Biomedical subjects

J Válka

Publications and source records attributed to J Válka.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1995

[Personal experience with surgery of retrosternal goiter].

BACKGROUND: Retrosternal goitre has its specific features: a clinical picture with elements of compression, an increased percentage of malignant conversion, a technically more pretentious operation with an increased number of complications etc. Data in the literature are not uniform. The objective of the presented work was to assemble information in a large group of operated patients. METHODS AND RESULTS: The authors evaluated retrospectively operations of retrosternal goitres from two clinical departments. Of 716 patients operated on account of goitre 87 (21.1%) had retrosternal goitre. Women were affected more frequently (84%) than men (16%), ratio 5.2:1; the mean age of women was 66 years, of men 56 years. A malignant finding was confirmed in 4.6% of the operated patients. The most frequent finding was benign adenomatous colloid goitre (8.5%) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (80.4%). Hyperthyroidism of the Graves-Basedow type (4.6%) and benign hyperthyroidism of the Plummer type (2.3%) were not frequent. Type of malignity: papillary carcinoma (3.45%) and follicular carcinoma (1.15%); medullary carcinoma, anaplastic carcinoma or lymphoma were not found. The most frequent surgical approach was cervical incision (Kocher) in 95.4%; it had to be supplemented by sternotomy only in 4.6% of the operated patients. As far as the extent of surgery is concerned, almost total thyroidectomy was performed in 60.9%, total lobectomy in 2.3%, subtotal thyroidectomy in 32.2% and subtotal lobectomy in 4.6% of the patients. 24.1% of the patients developed complications, only in 5.7% they were permanent. One female patient died (1.2%). CONCLUSIONS: Retrosternal goitre accounted for cca 20% of patients operated on account of goitre. In cca 5% histology confirmed a malignant form (papillary and follicular carcinoma). Sternotomy was necessary only in less than 5% of the operated patients. The results of surgery are very good.

Aged↗

PubMed1995

[Effects of the most frequently used solutions and ointments in routine surgical practice].

The authors tested the effect of local antiseptics commonly used at the Clinic of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery in Brno on bacteria which most frequently infect extensive skin defects. The experiments were carried out in vitro and in vivo in a group of experimental animals. In vivo the effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was investigated, in vitro also the effect on Proteus mirabilis. The authors found that 0.1% Persteril, Peru balsam, and Dermazine ung./Lek Co./exerted a very favourable effect on the tested microorganisms. A weaker effect was recorded after Vishnevsky balsam and 0.5% Rivanol. 0.5% gentian violet and 3% boricacid had no effect on P. aeruginosa, 0.05% permanganate and 2% Jodonal had no effect on staphylococci.

Animals↗

PubMed1994

Microsurgical reconstruction of traumatic defects on the lower extremities.

Out of 167 free transfers 90 were applied to the lower extremities, i.e. 75 for injuries, 11 for an osteomyelitis and 4 for cancer. For these transfers were used the following 15 types of flaps; 37 from the forearm, 15 m. latissimus, 12 m. serratus ant. sup., 6 scapular, 4 fibula, 4 from the groin, 2 gracilis, 2 LAF, 1 TFL, 1 TRAM, 1 dorsalis pedis, 1 sartorius, 1 crista iliaca, 1 rectus abdominis, 1 combined latissimus+serratus. The transfer of flaps was satisfactory in 92%. The transfers to the lower extremity included in no case an emergency flap, in the acute phase within 7 days after injury were transferred 5 flaps. There were in addition 32 delayed and 38 secondary flaps. The report deals with important principles of the application of the above described transfers.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

Use of two microsurgical flaps in one stage reconstructive surgery.

In the studied series of 167 free transfer two microsurgical flaps in one stage surgery were used in six cases. Two times latissimus + fibula in extensive defects of the tibia and soft tissues of the shin, two times forearm+forearm in isolated defects of the feet, in one case TRAMF + TRAMF for the reconstruction of both breasts and in one case of reconstruction of the penis and the urethra in a transsexual female to male. In this case three flaps were used--pedunculated rectus abdominis muscle and LAF for the reconstruction of the urethra and a sensitive flap from the forearm for the cover of both preceding flaps. The healing of all flaps was satisfactory and individual case records are described in detail and discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Prefabrication of a skin axial flap in experiment.

Flap prefabrication was studied on the rat thigh by implanting femoral vessels into the flap's subcutaneous tissue. The aim of the experiment was to determine optimal prefabrication time, and to monitor, using contrast staining, the dynamics and morphology of the neovascularization process. The minimal time for successful prefabrication was 14 days in our experimental model. The potential of physiological and pharmacological regulation of the process of capillary neoformation is discussed. A successful attempt at free transfer of a prefabricated flap to the contralateral thigh and at femoral vessel anastomosis by microsurgery was also made as part of the experiment.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

[Revitalization of bone transplants using vascular implants].

For investigation of revascularization of free autogenous bone grafts by implantation of blood vessels the authors used rats as experimental material. The arteries or bundles of arteries were implanted into the spongiosa of the free bone transplant--a tall vertebra. It was revealed that capillary proliferation which promotes revascularization of the graft started in the adventitia of the implanted artery. Therefore it is not necessary to severe the artery, as recommended in methods used in previous studies. Revascularization occurs even when the implanted artery retains its original function. Implantation of blood vessels does not prevent extensive necrosis of the graft but indicates osteogenesis which results in substitution of the necrotic tissue.

Animals↗

PubMed1988