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J Taillandier

Publications and source records attributed to J Taillandier.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Osteonecrosis, metastases and bronchial carcinoid].

The authors report the case of a 35-year-old woman undergoing surgery in 1976 for a bronchial carcinoid tumour, considered to be benign. Twelve years later, diagnostic evaluation of liver metastases led to the discovery of an asymptomatic lesion of D10, the CT scan and NMR appearances of which were suggestive of osteonecrosis, a diagnosis confirmed histologically. Investigations were repeated 2 years later because of spinal pain. While NMR and CT scan remained compatible with bone necrosis, biopsy on this occasion confirmed the presence of carcinoid tumour. These rare tumours metastasise little. Secondary bone deposits, essentially axial, are of an osteoblastic nature. The lesion seen in our patient was closer to idiopathic bone infarcts or those associated with Gaucher's or sickle cell diseases than to classical vertebral osteonecrosis. The relationship between vertebral necrosis and metastasis remains obscure.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Pneumococcal vaccination of elderly individuals.

Pneumococcal infections are still a cause of high morbidity and mortality in elderly populations. Since antibiotics are not wholly effective, vaccination should be performed. The response to pneumococcal vaccination of a limited group of elderly persons aged 60 to 90 years was studied. The sera of most individuals were found to contain antipneumococcal antibodies prior to vaccination. Vaccination resulted in antibody level increases in sera of all subjects except two. On the basis of antibody levels, 19 out of 20 vaccinees proved to be protected after vaccination. Combination of vaccination with a non-specific immunostimulation enhanced the antibody response.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Mediastinal adenopathy and cancer of the prostate].

The authors report a case of metastases from a carcinoma of prostate producing mediastinal adenopathy with compression. The clinical presentation was unusual as this is an unusual area for lymphadenopathy and an abnormal lymphatic pattern was invoked as a possible cause or that the lymphatic channels communicating with these nodes had an abnormal thoracic duct. The aetiological diagnosis was facilitated by the presence of a specific prostatic antigen on the lymph node biopsy which allowed one to use an effective androgen suppression therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Usefulness of influenza vaccination in the elderly.

Since influenza morbidity and mortality are high in the elderly, the usefulness of vaccination has been evaluated. One hundred and twenty-six older persons aged 60-90 yr were given a vaccine consisting of the 3 antigens Singapore, Shanghaï and Yamagata, the latter 2 being new antigens. Antibody levels for each of the antigens were determined by ELISA calibrated in HA units prior to and 1 month after vaccination. Before vaccination, antibodies to Shanghaï and Singapore antigens were found in practically all sera tested, and antibodies to Yamagata antigen in only 66% of sera. After vaccination, significant levels of antibodies to all 3 antigens were found in sera tested. Thus, it was observed that influenza vaccination proved to be effective in the elderly. The elderly should be immunized against influenza, since this is a safe and efficacious preventive measure. In addition, vaccination should limit the spreading of influenza in nursing homes.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Osteoarticular complications after hepatic transplantation].

Between January and December 1989, among 396 patients receiving liver transplantation, 27 have developed 33 post-transplantation osteoarticular complications (27 non septic and 6 septic episodes). After liver transplantation, non septic complications are distinct from the pattern observed after kidney transplantation with a lower prevalence of avascular bone necrosis (n = 4) but a higher prevalence of new vertebral fractures (n = 18) and presence of stress fracture (n = 3). This difference is probably caused by the lower steroids dosage in liver transplantation and by the preexisting bone status which is different in kidney and liver graft recipients. These complications are essentially observed in cirrhosis (n = 12) and primary biliary cirrhosis (n = 10). Staphylococcus aureus is found in 5/6 osteoarticular infections whereas extra-osteoarticular (essentially intra-abdominal) infections are mainly due to Gram negative bacteria and candidiasis. Finally, 2 patients presented hypertrophic osteoarthropathy associated with chronic graft rejection, reversible after liver retransplantation.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[An increase of choleresis in secondary biliary cirrhosis in rats is caused by bile duct secretion].

Bile flow may be considerably increased in human cirrhosis. The mechanism of this increase has not been established. Two mechanisms have been proposed: a) increased canalicular filtration because of sinusoidal hypertension, or b) secretion by proliferated bile ductules. To distinguish between these two possibilities, we examined the determinants of bile secretion in rats with secondary biliary cirrhosis after bile duct obstruction. Sham-operated animals served as controls. Four weeks after bile duct ligation, all animals had cirrhosis. Bile flow was significantly higher and bile salt secretion significantly lower in cirrhotic animals than in controls. Biliary bicarbonate concentration was significantly higher in cirrhotic animals than in controls. Bile-to-plasma concentration ratio of erythritol was significantly lower in cirrhotic animals than in controls, suggesting a dilution of erythritol by a secretion distal to bile canaliculi. Bile-to-plasma ratio of sucrose was not significantly different in cirrhotics and controls, suggesting that paracellular permeability was not modified. Secretin, at the dose of 3 clinical units/100 g, induced an increase of approximately 75 percent in bile flow, and 70 percent in biliary bicarbonate concentration in cirrhotics. In conclusion, bile flow was increased in biliary cirrhosis in rats. The dilution of erythritol, the increase in biliary bicarbonate concentration and the increased response to secretin strongly suggest that increased choleresis was due, at least in part, to secretion by bile ductules or ducts. These results confirm that secondary biliary cirrhosis is a good experimental model for the study of alterations of bile secretion in cirrhosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of chronic administration of cyclosporin A on choleresis in rats].

The effect of therapeutic doses of cyclosporine A (CyA) on bile flow and bile salt output was studied in the rat. Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats (250 to 380 g) were injected intraperitoneally with CyA (n = 15) or vehicle (n = 15) at the dose of 10 mg.kg-1 for 3 weeks. The effect of CyA on basal and taurocholate-induced bile flow, on basal bile salt output and bile salt output under taurocholate infusion, and the effect of chronic administration of CyA on bile salt-independent bile flow was evaluated. Administration of CyA was associated with a decrease in basal bile flow (5.6 +/- 0.7 vs 6.7 +/- 0.7 microliters.min-1.100 g-1; p less than 0.001) and bile flow under taurocholate infusion (8.0 +/- 0.8 vs 10.9 +/- 1.1 microliters.min-1.100 g-1; p less than 0.001). Basal bile salt output (133.9 +/- 48.2 vs 173.8 +/- 53.6 nmol.min-1.100 g-1; p less than 0.003) and bile salt output under the infusion of taurocholate were significantly lower in cyclosporine-treated rats than in controls (443.3 +/- 48.2 vs 617.2 +/- 172.7 nmol.min-1.100 g-1; p less than 0.001). There was no significant difference in bile salt-independent bile flow between the 2 groups. There was no modification of seric alanine aminotransferase activity or hepatic histology. This study confirms that chronic administration of CyA at therapeutic doses can induce cholestasis. Cholestasis is related mainly to a decrease in bile salt secretion and bile salt-dependent flow.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Resection of the prostate after 75 years].

The authors report a series of 100 endoscopic resections performed in patients over the age of 75 years. In patients with no risk factors, there was no mortality and the morbidity was 5%. In patients with one risk factor, mortality was 5% and morbidity was 10%.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Treatment of cerebral aging disorders with Ginkgo biloba extract. A longitudinal multicenter double-blind drug vs. placebo study].

The effectiveness of Ginkgo biloba extract in the treatment of cerebral disorders due to ageing was evaluated in a multicentric, double-blind, drug versus placebo trial involving 166 patients. In this study carried out under strict methodological conditions a specially devised geriatric clinical evaluation scale was used. The results confirmed that Ginkgo biloba extract is effective against cerebral disorders due to ageing. The difference between control and treatment groups became significant at 3 months and increased during the following months. These results were concordant with the overall clinical assessment made by the specialist in charge.

Aged↗