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Biomedical subjects

J T Moranville

Publications and source records attributed to J T Moranville.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Negative symptomatology in schizophrenic outpatients.

This study examines the prevalence of negative symptoms, and assesses the convergence of negative and depressive symptoms in 60 chronically ill schizophrenic outpatients. Negative symptoms were assessed with the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms and the negative symptom cluster of the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). Depressive symptoms were assessed with the depression subscale of the Brief Symptom Inventory and the depressive symptom cluster of the BPRS. A majority of patients in this group of relatively stable, schizophrenic outpatients demonstrated mild to moderate degrees of both negative and depressive symptoms. Correlations were not significant between negative symptom and depressive symptom measures, which suggests that the symptom constructs are relatively independent. Comparisons between a subgroup with prominent negative symptoms (N = 18) and a subgroup with minimal negative symptoms (N = 32) also revealed no significant group differences in variables that characterize clinical course (i.e., age of onset and frequency and duration of hospitalization) or in the severity of depressive symptoms. This lack of any significant differences on the clinical course variables may be partially explained by the heterogeneity of negative symptoms. The constellation of negative symptoms may differ not only in etiology but also in their temporal relationships to other aspects of the patient's clinical course. Longitudinal studies will be needed to track the long-term outcome of negative and depressive symptoms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities in lenticular nuclei and cerebral cortex in schizophrenia.

Neuropathologic and brain imaging studies have produced evidence of brain abnormalities in schizophrenic patients, often within the cerebrum's limbic lobe, and, less frequently, within basal ganglia. In the present study we used magnetic resonance imaging morphometric techniques to estimate volumes of specific cerebral structures in schizophrenic patients and age- and sex-matched normal controls. Estimates of the volume of mesial temporal lobe structures were reduced and estimates of the volume of the lenticular nucleus were increased in the schizophrenic patients. There was also evidence of reduced cranial volume in some schizophrenics. The magnitude of the lenticular abnormality, but not the temporal lobe abnormality, was associated with age at first psychiatric contact; earlier onset was associated with larger lenticular nuclei. The possible relevance of these results to neurodevelopmental hypotheses about the pathogenesis of schizophrenia is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Antipsychotics.

The multiple medical problems in the geriatric population complicate the issues of diagnosis and management of behavioral symptoms. Systematic evaluation of the etiology, course, and prognosis of behavioral and psychotic symptoms associated with dementia may clarify the indications for treatment. Further research is needed to evaluate effective adjuncts and alternatives to neuroleptic treatment in the demented elderly and to minimize medication side effects.

Age Factors↗