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Biomedical subjects

J T Wagner

Publications and source records attributed to J T Wagner.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Interviewing children about real and fictitious events: revisiting the narrative elaboration procedure.

Elementary school children participated in a staged event. Two weeks later they were randomly assigned to three interview conditions: (a) a streamlined version of the Narrative Elaboration (NE) procedure involving training in the use of reminder cue cards, (b) exposure to reminder cue cards without training in their use (cue card control group), and (c) a standard interview including no NE training or exposure to reminder cue cards (standard-interview control group). Children in each interview condition were questioned about the staged event and a fictitious event to determine whether children trained in the streamlined NE procedure would provide more information about a staged event than would children in the two control groups and whether the NE interview would result in increased reporting of false information when questioned about a fictitious event. Results indicated that children questioned with the NE interview reported a greater amount of accurate, but not a greater amount of inaccurate, information during cue-card presentation for the staged event than did the cue-card control group. Analyses further indicated that the NE-interview group did not report significantly more false information about the fictitious event than did children in the two control groups. Large standard deviations for the NE-interview children's cue-card recall indicate that the streamlined NE procedure was useful for many children in reporting the staged event, but may have contributed to a small number of children providing false information for the fictitious event. Further research is being conducted to determine which children may be more likely to be helped and which children may be more likely to provide false information regarding a fictitious event.

Bias↗
PubMed1998

Glutamate dehydrogenase, the marker protein of Plasmodium falciparum--cloning, expression and characterization of the malarial enzyme.

The gene of an NADP+-specific glutamate dehydrogenase was cloned from Plasmodium falciparum, the causative agent of tropical malaria. Southern-blot analysis indicates a single-copy gene. The gene encodes a protein with 470 residues which has 50% of all residues identical with those of the glutamate dehydrogenases from other low eukaryotes and eubacteria. In contrast, the sequence identity with the human enzyme is marginal, which underlines the long evolutionary distance between parasite and host. The gene was overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The kinetic properties of the recombinant enzyme are in good agreement with those of the authentic enzyme. The parasite enzyme is inhibited by D-glutamate and glutarate, but not by chloroquine. Like other coenzyme-specific glutamate dehydrogenases, but in contrast to the dual-specific mammalian enzymes, the P. falciparum enzyme is not affected by GTP and ADP. The physical and chemical properties of the protein are in accordance with the cytosol being the major localization. The gene does not encode a cleavable mitochondrial presequence and the Mr of the recombinant protein and the protein isolated from the parasite are indistinguishable on SDS/PAGE. Western-blot analysis of stage-specific parasites shows that glutamate dehydrogenase is present in all intraerythrocytic stages. The signal increased continuously from rings, early trophozoites to late trophozoites and decreased slightly in the segmenter stage. Glutamate dehydrogenase, suggested to be the major source of NADPH in the parasite, is an attractive target molecule for the rational development of new antimalarial drugs.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1997

A perspective from clinical and business ethics on adverse events in hospitalized patients.

Adverse events occur in a significant, but undetermined, number of hospitalized patients. These types of patient injuries are more often the result of faulty systems than human maleficence. A culture exists among health care providers that discourages the reporting of such events and resists the implementation of formal efforts to eliminate them. This resistance serves to perpetuate the problem. Both business and clinical ethics argue that sound reasons exist for hospitals to reduce, if not eliminate, adverse events. To do so is cost effective, particularly in a managed care environment. It is also at the heart of responsible professional behavior. Physicians are afforded an opportunity to be at the forefront in this quality improvement effort.

Accidents↗
PubMed1996

Spiritual issues and bioethics in the intensive care unit: the role of the chaplain.

This article familiarizes the reader with the contributions of a hospital chaplain regarding spiritual and ethical issues in the intensive care unit. The unique training and perspective of the hospital chaplain are reviewed to explain how the chaplain and the parish minister compare. Cases are presented to illustrate how the chaplain functions, and specific topics of concern that relate bioethical issues with spiritual issues, such as organ donation, are addressed. Faith in "miracles" is discussed within a framework for interpreting religious ideation, particularly when belief prolongs death.

Critical Care↗
PubMed1990

Neonatal ethics: development of a consultative group.

Experience of a neonatal ethics advisory group in a tertiary care setting was reviewed to identify which aspects of the experience have been most valuable in the development of a consultative group. Consultations were requested for 31 patients seen from August 1984 through December 1988. Review of these patients indicated that 21 of 31 infants were born after full-term gestations, 11 of 31 infants were seen beyond the neonatal period, and some type of congenital anomaly was the principal diagnosis for 64.7% of the patients. The reasons for seeking consultation primarily involved decisions regarding withdrawal or withholding of treatment. For 22 of the 31 patients, the consensus of the group supported the decision of the health care team. In the remaining consultations, the recommendation of the group was that more information and/or communication was needed. In the analysis of the neonatal ethics advisory group's experience with consultations the characteristics of neonatal patients were identified and the value of having a forum for discussing the difficult ethical issues facing members of the health care team were validated.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1977

Rapping with a chaplain.

Group discussions for senior physical therapy students, led by the hospital chaplain, were held at the University of Florida Medical Center. The idea for these "rap sessions" originated with the Department of Physical Therapy at Shands Teaching Hospital. The content of the discussions grew out of the students' experiences during their clinical assignments. The experience was deemed beneficial to the learning process by students, clinic staff, and faculty and helped to create a more relaxed atmosphere for learning in the clinic.

Group Processes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Posterior tibial tendon rupture: classification, modified surgical repair, and retrospective study.

Posterior tibial tendon rupture is often misdiagnosed. The authors have presented a retrospective study of a new variation to the repair of this tendon. The anatomy, physiology, etiology, clinical manifestations, radiographic and magnetic resonance imaging, and historical methods are reviewed. A classification scheme based on location and appearance is discussed. A review of 17 cases was performed with results of 88% pain relief following the discussed procedure.

Adult↗