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Biomedical subjects

J Urban

Publications and source records attributed to J Urban.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Relationship between Doppler velocimetry at middle cerebral artery and umbilical artery and status of newborn].

Aim of investigations was qualification of account between Doppler parameters in estimation of fetal state. Investigations one passed on 30 fetuses and newborn children in pregnancies brought. Doppler parameters one priced at use of sonographic device Toshiba SSH 140 A/G and searchers of type convex about working frequency 3.75 MHz. Following Doppler flow blood parameters were analyzed: maximum blood speed (V1) average blood speed (V2) and minimum blood speed (V3), systolic/diastolic ratio (S/D), resistance index (RI), pulsatile index (PI) and proper flow in umbilical cord vein (MF) in following dishes of feto-placental circulation: middle cerebral artery (MCA) and umbilical cord artery (UA). Acid-base equilibrium and gasometry of blood in umbilical cord dishes one marked at use of device Ciba-Corning 278 Blood Gas System and parameters of oxygenation of blood at use of device Ciba-Corning 270 CO-OXIMETER. At new-born children one priced pH-metry (pH) and gasometry (pO2, pCO2, BAA) in blood umbilical cord arterial and venous were measured. The newborn children were estimated by Apgar score. There were following essential statistical correlations between Doppler parameters of fetal blood flow and with parameters of acid-base equilibrium of new-born child: 1/ between V2 and V3 in UA and with supply of rules (BAA) in UV (p = 0.027; p = 0.009) and UA (p = 0.035; p = 0.003) and venous pH (p = 0.022; p = 0.009); 2/ between RI in UA and BAA in UV (p = 0.006) and UA (p = 0.010); 3/ between PI in UA and BAA in UV (p < 0.0001) and UA (p < 0.0001) and pH venous (p < 0.0001). We can conclude that Doppler investigations only by measure of parameters of blood flow in middle cerebral artery and umbilical artery in expectation of state of birth new-born child priced across parameters of acid-base equilibrium and Apgar score are not very useful, however they are helpful.

Apgar Score↗
PubMed2000

[Experimental research on the usefulness of the Dallos polyester prostheses in reconstructive operations of knee joint ligaments].

Usage of allogenic grafts in surgery of severe injuries of knee joint may be necessary in spite of their disadvantages. Prosthesis Dallos made by Tricomed in Lódź has been tested taking into account its usage in reconstruction of knee sacral ligaments. Prosthesis was implanted into 7 piglets in place of the removed front sacral ligament. In the tests the mechanical requirements made for this kind of grafts were confirmed. However, an unfavourable influence of this prosthesis on the synovial membrane of a joint and weak overgrowth of the graft with connective tissue, which can be eliminated by usage of looser knitting, were noticed.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Testing the usefulness of a provisional polyester prosthesis for augmentation in reconstructive operations of knee joint ligaments].

Prosthesis from polyester fibres 5 mm wide with loose knitting finished on both ends with teflon handles for fixing bones with a wholly aphid screw made by Tricomed company in Lódź according to its own idea was the subject of the test. The tests were made on 7 piglets. The prosthesis together with an autogenic graft taken from the middle third of a patella ligaments was implanted into the place of the excised front sacral ligament. The implanted prosthesis was characterised with a high biocompatibility, satisfying mechanical resistance and easiness of fixing of the tested graft. We noticed clinically and pertaining to autopsy the possibility of removing the allogenic graft after achieving the full healing of the autogenic graft without the possibility of hurting that last one.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[The amniotic fluid of term and preterm delivery and its influence on contractions of human myometrium in vitro].

Initiation of labour is a complex process that involves fetal-maternal communication. Although the mechanism of the initiation of preterm labour has not been elucidated fully, it may differ from that in normal labour. The aim of this research was to study the effect of amniotic fluid from term and preterm deliveries on human myometrial contractions. The amniotic fluid was obtained from 45 women, who underwent caesarean section preterm (18) and at term (27) for routine obstetric indications. The influence of preterm and term amniotic fluid on spontaneous and oxytocin stimulated by in vitro isometric myometrial contractions was evaluated. Repeated measured ANOVA was performed for statistical analysis. Amniotic fluid from preterm delivery successfully inhibits myometrial contractions stimulated by oxytocin, so it may play role in maintaining normal pregnancy and preventing preterm delivery.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Hematologic parameters in the cord blood labor complicated by meconium-stained amniotic fluid].

The aim of our study was to compare hematological values of the cord blood in the presence and absence of meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF). MSAF was associated with decreased total platelet count, increased values of platelet distribution width and red blood cell distribution width. The mean nucleated red blood cells was significantly higher in meconium group. The values of red blood cells, white blood cells, reticulocytes counts and their fractions (HFR,MFR,LFR,IFR) were no different in cord blood of neonate exposed to meconium and in those who were not. These findings can suggest that MSAF contribute to fetal infection rather than hypoxia.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Determination of thiodiglycolic acid in urine by capillary electrophoresis.

A sensitive capillary electrophoretic method was developed for the determination of thiodiglycolic acid (TDA) in urine which avoids the pretreatment of the urine sample. Several carrier electrolytes were examined. The most suitable carrier electrolyte system consisted of potassium hydrogen phthalate (5 mM), 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid (50 mM) and tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (0.5 mM), pH 5.2. Ten times diluted fresh midstream void urine was used for the determination. In this way, the concentrations of TDA between 5 and 50 mg/l in undiluted urine samples can be determined.

Buffers↗
PubMed1999

Anaemia, thrombocytopenia and coagulopathy due to occult diffuse infantile haemangiomatosis of spleen and pancreas.

UNLABELLED: Diffuse infantile haemangiomatosis of the spleen is a very rare lesion. Large haemangiomas may cause trapping of platelets and coagulation disorders known as Kasabach-Merrit syndrome. We here report the case of an infant with splenic and pancreatic haemangiomatosis presenting with life-threatening thrombocytopenia, anaemia and intravascular coagulation. Diagnosis was hampered by reactive erythroblastosis and non-conclusive radiological findings. While treatment with corticosteroids was ineffective, administration of antithrombin III improved coagulation parameters. After splenectomy the child recovered promptly and has remained free of disease for 3 years to date. CONCLUSION: Occult visceral haemangiomatosis without visible cutaneous haemangiomas should be included in the differential diagnosis of thrombocytopenia, anaemia and consumption coagulopathy. Antithrombin III treatment may be considered to overcome bleeding problems in patients with Kasabach-Merrit syndrome.

Anemia↗
PubMed1999

Uterine and fetal Doppler flow changes after misoprostol and oxytocin therapy for induction of labor in post-term pregnancies.

OBJECTIVES: To compare the effect of misoprostol vs. oxytocin on blood flow in uteroplacental circulation during labor induction. METHODS: Ninety-one women with indications for induction of labor were assigned to receive either misoprostol 50 microg per vagina every 4 h as needed or intravenous oxytocin by means of a randomization table generated by computer. Doppler velocimetry of umbilical, uterine and arcuate arteries was performed immediately before and 2-3 h after administration of misoprostol or oxytocin. Pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI) and systolic/diastolic (S/D) ratios were measured for these arteries. The SAS system was used to perform statistical analysis. RESULTS: There were no significant changes of PI, RI and S/D ratios in umbilical arteries during misoprostol and oxytocin inductions. Vaginal application of misoprostol significantly increased PI, RI and S/D ratios in arcuate arteries and S/D ratio in uterine arteries. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that intravaginal misoprostol administration increases uteroplacental resistance but probably does not substantially affect placental perfusion.

Administration, Intravaginal↗
PubMed1999

Acid hydrolysis of 1,6-dihydro-4-amino-3-methyl-6-phenyl-1,2, 4-triazin-5(4H)-one (1,6-dihydrometamitron).

Metamitron (1) does not undergo hydrolysis at pH 1-8 and up to 5 M H(2)SO(4). The product of its two-electron reduction, 1, 6-dihydrometamitron (2), on the other hand, undergoes at pH <3 relatively fast hydrolysis. The dependence of the measured rate constant on acidity indicates that the completely protonated form (AH(2)(2+)) predominating in strongly acidic media undergoes hydrolysis slower than the species bearing one less proton (AH(+)). The latter most reactive species is present in highest concentration in solutions of pH between 0 and 2. This species is protonated on the 2,3-azomethine bond and yields as final products 2-hydrazino-2-phenylacetic acid (4) and acethydrazide (5). Kinetic, polarographic, and spectrophotometric measurements indicated for the first dissociation an average value pK(a) = -0.8, for the second pK(a) = 0.95. These observations together with the easy reduction of the 1,6-bond in metamitron (1) indicate that in nature the cleavage of metamitron may be preceded by its reduction to 1, 6-dihydrometamitron (2), which is then hydrolyzed. Thus, anaerobic, reductive conditions are likely preferable for the total microbial degradation of metamitron.

Herbicides↗
PubMed1999

[The evaluation of lipid peroxidation products and antioxidative enzymes activity in cord blood and placental homogenates of pregnant diabetic women].

The aim of our study was to estimate the concentration of lipid peroxidation products and antioxidant system activity in cord blood and placental homogenates of 13 pregnant women with type I diabetes, 15 patients with gestational diabetes and 16 healthy pregnant women. Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, glutathione (GSH) content and the activity of CuZn superoxide dismutase (SOD) (Bioxytech, Oxis International S. A.) were measured. MDA and GSH levels increased significantly, whereas SOD activity was markedly diminished in diabetics, especially in these with type I, in comparison with the control group. Our results support the hypothesis that diabetic pregnant women and their fetuses/neonates are exposed to an increased oxidative stress. Moreover, we suggest that the measurement of oxidative stress level may be useful in clinical practice to assess fetus/neonate state and the risk of possible complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Acute fatty liver of pregnancy: underestimated complication of the third trimester?].

Two cases of acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP) are described. The liver function abnormalities have been ignored in the both cases. The review literature on this rare clinical entity unique to pregnancy is presented. The importance of clinical and biochemical findings in the diagnosis of disease is emphasized. Although etiology is unknown, deficiency of fatty acid beta-oxidation has been suggested.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1999

[Acute fatty liver in pregnancy: treatment, prognosis, rules of management].

Acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP), rare and potentially fatal disease, is considered as obstetric emergency. The perinatologist must be familiar with this complication of pregnancy because early diagnosis, prompt delivery and supportive care is the mainstay of therapy. When pregnant woman has nausea or vomiting, abdominal pain and jaundice, increased transaminase activity, coagulopathy and hypoglycemia during third trimester AFLP should be suspected. Mothers who have experienced AFLP must be informed of the possibility recurrence and undergo close surveillance in the next pregnancy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1999

[Median nerve decompression in ischemic contracture of the forearm].

Ischemic contracture of the forearm known as Volkmann contracture develops from untreated (or treated to late) compartment syndrome within the forearm. Surgery is needed if function of the extremity is to be restored after fully developed Volkmann contracture. The uniform management is accepted in our Department since 1982. Multi-stage surgical treatment is indicated, the first stage consisting of median nerve neurolysis and removal of necrotic tissues to restore physiological excursion of the nerve. A series of 48 patients (16 females, 32 males aged 5-42 years) treated between 1982 and 1995 was included in the study. Complete neurolysis of the median nerve (microsurgical within proximal 1/3 of the forearm) was done in all patients. Long-term assessment of the median nerve function was done at half year to 3 years follow-up. Symptoms of nerve entrapment indicated reoperation. The study confirmed usefulness of an early median nerve decompression for prevention of neurological complications and improvement of the extremity function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Highly efficient and versatile synthesis of libraries of constrained beta-strand mimetics.

The general approach of using a bicyclic template to produce inhibitors of the protease superfamily of enzymes has been investigated. The Diels Alder cycloaddition reaction on solid support has been found to be highly efficient for the synthesis of libraries of compounds that mimic the beta-strand secondary structure of proteins. Several potent and selective inhibitors of proteases have been discovered.

Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic↗
PubMed1998

Proliferation and collagen synthesis of human anterior cruciate ligament cells in vitro: effects of ascorbate-2-phosphate, dexamethasone and oxygen tension.

Clinical and experimental studies demonstrate that injured anterior cruciate ligaments (ACL) do not usually heal and that autografts used to repair the ACL rapidly weaken in the early period and take a long time to regain strength. The aim of this study was to develop an in vitro culture system in which environmental and biochemical factors influencing the proliferation and matrix synthesis of cells derived from human anterior cruciate ligaments can be studied. Primary cultures of human ACL cells were obtained by outgrowth from explants of normal ACL obtained at knee replacement for osteoarthritis in Dulbecco's minimum essential medium (DMEM). The effects of the additives 100 microm L-ascorbic acid-2-phosphate (Asc-2-P) and 10 n m dexamethasone (dex) on proliferation and collagen synthesis were assessed after 4, 8 and 12 days in culture. Ligament cells were grown at 0, 5, 10 and 21%p O(2)in the presence of 100 microm asc-2-P and 10 n m dex. DNA content was assessed using the Hoechst dye method and collagen synthesis by the incorporation of 5 mCi/ml [(3)H]proline after 3, 6 and 12 days in culture. At 21%p O(2), the presence of asc-2-P and dex induced significantly greater (P< 0.01, ANOVA) cell proliferation than with either additives alone. Greatest percentage collagen to total protein synthesis was observed when cells were grown in the presence of asc-2-P only. Least proliferation and percentage collagen to total protein synthesis was seen when both additives were omitted. Greatest cell proliferation was seen when cells were grown in 10%p O(2)and 5%p O(2)was associated with increased collagen synthesis. These results suggest that it is possible to study the effects of environmental and biochemical factors on human ACL healing in vitro. Our data suggest oxygen can influence certain biosynthetic activities of ACL cells. Low oxygen tensions lead to an increase in collagen production by ACL cells. However early responses to injury require extensive cell proliferation which may be activated at higher p O(2). Variation of p O(2)in ligaments during healing may therefore be an important modulator of successful repair.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament↗
PubMed1998

Preoperative physical therapy in primary total knee arthroplasty.

In order to evaluate the efficacy of preoperative physical therapy for patients undergoing elective primary total knee arthroplasty, 10 patients completed 6 weeks of physical therapy before surgery (PT group). Ten patients served as controls (C group). Subjects were tested at baseline (PT only), before surgery, 6 weeks after surgery, and 3 months after surgery using the Hospital for Special Surgery knee rating scale, range of motion, thigh circumference, walking speed, Cybex II isokinetic knee flexion, and extension testing, and computed tomography scanning for cross-sectional muscle area. Hospital stay and need for physical therapy after inpatient rehabilitation were also compared. Physical therapy produced modest gains in isokinetic flexion strength in these severely arthritic knees but no difference in extension strength. The decrease in isokinetic strength after surgery was not affected by preoperative physical therapy. Muscle area did not decrease significantly for the PT group, but it did decrease for the C group after surgery. While postoperative strength differences could not be demonstrated, preoperative physical therapy preserved thigh muscle area after surgery. The clinical significance of this finding is uncertain. Consequently, this study failed to support the routine use of preoperative physical therapy in knee replacement surgery.

Aged↗