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Biomedical subjects

J U Prause

Publications and source records attributed to J U Prause.

136 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Effects of different cyclophosphamide treatment schedules on collagen and collagenolytic activity in granulation tissue.

Cyclophosphamide was injected intraperitoneally into rats in doses of 6 or 10 mg/kg/day. The controls had daily intraperitoneal injections of physiological saline. After 14 days of treatment, granulation tissue was produced by subcutaneous implantation of viscose cellulose sponges. The treatment with cyclophosphamide and physiological saline was continued in different sequences for a further one or two 14-day periods. The rats were killed 14 or 28 days after the sponge implantation. Cyclophosphamide caused a decrease in body weight, in the number of leucocytes, in granuloma dry weight and in the granuloma content of free OH-proline while the water percentage increased. Ten mg/kg/day of cyclophosphamide had a more pronounced effect than 6 mg/kg/day. The results are consistent with an inhibitory effect of cyclophosphamide on granuloma formation and on the degradation of collagen. Accordingly, measurements of collagenolytic activity in granulation tissue after culture in vitro suggested an inhibition of collagenolysis after cyclophosphamide treatment. No effect of pretreatment was observed, and the effect of cyclophosphamide was independent of whether cyclophosphamide was given during the early or late phase of granulation tissue production.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Collagenolysis of rat tail tendons by crude corneal collagenase and clostridiopeptidase A.

An experimental apparatus, which uses freshly collected, nondenatured rat tail tendons as substrate against crude corneal collagenase from alkali-burned rabbit corneas and clostridiopeptidase A, is introduced. The apparatus makes it possible to compare the collagenolytic activity of the two enzymes directly on intact connective tissue similar to intact corneal tissue. It was found that the two enzymes were able to reduce the tensile strength of rat tail tendons to less than 100 g in less than 5 h. The two enzymes attacked the tendons in structurally the same manner, estimated from a statistical model. The conclusion drawn is that crude corneal collagenase can degradate intact connective tissue indicating that it can attack the intact cornea.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Liposarcoma metastatic to the orbit.

PURPOSE: To describe a patient with liposarcoma metastatic to the left orbit. METHODS: A 72-year-old man was admitted with diplopia and proptosis of the left eye. Previously, a retroperitoneal liposarcoma had been surgically removed followed by postoperative radiation. Visual acuity was normal. There was proptosis of the left eye, increased retrobulbar resistance and reduced mobility. Trans-septal orbital biopsies showed liposarcoma. The patient was initially treated with prednisolone and later received radio- and chemotherapy. Despite treatment he lost vision of the left eye and died a few months later. RESULTS: Histological examination of the orbital tumor revealed a spindle-cell liposarcoma similar to the primary tumor of the retroperitoneum. CONCLUSIONS: Liposarcoma metastatic to the orbit is rare, but should be suspected in a patient with proptosis caused by a space-occupying lesion and a history of liposarcoma.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Epstein-Barr positive T-cell lymphoma in the ocular region.

PURPOSE: To present two cases of rapidly growing tumors in the ocular adnexa. Both tumors were Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positive peripheral T-cell lymphoma. METHODS: Case 1 was a 60-year-old man with a non-tender ulcerating tumor involving the lateral third of both upper and lower right eyelid. Case 2 was a 55-year-old man with a swelling of the left eyelid expanding cranially and dislocating the left eye, resulting in proptosis and diplopia. Both patients underwent incisional biopsy that did not disclose the malignant nature of the tumors. Clinical evaluation resulted in suspicion of malignancy and surgical excision was performed. RESULTS: The tumors were found to be consistent with EBV-positive peripheral T-cell lymphoma. CONCLUSIONS: Peripheral T-cell lymphoma is uncommon but a diagnosis to be considered in a patient with a tumorous lesion in the eye region. Furthermore, peripheral T-cell lymphoma may be EBV-positive.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary Sjögren's syndrome: a subjective description of the disease.

Forty patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome were interviewed to clarify the onset and course of the disease. In 50% of the cases, the first subjective signs of disease were recorded at age 30 to 50 years. A large variation was, however, observed, and some patients even recalled symptoms as early as in childhood. About one third described the onset as sudden, whereas the rest described an insidious deterioration. Keratoconjunctivitis sicca was the most frequent debut symptom, followed by xerostomia and weariness. Regardless of age, extreme weariness was a major problem. Pain in joints and muscles tended to be more severe in younger patients; ocular and oral problems tended to be more severe the higher the age of debut. Finally, most patients eventually came to have more or less the same complex of symptoms, which could lead to a devastating condition affecting the patients not only physically but also psychically and socially. The large variety of symptoms could easily be overlooked or misinterpreted, and because the patients did not appear to be ill, diagnosis was first established after an average period of nine years. Most patients used artificial tears, and obtained significantly greater benefit from this remedy than from all other drugs. A certain familial disposition towards the disease was found.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical ophthalmological tests for the diagnosis of keratoconjunctivitis sicca.

According to the Copenhagen criteria for Sjögren's syndrome, the diagnosis of keratoconjunctivitis sicca requires the performance of 3 objective ocular tests of which 2 should give pathological results. The tests presently in use are: Break-up time, Schirmer-1-test and Rose-Bengal score. A list of clinical ophthalmological tests has been established in order to enable various SS-study groups to compare results. The list has 3 groups, each containing tests evaluating mainly one characteristic function of the lacrimal system: Tear production, tear quality and ocular surface condition. The tests of the list have been evaluated in 10 1 degree SS-patients and in 10 incipient SS patients. The diagnostic sensitivity and the accuracy of various combinations of the 3 tests have been evaluated. It is suggested that SS-study groups should select one of the marked (*) tests from each group on the list, and that KCS should be defined present, when 2 of the selected 3 tests show pathologically changed results. (table; see text).

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sjögren's syndrome: terminology.

In spite of our continuously improved pathobiological understanding, there is still no consensus on terminology and disease criteria in Sjögren's syndrome (SS). This survey points out discrepencies in the current description of the syndrome, and argues for a new classification model. We suggest that the present nomenclatures for the global disease (Sjögren's disease) and disease subsets (primary and secondary SS) be retained until additional pathobiological insights give rise to new and descriptive terms. We do find evidence, however, to support a new terminology and classification of the main immunoinflammatory manifestations of primary SS. Accordingly, three "exocrine" and four "non-exocrine" subgroups of disease manifestations are here defined. The usefulness of the proposed model should be evaluated in clinical studies and in a debate engaging all of the medical specialities involved.

Autoimmune Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A new craniofacial disorder involving hypertelorism and malformations of external nose, palate and pituitary gland.

The aim of the present study was to describe and pathologically evaluate an apparently unreported craniofacial malformation, based on comparison of the cranial midsagittal components with similar components under normal developmental conditions. A severely malformed fetus with a gestational age of about 17 weeks underwent whole body and special craniofacial radiography. Following autopsy dissection, the midsagittal segment of the cranial base, including the eyes, was radiographed in different projections. Midsagittal tissue blocks were serially sectioned for microscopy. Routine stains and immunohistochemical stains were applied. The face was characterized by hypertelorism, absence of external nose but with open shell-like cavities medio-cranially to the eyes, and by a palate fused in the midline and with extensive bony ridges laterally. There was absence of normal nasal cavities, presence of nasal septum and vomer, normal eyes, and nasal ducts covered with nasal mucosa ending blindly in the cartilage. No olfactory bulbs were found. The palatal ridges consisted of bony tissue. The pituitary gland was severely malformed and consisted solely of adenopituitary gland tissue, located in its full extent in the pharyngeal mucosa. There was no sella turcica. From a pathogenetic point of view, it is suggested that the neural crest cells in the frontonasal region of the crest were reduced in amount or late in migration to the midfacial region compared to the neural crest cells to the maxillary region. Therefore, we believe that the malformations observed in the nasal placodes and in the pituitary placode, combined with abnormal migration or abnormal timing of neural crest cells during the craniofacial development, are important factors behind this disorder.

Brain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sex-specific patterns of spleen recolonization in semiallogeneic "Sjögren-mice".

"Sjögren-mice" were produced by the transfer of two entire spleen equivalents of cells from parental strain mice to non-irradiated, adult F1 hybrids. The recipients developed an autoimmune exocrinopathy resembling primary Sjögren's syndrome. Since donor and host mice are haploidentical, no new antigens are introduced into the recipients. Donor cells may react against recipient antigens, eliciting a graft versus host (GVH) reaction. The origin of spleen cells was investigated by flow cytometry, using antibodies against murine MHC antigens. The results showed different colonization patterns: spleens of female recipients, grafted with cells from female donors, were almost completely colonized by donor type cells, whereas spleens of male recipients, grafted with either male or female cells, showed partial or complete colonization by donor type cells. The results suggest that the sex of both donor and host influences cellular reactions in lymphohaemopoietic chimeras.

Animals↗