Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J Ulrich.
N1 glycolylbiuret has been identified as a radiation product of cytosine in aerated aqueous solution at pH 4.5. When varying the pH of the solution before irradiation from acidic values towards neutral ones, G value of N1 glycolylbiuret reached a maximum at pH 4.5.
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Ultrasound in dermatology is a non-invasive tool for the detection and verification of tumours in skin, subcutaneous tissues and in lymph node basins. Since the introduction of ultrasound examination in the routine practice of dermatology in the late seventies [1], ultrasound has evolved to become a standard diagnostic method, at least in Europe. Subcutaneous or regional nodal metastases or benign tumours or tissue accumulation may not be palpable due to small size, distance from the skin surface or location in an area of postoperative or radiation fibrosis, which renders a physical examination on its own difficult. Palpation even by an experienced physician is also known to be an inaccurate technique for the assessment of lesions in head and neck cancer [2] as well as in scar tissue. Ultrasound, on the contrary is able to give additional and reliable information about the exact position of a tumour, surrounding anatomical structures, the dimension of the lesion in two perpendicular diameters in mm, its echo pattern as well as the distance from the skin surface. High resolution ultrasound technique is not only able to detect small targets (< 3 mm), but also to predict difficulties in the surgical search for metastases due to a deep subcutaneous or intramuscular position, or a localization near structures (e.g. vessels) which could easily be traumatized. Several invasive and non-invasive staging tools have been developed for the detection of regional disease or tumours in the soft tissue to support the often ineffective physical examination on its own. Among these techniques, ultrasound has been proven to have superior sensitivity to physical examination in the detection of regional metastases in melanoma patients [3-6] as well as in hematology and oncology patients [7] and it even facilitates the surgical management of such patients [8-10]. Based on technical equipment and clinical requirements, ultrasound used in dermatology is performed using frequencies between 7.5 and 15 MHz. Additionally duplex and colour flow analysis may complement grey-scale ultrasound by demonstrating tumour vascularity and characterising masses [11, 12]. In this part of the two CME articles on ultrasound we want to illustrate the most important technical details, procedural steps and the clinical use of high-frequency ultrasound in dermatology.
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Rectal route with local or general effects, is an interesting possibility of treatment. Easy use and rapid absorption are two major advantages. But this therapeutic modality is not riskless. We report a case of septicemia with peri-rectal cellulitis which was generated by two ano-rectal ulcerations after using Trophires suppositories. The infection was favoured by local application of cortisone. Our original observation, with ano-rectal ulcerations and short use of suppository, confirms the idea of short-term treatment stopped in case of unwanted symptom.
We report here two cases of isolated angiitis of the central nervous system associated with congophilic angiopathy. The clinical history lasted 9 months in the first patient (65 years old) and 9 years in the second patient (59 years old). It was characterized by progressive intellectual deterioration, increased protein content of the CSF and evidence of focal brain lesions in the CT scan. One patient showed chronic intracranial hypertension. Vascular lesions were limited to the brain and were characterized by granulomatous and necrotizing angiitis of the small leptomeningeal and intracortical vessels. Amyloid deposits were present in large amounts along vascular segments showing vasculitis, in foreign body giant cells, in plaque-like structures surrounding diseased perforating arterioles, along cortical microvessels and in many neuritic plaques. Close proximity and topographic overlap of vasculitis and amyloid changes suggest a possible pathogenetic relationship.
An unusual case of dementia is reported. The patient was a woman who died at the age of 69 years and 6 months after a two years history of organic dementia. Possibly the disease was familial. Examination of the brain at autopsy revealed no atrophy. In routine histology the brain seemed to be normal. However, when the sections were stained with highly sensitive techniques such as an antibody to phosphorylated Tau (PHF-1), widespread neuritic pathology was discovered. Probably both, axons and dendrites were involved. Only few perikarya were reactive with the antibody. In some of them, morphologic alterations were reminiscent of Pick's disease.
We present the case of a 28-year-old man who underwent craniotomy and subsequent radiotherapy for a suprasellar craniopharyngioma at the age of 8 years. The patient suffered from a severe pituitary deficiency until his death. The cause of death was a bronchopneumonia. At necropsy epithelial tissue characteristic of craniopharyngioma was no longer found, but instead a subependymoma of the third ventricle. Up to now most reported primary central nervous system tumors associated with subependymomas were ependymomas. However, in 1 case very similar to ours a subependymoma was associated with a craniopharyngioma. Furthermore, only rare examples of subependymomas of the third ventricle have been reported. The growth of a subependymoma might have been induced by intense reactive gliosis as a response of the adjacent brain tissue to the craniopharyngioma. However, in view of the repeated post-operative irradiation in our case the possibility of radiation-induced glioma has also to be considered.