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J T Sinski

Publications and source records attributed to J T Sinski.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

A survey of dermatophytes from human patients in the United States from 1985 to 1987.

A survey of dermatophytes isolated from patients seeking medical advice was made from 1985 to 1987 in the United States. The survey included 54 locations with data from 45 cities and one state. Listing of the isolated dermatophytes and the frequency given by percentage of the total follows: Trichophyton rubrum 54.8%, T. tonsurans 31.3%, T. mentagrophytes 6.0%, Microsporum canis 4.0%, Epidermophyton floccosum 2.0%, M. gypseum 0.6%, and T. verrucosum 0.2%. Out of a total of 14,696 isolates M. audouinii was cultured 13 times, T. violaceum 12 times, M. nanum 6 times, T. terrestre 4 times, and T. soudanense twice. Single isolations were made of M. fulvum, M. ferrugineum and T. schoenleinii. Collection of dermatophyte data in Tucson, Arizona, began in 1966. In 1987, the first case of tinea capitis caused by T. tonsurans was observed. Other isolates of this organism as the cause of tinea capitis were made in this city during that year. These infections were in black children. With the recent growth of Tucson, the percentage of blacks in the population increased and this pathogen was introduced into the general population.

Arthrodermataceae↗
PubMed1987

A survey of dermatophytes isolated from human patients in the United States from 1982 to 1984.

A survey of dermatophytes isolated from patients seeking medical advice was made from 1982 to 1984 in the United States. The survey included 59 locations with data from 49 cities and one state. Listing of the isolated dermatophytes and the frequency given by percentage of total follows: Trichophyton rubrum 46.8%, T. tonsurans 33.3%, T. mentagrophytes 10.1%, Microsporum canis 4.5%, Epidermophyton floccosum 3,5%, M. gypseum and T. verrucosum both 0.7%, M. audouinii and T. terrestre both 0.1%, and T. violaceum 0.06%. No isolations of M. ferrugineum or T. schoenleinii were reported. Temporal increases were observed for frequencies of T. mentagrophytes, T. tonsurans and M. canis, and decreases occurred for frequencies of E. floccosum and T. rubrum when the data from this survey were compared by the goodness of fit test to data of the 1979 to 1981 survey. The percent of dermatophyte isolations identified as T. tonsurans correlated significantly with the percentage of blacks in cities of 100,000 or more people.

Arthrodermataceae↗
PubMed1984

A survey of dermatophytes isolated from human patients in the United States from 1979 to 1981 with chronological listings of worldwide incidence of five dermatophytes often isolated in the United States.

A survey of dermatophytes isolated from patients seeking medical advice was made from 1979 to 1981 in the United States. The survey included 54 locations with data from 40 cities and 2 states. Correlations of these data with that of the other localities of the world were made to illustrate the dynamic epidemiology of several common dermatophytes. The most often isolated dermatophyte in this survey was Trichophyton rubrum having 53.66% of the total for these three calendar years. In a chronological listing of ringworm infections caused by this organism, many areas of the world have reported similar increased incidence of this pathogen. Trichophyton tonsurans was isolated 27.85% of the total. A dramatic increase of this pathogen as a cause of tinea capitis has been observed in most cities of the United States. It has been isolated in 25 different countries of the world. The percentage of isolation of Trichophyton mentagrophytes was 8.56%. This percentage may not be near the true incidence of infection by this dermatophyte because the infections are mild and respond to treatment without the individual seeking medical advice. Since the 1950s the percentage of isolations of the total has dropped for T. mentagrophytes in the United States. Epidermophyton floccosum accounted for 4.36% of the total. In a few areas of the world it causes over 30% of the total of dermatophytoses. Microsporum canis was isolated 3.72% of the total in the United States. It has recently been reported to be the dominant agent of tinea capitis in several South American countries, Tucson, Arizona and Kuwait. Once the dominant pathogen of tinea capitis in children in the United States, it was replaced by Microsporum audouinii before 1960. Today in the United States, M. audouinii only accounts for 0.30% of the total. It is considered eliminated as a pathogen in England. In this survey, isolated less than 1.0% of the total were Microsporum gypseum. Microsporum ferrugineum , Microsporum nanum , Microsporum fulvum and Trichophyton schoenleinii . Trichophyton meginii and Trichophyton terrestre were reported isolated but no numerical data were available.

Arthrodermataceae↗
PubMed1981

Analysis of tests used to differentiate Trichophyton rubrum from Trichophyton mentagrophytes.

Differential identification of Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes was evaluated by using the standard in vitro hair perforation test as a criterion for identification and comparing its effectiveness with that of nine other tests used to differentiate these two taxa. Correlation and multiple regression analysis showed that no single test or combination of these tests was able to make the differentiation as effectively as the standard in vitro hair perforation test. Using relative error analysis, we suggest an identification scheme based upon selective utilization of potato-carrot agar for sporulation and the standard in vitro hair perforation test. Using potato-carrot agar for development of typical microconidia on each of the nonsporulating primary isolates and subsequently performing the standard in vitro hair perforation test only on those isolates that failed to produce spores on potato-carrot medium, we showed that this combination scheme provides more expedient results, without any sacrifice in reliability, than the standard in vitro hair perforation test alone.

Culture Media↗
PubMed1980

Effect of moderately elevated temperatures on dermatophyte survival in clinical and laboratory-infected specimens.

The effect of increased temperature during transportation of clinical dermatophyte specimens was investigated. Recovery rates from untransported specimens cultured at dermatologists' offices and from duplicate transported specimens were compared. During the months of hot weather specimens could be exposed intermittently to temperatures as high as 60 degrees C during transportation from Tucson area clinics to the University laboratory. The rates of recovery from known positive specimens were found not to be significantly different at these places regardless whether specimens were transported during the hot months or cooler months of the year. In a controlled experimental approach to the effect of this elevated temperature on clinical specimens weighed amounts of skin scales collected from guinea pigs artificially infected with Trichophyton mentagrophytes were exposed to 60 degrees C for up to four hours and then digested with 0.5% (:300) trypsin for one hour. Analysis of plate counts done from the digestion mixture showed no significant difference between counts obtained from specimens exposed to elevated temperature and unexposed controls.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Comparison of gentamicin with other antibacterials and variation of incubation temperature on growth of trichophyton mentagrophytes from skin scales.

Neutral (Emmons modification) Sabouraud medium, Dermatophyte Test Medium and Littman oxgall agar, with substitutions in type of antibacterial antibiotic, were quantitatively evaluated by colony counts for ability to support growth when suspensions of trypsintreated guinea pig skin scales, infected with Trichophyton mentagrophytes, were used as inocula. Both liquid and powder form of gentamicin sulfate were used separately in place of other routinely used antibacterial antibiotics. Also evaluated were three isolation temperatures. No differences in ability to support growth were noted among media. No difference was noted between the two forms of gentamicin. No data were available on the antibacterial activities of the antibiotics because no bacterial growth was produced on any of the media. Room temperature (24 degrees-26 degrees C), 30 degrees C and 37 degrees C were found to support growth similarly as primary isolation temperatures for this fungus.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Effect of storage temperature on viability of Trichophyton mentagrophytes in infected guinea pig skin scales.

The effect of storage temperature on the viability of Trichophyton mentagrophytes in infected guinea pig skin scales was quantitatively evaluated for 182 days. Infected skin scales were stored, while protected from light, in glass containers with desiccant at four temperatures and sampled after saline treatment at various time intervals. No decrease in viability was observed for storage at 4 degrees C, room temperature, or 30 degrees C. Storage at 37 degrees C resulted in a significant loss in viability.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Dermatophyte isolation media: quantitative appraisal using skin scales infected with Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton rubrum.

Various dermatophyte isolation media were quantitatively appraised by colony counts for their ability to support growth when suspensions of trypsin-treated infected-skin scales were used as inocula. Evaluation included guinea pig skin scales infected with a granular Trichophyton mentagrophyton mentagrophytes, and one trial was conducted using human skin scales infected with Trichophyton rubrum. No differences in the ability to support growth were observed among Taplin Dermatophyte Test medium, Dermatophyte Test Medium (Schering Diagnostics, Port Reading, N.J.),Sabouraud medium plus cycloheximide and chloramphenicol, Youssef medium for dermatophytes product no. 103S semisynthetic lots no. 106 and no. 107. With skin scales not grossly contaminated with bacteria, similar counts were obtained with Littman oxgall agar without antibiotics. Youssef medium for dermatophytes product no. 103N natural lot no. 109 was significantly different from the other media in that lower counts were obtained.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Coccidioidin and merthiolate in previously sensitized animals.

The effect of merthiolate, which is used as a preservative in skin test materials, on skin test reactions was determined in guinea pigs. In four groups of animals, merthiolate in basal medium produced skin tests at 24 and 48 h characterized by erythema and/or induration in an intermediate region, i.e., 5 plus or minus 2.2 mm. One of the four groups of animals was a nonsensitized control group. The other three groups were subcutaneously sensitized with (i) merthiolate and saline, (ii) killed Coccidioides immitis arthrospores, and (iii) merthiolate with killed C. immitis arthrospores. Coccidioidin only and merthiolate in coccidioidin produced positive delayed results in groups 3 and 4, which were sensitized with arthrospores. A synergistic effect of merthiolate and coccidioidin was observed in animals of group 4 sensitized by merthiolate with killed C. immitis arthrospores. This effect was observed at 24 h when positive reactions of coccidioidin with merthiolate were significantly greater than skin tests with plain coccidioidin.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Quantitative assay of dermatophyte-infected guinea pig skin scales.

A technique to obtain homogeneous suspensions of fungal particles in scrapings from infected skin was devised that permits delivering uniform inocula to culture media being evaluated for suitability as primary isolation media for dermatophytes. The technique consisted of trypsinization of the scales, utilizing scrapings from lesions experimentally induced with an isolate of Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. granulare on guinea pigs. Optimal conditions for dislodging the fungal particles were assessed by colony counts. One-hour treatments with 0.5% (1:300) trypsin yielded the highest counts.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Pagano-Levin Candida test medium: evaluation using vaginal samples.

Since 1958 pagano-Levin medium (PLM) has been used as an aid in the identification of Candida albicans. However, no statistical analysis of its effectiveness based on large number of random human specimens has been reported. The present study compared PLM (now called Candida test) with Sabouraud's plus antimicrobials and Littman's ox-gall agar without antimicrobials. Of 500 random vaginal samples 24.8 were true positives, 71.9% were true negatives, 2.2% were false positives, and 1.2% were false negatives on PLM. If only samples identified as C. albicans were considered, 95.4% were true positives and 4.6% were false negatives. PLM did not inhibit C. albicans from the vagina. No one medium was found superior to the others for the purpose of isolating and identifying C. albicans. Of the five strains of C. parapsilosis, the only other Candida species isolated, all the samples grew on PLM but most were inhibited on Sabouraud's medium plus antimicrobials.

Candida↗
PubMed1973

Macrophage migration technique using coccidioidin.

Guinea pigs sensitized by repeated skin testing with potent, merthiolated coccidioidin, equal to Smith standard, exhibited erythema, edema, and an induration-like reaction to intradermal injection of the preparation. No statistically significant migration inhibition of peritoneal exudate macrophages from these animals was observed.

Animals↗