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Biomedical subjects

J Tsuchiya

Publications and source records attributed to J Tsuchiya.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Some problems in the laboratory findings in multiple myeloma.

The clinical usefulness of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels in serum and pathogenetic mechanism of hypoalbuminemia and hypocholesterolemia in multiple myeloma (MM) were investigated. In cases of MM with a history of pathological fracture, the level of serum ALP was significantly higher than normal. Thus, elevated ALP in MM patients may be an indicator of the occurrence of a pathological fracture within the past 2 months. The levels of serum LDH in about 80% of the MM patients were within normal limits despite the presence of a malignant tumor. These patients showed a normal pattern of isoenzymes and more mature types according to the Greipp classification. In contrasts, the patients with elevated serum levels of LDH showed the tumor pattern of the isoenzymes and the plasmablastic type. The total cholesterol concentration was correlated with the total protein levels and the serum cholinesterase. These findings were the same as those in patients with nephrotic syndrome and polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia without liver dysfunction. These results suggest that the decreased cholesterol in MM is due to a reduction in the synthesis of albumin in the liver.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Oxidation of lipids. XV. Role of hydrophilic diarylamines as antioxidants in the oxidations of lipids and biological tissues.

The abilities of two kinds of water-soluble diarylamines, disodium 4-chloro-2,2'-iminodibenzoate (CCA) and disodium 4-chloro-3',6'-dimethyl-2,2'-iminodibenzoate (CCM), to protect lipids, membranes and biological tissues from oxidative damages have been studied. The experimental systems studied include the oxidations of methyl linoleate micelles and soybean phosphatidylcholine (Pc) liposomal membranes in aqueous dispersions, oxidative hemolysis of rabbit erythrocytes, and the in vivo oxidative damages of biological tissues all induced by free radicals generated from an azo radical initiator. The two diarylamines functioned as moderate chain-breaking antioxidants and retarded the above oxidations.

Amidines↗
PubMed1988

Action of vitamin E as antioxidant in phospholipid liposomal membranes as studied by spin label technique.

The action of alpha-tocopherol in the phosphatidylcholine liposomal membranes was studied by spin label technique in order to elucidate the role of vitamin E in the membranes. The fluidity of the liposomal membranes decreased with increasing concentrations of saturated phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and alpha-tocopherol. However, the physical effect of alpha-tocopherol was quite small at its physiological concentrations. The effects of structure of various kinds of chromanols on the membrane fluidity were studied. The fluidity of the liposomal membranes decreased with increasing length of the side chain at 2-position of 6-chromanols. This effect was smaller when the side chain at the 2-position did not possess branched methyl group. The effect of tocopherols on the membrane fluidity was larger in the inner part of the membranes. Ascorbic acid residing in the aqueous phase interacted with the nitroxide spin probe incorporated into the membranes and the rate was smaller as the nitroxide group was buried deeper in the phospholipid bilayer. The spin probes incorporated into liposomal membranes were consumed as the oxidation proceeded. alpha-Tocopherol suppressed both the oxidation of membranes and the decrease of spin probe, but when alpha-tocopherol was depleted, the spin probe decreased and the membranes became more rigid as the oxidation proceeded.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed1988

Evaluation of release fluoroimmunoassay (RFIA) for the determination of specific IgE antibody to Japanese cedar pollinosis.

Release fluoroimmunoassay (RFIA), a new method of enzyme immunoassay (ELISA), was employed for the detection of specific IgE antibody in patients allergic to Japanese cedar pollen. RFIA clearly discriminated between allergic patients and healthy subjects. Further, RFIA was able to detect the minute IgE antibody at the dilution range of 1/32 of patient's serum. Correlation between the relative fluorescent unit values and the RAST values of sera from 17 patients and seven healthy subjects was very high. The correlation coefficient was 0.87. These findings show that the RFIA has an advantage over the other procedures for the diagnosis of immediate-type hypersensitivity as well as the diagnosis of Japanese cedar pollen.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

[Neurogenic stress gastric ulceration--an experimental study in rats].

Experimental investigation was performed on pathogenesis of neurogenic stress gastric ulceration, i.e. the gastric ulceration occurring under stress in individuals having brain lesions. Male Wistar rats, weighing 250 to 300 g, were divided into the following 4 groups: a) the normal group, b) the subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) group, in which 0.2 ml of arterial blood had been injected into the cisterna magna 3 days before, c) the brain lesion group, in which various right hypothalamic nuclei had been coagulated stereotaxically 7 days before, and d) the brain lesion plus SAH group, in which hypothalamic lesions had been produced 7 days before, followed by SAH 3 days before experimentation. They were stressed by applying restraint plus water immersion for 3 hours, and measurements were done on relative ulcer lengths (RUL) in the glandular stomach, gastric acid secretion, gastric mucosal blood flow (MBF) and gastric emptying function. In the SAH group, stress gastric ulcerations, 18.2 +/- 1.4 mm (mean +/- SE) in RUL, were produced, being significantly larger than the value, 10.2 +/- 1.7 mm, in the normal group. Stress ulcerations were milder than the normal control in the rats having lesions at the preoptic area (POA) or the anterior hypothalamic area (AHA), while the rats having ventromedial hypothalamic (VMH) lesions showed marked ulcerations, 21.8 +/- 2.7 mm in RUL, which were significantly larger than those in the normal group. Addition of SAH to VMH lesions did not cause a further increase in RUL.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Effect of phytyl side chain of vitamin E on its antioxidant activity.

Inhibition of the oxidation of methyl linoleate and soybean phosphatidylcholine in homogeneous solution and in aqueous dispersion by four chain-breaking antioxidants, vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol), 2,2,5,7,8-pentamethyl-6-chromanol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, and stearyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate, was studied to examine the effect of the phytyl side chain of vitamin E on its antioxidant activity. These four antioxidants exerted similar antioxidative activities. They were also effective as antioxidants in protecting the oxidation of soybean phosphatidylcholine liposomes in water dispersion. However, when they were incorporated into dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine liposomes, only 2,2,5,7,8-pentamethyl-6-chromanol and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol could suppress the oxidation of soybean phosphatidylcholine liposomes dispersed in the same aqueous system. It was concluded that the antioxidative properties of vitamin E and its model without the phytyl side chain are quite similar within micelles and liposomes as well as in homogeneous solution but that the phytyl side chain enhances the retainment of vitamin E in liposomes and suppresses the transfer of vitamin E between liposomal membranes.

Butylated Hydroxytoluene↗
PubMed1984

Clear evidence for the participation of OH in lambda DNA breakage induced by the enzymatic reduction of adriamycin in the presence of iron-ADP. Importance of local OH concentration for DNA strand cleavage.

lambda DNA (a double-stranded DNA) was exposed to several adriamycin-mediated active oxygen generating systems (O2- and H2O2 generating, OH generating, and perferryl ion complex generating), extracted, and analyzed by gel electrophoresis on agarose gel. Only the DNA exposed to and subsequently isolated from the adriamycin-mediated OH generating system contained many DNA fragments of low molecular weight, indicating the breakage of DNA strands. Such a breakage was strikingly inhibited by catalase or 50 mM sodium benzoate, but not by superoxide dismutase. The local OH concentration near the DNA strand was considered to be important for DNA strand cleavage.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1983

Stress ulcer accompanying subarachnoid hemorrhage--a new rat model.

New rat model of stress ulcer, related to subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) was devised. A 0.2 ml of the arterial blood, obtained from another rat of the same litter, was injected into the cisterna magna and 4 days later, mild stress, consisting of restraint plus water-immersion for 3 hours to the injected rat, produced gastric ulcers. These lesions were far more marked than in usual rats undergoing the same stress (P less than 0.001). Using this "SAH-stress model", effects of various counteracting measures were examined. Based on the results, we concluded that SAH produced a hypersensitivity or an abnormal excitability of the autonomic nervous centers, and the relatively mild stress effectively weakened the gastric defensive factors and strengthened the gastric aggressive factors, thus resulting in ulcer formation.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Acute toxicity of intrarectally administered (ketoprofen (T10) in rat weanlings].

Acute toxicity of Ketoprofen, a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory analgestic, was studied using rat weanlings. Ketoprofen was intrarectally administered in the form of a mixture with T10, a basic materials for suppositaries. The results obtained were as follows: LD50 of KP was estimated to be 434 mg/kg in male weanlings and 496 mg/kg in female weanlings. These values were about four times higher than those obtained from our previous study (Shimpo et al., 1981) using six-weeks old adult rats of both sexes. The fact indicated that rat weanlings were far tolerant to KP intrarectally administered than young adult rats. Intrarectal administration of KP at high doses, caused death between the second and the seventh day after administration. Gross and histopathological examinations revealed that dead weanlings carried perforative peritonitis with ulcers mainly in jejunum and ileum not in rectum. It was therefore suggested that the ulcer was produced in small intestine by entero-hepatic circulation of KP and finally mortal peritonitis occurred.

Age Factors↗