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Biomedical subjects

J Uchida

Publications and source records attributed to J Uchida.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Macroamylasemia associated with ulcerative colitis.

We describe a very rare case in which macroamylasemia was associated with ulcerative colitis of total colitis type. The patient's serum amylase isozyme pattern by electrophoresis showed a broad abnormal peak toward the side of the positive pole compared with regular salivary and pancreatic fractions. Sephadex G-200 column chromatography showed a sedimentation coefficient of 6.6 S. Amylase activity was bound to IgG. Double diffusion experiments demonstrated that amylase activity could be precipitated in gel by an antibody to the lambda chain. Although inflammatory bowel disease is occasionally associated with hyperamylasemia due to pancreatitis, we emphasize that, when hyperamylasemia is recognized in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, macroamylasemia also should be considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Clinical efficacy of the Porges Urospiral, a reversible intraprostatic spiral stent, in patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy].

The Porges Urospiral, a urethral spiral stent made of stainless steel wire, is designed for patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy. To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the stent, a prospective uncontrolled study was performed on 60 patients who complained of urinary retention (48 patients) or severe dysuria (12 patients) due to prostatic hypertrophy. Four patients had neurogenic disorders resulting in bladder dysfunction. The average age of the patients was 77.4 years old, ranging from 61 to 91 years old. In 48 patients, the stent was used instead of transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR-P) because of the patients poor general conditions, while in 12 patients the stent was transiently used until TUR-P. Subjective symptoms, according to an original scoring system, and objective signs, uroflowmetry measurements and residual urine volume, before and 3 months after stent insertion were compared. The stent was indwelt for more than 3 months in 40 of the 57 patients in whom the stent could be inserted. Out of 37 evaluable patients, subjective symptoms improved in all the patients and objective symptoms improved in 26 patients (70.3%). Complications included urinary incontinence, urination pain, urethral pain, gross hematuria or migration of the stent. Although these complications disappeared in a few days after the insertion of the stent in a majority of the patients, the stent was removed in 17 patients due to complications within 3 months after insertion. The overall clinical efficacy of this stent was 56% in 50 evaluable patients who had no neurogenic disorders.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Smaller ports result in shorter convalescence after laparoscopic varicocelectomy.

Minimal postoperative pain and a shorter convalescence after laparoscopic surgery are attributable to the small puncture wounds produced to accommodate trocars. We investigated the effects of trocar size on convalescence after 37 laparoscopic varicocelectomies. The initial 21 patients underwent the procedure with 2, 10 mm. ports and 1, 5 mm. port, while the last 16 underwent surgery with 3, 5 mm. ports. Postoperative convalescence was evaluated by a questionnaire. The patients who underwent the 5 mm. port technique achieved complete pain relief, returned to work and could resume work at preoperative levels significantly earlier than those who underwent the 10 mm. port technique (2.4 +/- 1.5 days versus 5.9 +/- 4.8 days, p < 0.03; 8.2 +/- 3.1 days versus 10.0 +/- 2.5 days, p < 0.03, and 10.2 +/- 4.4 days versus 14.3 +/- 6.5 days, p < 0.03, respectively). Our study showed that laparoscopic surgery with smaller ports resulted in less postoperative pain and a shorter convalescence than when larger 10 mm. ports were used.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Laparoscopic ureterolysis for idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis.

Ureterolysis and subsequent intraperitonealization were performed laparoscopically in 2 patients with unilateral idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis. The operative procedure was easily accomplished, and the outcome was excellent in the patient who had a ureteral stricture of 2 cm in length, whereas the operation was technically more complicated with a prolonged operation time in the other patient who had a stricture more than 5 cm in length. The convalescence period after the operation was short in both cases. Laparoscopic ureterolysis is a less invasive alternative to conventional open surgery, particularly in patients with involvement of a unilateral ureter of short length.

Constriction, Pathologic↗
PubMed1994

[The mechanism of biochemical modulation in methotrexate/5-fluorouracil sequential chemotherapy].

5-fluorouracil (5-FU)/methotrexate (MTX) sequential chemotherapy is one of the standard regimen for the treatment of gastric cancer. Though this combination therapy is highly effective, the mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we investigated the relationship between antitumor activity and the inhibition of thymidylate synthase and between antitumor activity and incorporation of 5-FU into RNA (F-RNA) in mice bearing Sarcoma-180 treated by tegafur alone (100 mg/kg) or by the combination of MTX (42 mg/kg) and tegafur (100 mg/kg). A new method for the determination of F-RNA of tumor tissue samples was used. Briefly, RNA fractions containing incorporated 5-FU were extracted by KOH hydrolysis. FUra in RNA fractions was released by HCl hydrolysis and its levels were determined by GC-MS. The results showed that the F-RNA levels were significantly elevated by the pretreatment of MTX. According to this result, it is suggested that the measurement of F-RNA levels together with the determination of FUra concentration and the inhibition rate of thymidylate synthase were considered as a good means for the evaluation of antitumor efficacy of FUra. We concluded that the impairment of RNA metabolism played a major role in the antitumor activity of MTX/5-FU combination.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Antitumor and anticachectic activity of UFT in BALB/c mice bearing colon 26 adenocarcinoma].

We established a cancer cachexia model in BALB/c mice bearing Colon 26 and examined antitumor and anticachectic activity of UFT. The mice bearing Colon 26 showed a progressive loss of body weight, loss of lipid, and hypalbuminosis associated with the change of tumor size and these symptoms were improved by removal of cancer. In this model UFT extended life span significantly at 15mg/kg/day though showed a little growth inhibitory activity. UFT showed a significant tumor growth inhibitory activity and extended life span at 20mg/kg/day and could reverse all biological parameters mentioned above. Since the intratumor and plasma contents of IL-6 were significantly lowered in the UFT administered group, it is estimated that the anticachectic activity of UFT originates from reduction of interleukin-6 in tumor.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

[Experimental evaluation of combination chemotherapy with UFT and cisplatin for lung cancer].

Combined treatment of UFT with cisplatin (CDDP) achieved remarkable elongation of survival time of BDF1 mice, which were intravenously transplanted with Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC). Three cycles of weekly iv administration of CDDP and vindesine (VDS), and daily oral administration of UFT were scheduled. Combination UFT (18 mg/kg/day) with CDDP (6.0 mg/kg/day) yielded tumor-free survivors in all of the treated animals with slight body weight loss. Its efficacy was superior to that of the combination of CDDP with VDS. Supra-additive cytotoxic activity against LLC cells was observed by Isobologram method on the schedule of the exposure to 5-fluorouracil preceding the exposure to CDDP. Additive effect was observed by the reversed schedule of the treatment. Using human non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines which derived from histologically different type, additive or greater additive sensitivity to both of the sequential treatment schedules with 5-FU and CDDP was observed. These results suggest that the combination chemotherapy of UFT with CDDP for lung cancer may show high antitumor efficacy with low toxicity in a clinical setting.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

A carcinoid tumor of the rectum removed by strip biopsy.

In a 29-year-old male complaining of constipation, total colonoscopy revealed a 5 mm yellowish submucosal tumor at a distance of 6 cm from the anal ring. The histologic diagnosis of specimens obtained by biopsy was rectal carcinoid tumor and transanal ultrasonography revealed the tumor localization within the submucosal layer in the rectum. A strip biopsy was performed. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis and ascertained complete excision. Rectal carcinoid tumors should be removed completely and strip biopsy may be a suitable procedure for removal of rectal submucosal tumors less than 10 mm in diameter.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Experimental study on the combined treatment of UFT with etoposide against mouse Lewis lung carcinoma].

Synergistic cytotoxicity between FUra and etoposide was determined in Lewis lung carcinoma (3LL) cells by clonogenic assay. With the same exposure condition, chasing the time course of DNA strand breaks and repair by DNA unwinding assay. DNA repair in the exposure sequence of etoposide prior to FUra was remarkably delayed more than that by etoposide alone. There was a little overlap in normal tissue toxicity of UFT and etoposide since 65% of the full dosages of the two agents can be used in combination and main toxicities (suppression of body weight, decrease in WBC and damage of intestinal mucosa) were dispersed with dependence on the schedule of administration. Moreover, this combined treatment with the most tolerated dose resulted in the highest survival effect on 3LL-bearing mice than each agent alone. These data suggest that combination chemotherapy of UFT with etoposide show high antitumor activity and low host toxicity, and will be clinically useful.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Complications in urological laparoscopic surgery].

Laparoscopic surgery is often associated with complications which never occur in open conventional surgery. We investigated operative and postoperative complications in urological laparoscopic surgery. From February 1990 to November 1992, 91 laparoscopic operations were performed, including 62 varicocelectomies, 5 pelvic lymphadenectomies, 6 adrenalectomies, 5 simple nephrectomies, 2 radical nephrectomies, 1 staged Fowler-Stephens operation and 10 laparoscopies for cryptorchidism or other disorders. The patients ranged from 3 months to 77 years old. Nine (9.9%) of the 91 patients had complications associated with laparoscopic procedures and 4 (4.4%) of them had major complications. Pneumoextraperitoneum occurred in 3 patients. Two patients, who suffered from preperitoneal insufflation or pneumothorax associated with pneumomediastinum, failed to undergo laparoscopy. A small amount of scrotal emphysema developed in one patient, which subsided within 12 hours. Another patient, who underwent radical nephrectomy and para-aortic lymphadenectomy for left renal cell carcinoma, complained of symptoms due to persistent pneumoperitoneum and subcutaneous emphysema, which subsided 2 weeks after the operation. Respiratory acidosis caused by carbon dioxide absorption, which was difficult to be controlled, occurred in the other two patients; one was an adult male with reduced respiratory function and the other was a 1-year-and-8-month-old child. Bleeding during or after the procedure was another serious complication. Vena caval laceration occurred during right simple nephrectomy for pyonephrosis with renal calculi and was managed with laparotomy. Two patients, one after simple nephrectomy and the other after right adrenalectomy, suffered from postoperative bleeding about 300 ml through the penrose drain, which subsided following a bed rest.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Remarkable improvement of growth and developmental retardation in Crohn's disease by parenteral and enteral nutrition therapy.

The patient, an 18-yr-old male (admission ht 153 cm, wt 30 kg), had been suffering from growth arrest and intermittent abdominal pain since he was 13 yr old, which was left untreated. Examinations on admission disclosed almost normal pituitary function, while levels of testosterone and somatomedin C were low. Roentgenological examination revealed extensive skip-stenotic lesions and longitudinal ulcers in the ileum, diagnostic of Crohn's disease. Therapy involving high-caloric parenteral and enteral alimentation resulted in a marked increase in both ht and wt, and improvement in roentgenological and colonoscopical findings. The interrelation between Crohn's disease and malnutrition with reference to some reports in the literature is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Experience with laparoscopic nephrectomy].

Laparoscopic procedures are promising techniques which allow less invasive surgery not only for intra-abdominal organs but also for retroperitoneal organs. Laparoscopic nephrectomy was first described by Clayman et al. We removed the left kidney of a 36-year-old male patient using laparoscopic procedures according to Clayman's technique. The kidney had developed hydronephrosis due to congenital ureteropelvic junction stenosis. In the peritoneal cavity the freed kidney was pushed into a Lapsac, minced using scissors and forceps, and removed without elongation of the wound. During the operation, pneumoperitoneum with CO2 gas induced increases in PaCO2, central venous pressure, pulmonary artery wedge pressure and cardiac output, all of which the patient tolerated well. The patient was discharged from the hospital on the 9th postoperative day. Laparoscopic nephrectomy is a useful alternative to the conventional open surgery in selected cases, when surgical techniques and instruments are improved appropriately.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Yolk sac tumor of the testis in children: report of two cases].

Two cases of yolk sac tumor of the testis are presented. The patients were 17 months and 24 months old. The children were inflicted with painless swelling of their left scrotal content. alpha-Fetoprotein levels were elevated at presentation but decreased within normal limits after orchiectomy. Chest X-rays and CT scans were negative. The cases were diagnosed as stage I. Fifty six cases of testicular yolk sac tumor in children have been reported in Japan since 1981. There were no recurrent stage I cases. One patient with stage II and 3 patients with stage III died despite chemotherapy, while three children with stage II or stage III disease survived more than 36 months after a positive response to chemotherapy. We conclude that prepubertal stage I yolk sac tumor is treated best initially by orchiectomy alone. Aggressive chemotherapy has a major role in salvage of stage II or stage III patients.

Child, Preschool↗