9 years later. Eleven of them had no subjective complaints. Weakness of the fractured limb was suffered by 2 in normal life and by an additional 6 patients in hard exercise. Muscle atrophy of the thigh, more than 2 cm in circumference, was found in 9 patients. Mean longitudinal overgrowth of the fractured femur treated by operation was 9.8 mm corresponding to 10.7 mm in 52 patients treated by traction and casting. Overgrowth of 7.2 mm in intramedullary nailed patients was significantly less (P less than 0.001) than 13.5 mm in those treated by other means of osteosynthesis. A rigid fixation of the fracture partly prevented later spontaneous correction of angulation. Based on the results gained by previous author and from this study a list of indications for osteosynthesis of femoral shaft fracture in children is considered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Bicycle and moped spoke injuries in children. Analysis of 103 consecutive cases.

The series consists of 60 boys and 43 girls, aged from 1 to 14 years, mean 4.95 years, whose right (42) or left (61) foot was caught between the bicycle (97) or moped (6) spokes. The skin was involved with ankle sprain, with fracture or without other injuries in 97 children; lateral aspect of the ankle and foot in 65 and heel in 21 patients. The X-rays revealed 10 tibial fractures, 4 fractures of the tibia and fibula, one fracture of the medial malleolus, one of the lateral malleolus and one bimalleolar fracture. Hence an X-ray of the leg should always be taken. Twenty-six patients were treated on the ward, 77 as outpatients. The mean total time of healing in the group as a whole was 25 days and 44 days in patients having a fracture. Heel avulsion injuries caused by the spokes need special attention. The vitality of the crushed and dirty, caudally or medially based skin flap is minimal and very often yields a marginal or total necrosis if primary suture is done.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1975

Significance of histopathological findings in Dupuytren's contracture.

Clinical and histopathological data were compared in a series of 59 patients with Dupuytren's contracture (DC) from the years 1946-1971 in order to clarify whether histopathological findings were in accordance with the clinical development of the disease. All well known histopathological features were inspected. The most valuable prognostic sign seemed to be the appearance of several active nodules, indicating rather rapid development of DC, with a high frequency of postoperative recurrence in these patients. Lack of active nodules did not exclude this possibility but made it less likely. Other occasional findings typical of DC such as the number of mitoses, microhaemorrhages, perivascular lymphocytic infiltrations and hypertrophied corpuscles of Vater-Paccini seemed to be of minor prognostic value. Mucopolysaccharides from DC tissue showed metachromasia with toluidine blue did not stain with HID-AB (high iron diamine-alcian blue) as HID positive in specimens preserved embedded in paraffin blocks for several years.

Adult↗