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Biomedical subjects

J Toth

Publications and source records attributed to J Toth.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Certain canine weakly beta-hemolytic intestinal spirochetes are phenotypically and genotypically related to spirochetes associated with human and porcine intestinal spirochetosis.

Four canine weakly beta-hemolytic intestinal spirochetes associated with intestinal spirochetosis (IS-associated WBHIS) were compared with IS-associated human and porcine WBHIS and the type species for Serpulina hyodysenteriae and S. innocens by using phenotypic and genotypic parameters. The IS-associated canine, human, and porcine WBHIS belonged to a phyletic group distinct from but related to previously described Serpulina type species.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Prospective comparison of autograft vs. allograft for adult posterolateral lumbar spine fusion: differences among freeze-dried, frozen, and mixed grafts.

The use of allografts continues today for the purpose of spinal fusion. The literature is conflicting on the effectiveness of allografts in spinal fusion as compared with autografts. Numerous variables affect fusion, including age, sex, smoking status, type of surgery, and anterior versus posterior surgery. Therefore, we have undertaken a prospective study in which comparison was made between allograft and autograft in the same individual. The purpose of this prospective study was to compare autografts, frozen allografts, freeze-dried allografts, and a mixture of allograft and autograft in the same patient undergoing an instrumented posterolateral lumbar spine fusion. Twenty patients (nine men and 11 women with ages ranging from 29-72 years and a mean age of 43.5 years) underwent posterolateral fusions of the lumbar spine with pedicle screw instrumentation. An autogenous posterior iliac crest bone graft was placed on one side in each patient and an allograft on the other side. Assessing bone fusion quality from grades 1 to 4, the autograft side had a grade 1 solid fusion in 16 of 20 cases (80%). On the other hand, freeze-dried grafting resulted in grade 4 resorption in all seven cases. Frozen allografts resorbed in three of five cases, and partial fusions were achieved in the remaining cases. When a mixture of autograft and freeze-dried allograft was used, grade 1 solid fusion was achieved in four of eight cases and partial fusions were achieved in the others. Bone densitometry results also showed that autograft sites gave significantly greater bone density, followed by mixture, frozen allografts, and freeze-dried allografts in this order.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Impaired local deiodination of thyroxine to triiodothyronine in dogs with symmetrical truncal alopecia.

Thyroid dysfunction causes certain dermatological alterations in dogs. Insufficient delivery of thyroid hormone to the skin may originate not only from inadequate thyroid function but also from impaired local activation of thyroxine in the target organ. Thyroid parameters and deiodination were investigated in healthy dogs (group C) and in dogs with cutaneous lesions associated with hypothyroidism (group H) or with a low-T3 syndrome (group LT). The ability of the skin to convert T4 to T3 was impaired in both groups H and LT but not in the controls. It is concluded that impaired local deiodination may contribute to skin problems in dogs.

Alopecia↗
PubMed1994

Controlled exposure to mite allergen for a dose-finding of dimethindene maleate (DMM).

The aim of the study was to develop a laboratory system to challenge mite allergic patients with physiological concentrations of Der p I in order to evaluate the efficacy of antiallergic drugs in mite allergic patients. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study was designed with three consecutive sessions. Twelve patients with proven sensitivity to dust mite were treated with a single dose of dimethindene maleate in a FOAD formulation (4 and 8 mg vs. placebo) 12 h before a long-term challenge with mite allergen Der p I in the Vienna challenge chamber. Challenge was performed with a constant concentration of 40 ng Der p I per cubic meter of air for 4 h. Nasal parameters were recorded at 15 min intervals during long-term challenge. In comparison to placebo, dimethindene leads to a statistically significant reduction (p < 0.05) of the nasal response at both concentrations tested. The house-dust mite model in the Vienna challenge chamber thus proved to be a useful tool for drug investigations in mite allergies.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Pseudomonas flavescens sp. nov., isolated from walnut blight cankers.

Two pseudomonad strains that produce a yellow cellular pigment, in addition to a diffusible fluorescent pigment on Kings medium B, were isolated from cankers on walnut trees. Biochemical properties, such as a positive oxidase reaction, a negative arginine dihydrolase reaction, and the production of a fluorescent pigment, in addition to the results of an extensive nutritional characterization study and DNA-DNA hybridization experiments, indicated that these strains belong to a new Pseudomonas rRNA group I species. This conclusion was supported by the results of a determination of the sequence of the PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene and a comparison with the 16S rRNA genes of other bacterial species. The genomic DNAs of the strains had a base composition of 63 mol% G+C. The name Pseudomonas flavescens sp. nov. is proposed. Strain B62 (= NCPPB 3063) is the type strain of the species.

DNA, Bacterial↗
PubMed1994

The effect of osteogenin (a bone morphogenetic protein) on the formation of bone in orthotopic segmental defects in rats.

We studied the effects of partially purified, natural osteogenin, a bone morphogenetic protein, on the formation of bone in rats. An osteoperiosteal segmental defect, eight millimeters wide, in the middle of the femoral diaphysis was created bilaterally in thirty-six adult male Fischer rats and stabilized with a polyacetyl plate and threaded Kirschner wires. One defect was filled with a cylinder of 60 per cent hydroxyapatite and 40 per cent tricalcium phosphate ceramic (pore diameter, 250 to 400 micrometers) containing 100 micrograms of partially purified bovine osteogenin, and the contralateral defect was filled with a hydroxyapatite-tricalcium ceramic cylinder without osteogenin. Eighteen animals (six animals each at one, two, and four months after the operation) were studied histologically and histomorphometrically. The implants from eighteen additional animals (six animals each at one, two, and four months after the operation) were subjected to biomechanical testing. Histomorphometry revealed that the total area of bone, the area of bone outside of the implant, and the amount of bone within the pores of the implant were all significantly (p < or = 0.05) greater in the femora that had an implant with osteogenin than in those that had an implant without osteogenin at most time-periods. The presence of osteogenin had no significant effect on the biomechanical parameters measured in this study.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Labor induction in cows and its effect on the development of biochemical and hematologic indicators in the blood of calves].

The effect of induction of parturitions in the 1-2 weeks of pregnancy was tested as exerted on the health of calves and on some biochemical and hematological indicators. The observations concerned 26 cows, out of which 14 cows (experimental group) were applied intramuscularly 500 micrograms of synthetic analog of prostaglandin F2 of alpha- cloprostenol. The other 12 cows were a control group. These indicators were determined in the blood of calves before colostrum intake, in 24 h, 5 and 15 days from the intake of the first colostrum ration: acid-base balance, hematocrit and leucocyte counts, in the blood plasma it was concentrations of glucose, urea, Na, K, Ca, inorganic P, vitamin A and E levels and AST and GMT activities. The same range of examinations was performed in the blood and/or in the blood plasma of cows, in addition to urea screening. Blood and urea samples were taken a month before and a month after parturition. No deviations from the normal state were found by the examination of highly-pregnant cows. Afterbirth retention was found in 87% cows of the experimental group after parturition, while it was only 9.8% in the control group. All the calves in the experiment had good vitality, very good health in the course of 15-day observation. There were not any significant differences in the birth weight and weight gains of the calves of experimental and control groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Effects of H1-receptor antagonists on nasal obstruction in atopic patients.

The aim of this study is to investigate whether H1-receptor antagonists, besides their effect on nasal itching and sneezing, also have a measurable effect on nasal obstruction caused by allergen challenge. The antihistamine used was astemizole (10 mg) versus placebo, in a double-blind, cross-over, randomized study of two groups. Between the two sessions there was a wash-out period of at least 4 weeks. Seven patients of both sexes, with proven allergy to grass pollen, underwent a specific long-term provocation with grass pollen in the Vienna challenge chamber. Using a physiological method of challenge and a sensitive method for evaluating nasal function, we were able to prove H1-receptor antagonist influence on nasal airway obstruction. The main parameters obtained are nasal flow and nasal resistance at 75, 150 and 300 Pa, evaluated by active anterior rhinomanometry. We also investigated subjective symptom scores (0-3) of nasal, eye, and lung symptoms. It can be shown that the nasal flow under astemizole treatment is statistically significantly higher than the nasal flow under placebo treatment (P = 0.034). This is in accordance with the findings in subjective nasal itching and sneezing.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Identification of a portable determinant of cell cycle function within the carboxyl-terminal domain of the yeast CDC34 (UBC3) ubiquitin conjugating (E2) enzyme.

The ubiquitin conjugating (E2) enzyme encoded by CDC34 (UBC3) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is required for the G1 to S transition of the cell cycle. CDC34 consists of a 170 residue amino-terminal domain that is homologous to that found in other E2s, followed by a 125 residue carboxyl-terminal domain that is specific to CDC34. We found that a truncation mutant of CDC34 which lacked the CDC34 carboxyl-terminal domain could not support the essential function of CDC34 in the cell cycle in vivo. To explore further the role of the carboxyl-terminal domain in determining the cell cycle function of CDC34, we constructed and characterized genes encoding chimeric E2s incorporating sequences from CDC34 and the related but functionally distinct E2 RAD6 (UBC2). We found that a construct encoding a chimeric RAD6-CDC34 ubiquitin conjugating enzyme, in which the 21 residue acidic carboxyl-terminal domain of RAD6 has been replaced with the 125 residue carboxyl-terminal domain of CDC34, performed the essential functions of CDC34 in vivo. This chimeric E2 also complemented the growth deficiency, UV sensitivity and sporulation deficiency of rad6 mutant strains. Deletion analysis of the CDC34 carboxyl-terminal domain in both CDC34 and the RAD6-CDC34 chimeric E2 identified a region comprising residues 171-244 of CDC34 that was sufficient to confer CDC34 function on the amino-terminal domains of CDC34 and RAD6. We suggest that this region interacts with substrates of CDC34 or with trans-acting factors (such as CDC34-specific ubiquitin protein ligases) that govern the substrate selectivity of CDC34. Congruent results demonstrating a positive role for the carboxyl-terminal domain of CDC34 in the essential function of CDC34 have also been obtained by Silver et al. (1992) and are reported in the accompanying paper.

Anaphase-Promoting Complex-Cyclosome↗
PubMed1989

Neuropathic arthropathy associated with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy.

We report a patient who developed acute neuropathic arthropathy secondary to chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy. The association between these two conditions has not been previously reported. Their relationship is important to understand, as many other forms of inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy share a similar pathology and are therefore susceptible to a similar complication.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

[The effect of subclinical ketosis in dry cows on the composition of the colostrum and on health indicators in newborn calves].

Subclinical ketosis of dry cows was studied as to its effect on the composition of colostrum and on the health condition and selected clinico-biochemical parameters in the new-born calves of these cows. The experimental group consisted of eight cows with ketonuria and their calves. The control group consisted of six cows without ketonuria and their new-born calves. Calves of both groups were reared in similar conditions. Colostrum samples were taken from the first milking and then from the milking 24 hours after parturition. The blood of the calves was sampled before the intake of colostrum and 24 hours after birth. The concentration of ketone bodies, particularly beta-hydroxybutyrate, was much higher in the colostrum of both groups of cows than in the blood (62.6 mg total ketone bodies per 1 litre of the first colostrum of the cows of the experimental group). The concentration of ketone bodies slightly increased after parturition. The cows with ketonuria secreted into colostrum a larger amount of oxidated ketone bodies. Colostrum quality was good in both groups. Decreased viability was not recorded during the clinical examination of the calves after birth. The level of total ketone bodies in the blood of pre-colostral calves in the experimental group was 10.4 mg per litre (a much lower concentration than in blood of their dams), and exhibited no appreciable change after taking in the colostrum. The blood of calves born to cows with ketonuria contained significantly higher amounts of oxidated ketone bodies. No correlation was demonstrated between the contents of ketone bodies in the blood of cows, in the blood of calves, and in the colostrum. The calves of the experimental group were found to have a significantly higher AST activity in plasma, as compared with the control group. Twenty-four hours after birth, the quantity of immunoglobulins in the blood serum was significantly lower in the calves of the experimental group. Thanks to good attendance and hygiene, the morbidity did not increase and no losses occurred.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1988

Reduction of mutagenicity and toxicity of aflatoxin B1 by chlorine gas treatment.

Chlorine gas was used to treat aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). The time-related exposure study showed that 4 ml (15 mg) pure chlorine gas caused about 90% destruction of 100 micrograms AFB1 within 10 min, at standard temperature and pressure. Four fluorescent reaction products were produced, two of which were identified as 8,9-dichloro-AFB1 and 8,9-dihydroxy-AFB1 (diol). The use of [14C]AFB1 confirmed the 90% destruction of the compound by chlorine gas. An increased destruction of AFB1 also occurred when an increased amount of chlorine gas was used. The mutagenic activity of the AFB1 sample treated for 10 min was reduced to about 5% of the untreated control using the Salmonella typhimurium strain TA98 in the presence of a rat-liver S-9 mix. A similar time-related reduction in AFB1 toxicity after chlorine treatment was also achieved using the chicken embryo toxicity assay.

Aflatoxin B1↗
PubMed1988

What's new in the importance of receptors in pathology?

Highly organized multicellular organisms require a complex system of intercellular communication to coordinate the great variety of physiological functions. Major components of this system are the (i) signalling substances delivering the information and (ii) the corresponding cellular receptors recognizing the information and translating them to special intracellular organelles of the target cell. For the process of signal binding and transmission various types of receptor proteins are known playing a key role in the mutual understanding between cells. The present paper comprehends lectures on functions and deficiencies of the different types of cell receptors given during the Symposion on "Receptors in Pathology" during the 11th European Congress of Pathology. Each section is written under the personal responsibility of the author indicated.

Breast Diseases↗
PubMed1988

Characterization of cross-reactive proteins detected by Culturette Brand Rapid Latex Test for Clostridium difficile.

Clostridium sporogenes, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, and Bacteroides asaccharolyticus have been reported to react in the Culturette Brand Rapid Latex Test (Marion Scientific, Div. Marion Laboratories, Inc., Kansas City, Mo.) for Clostridium difficile. From the results of this study we showed that C. sporogenes and P. anaerobius produce a protein which is very similar biochemically and immunologically to the protein of C. difficile that is detected by the test. Thus, the positive latex reactions observed with C. sporogenes and P. anaerobius are due to a cross-reactive protein. We did not detect this cross-reactive protein in filtrates from B. asaccharolyticus, indicating that this bacterium reacts with the latex reagent by some other mechanism. We cloned the C. difficile gene that codes for the cross-reactive protein and showed that the protein produced by the recombinant organism is nontoxic and distinct from toxin A, thus confirming our earlier findings.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1988

[Regional differences in urbanization].

"Relying on population data of Hungary's town network, the authors review temporal and regional differences in urbanization. They trace back the data of 109 towns...[from] 1985 to the first official census of population, then they analyse by means of rank correlation the lags appearing in the concentration rate of urban population.... The authors think that urbanization of small towns might be the key element in the spatial and structural extension of urbanization. In the authors' opinion the lasting regional differences of urbanization determine also the centres of gravity of future development." (SUMMARY IN ENG AND RUS)

Demography↗