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Biomedical subjects

J Sylvestre

Publications and source records attributed to J Sylvestre.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

The role of the 3' untranslated region in mRNA sorting to the vicinity of mitochondria is conserved from yeast to human cells.

We recently demonstrated, using yeast DNA microarrays, that mRNAs of polysomes that coisolate with mitochondria code for a subset of mitochondrial proteins. The majority of these mRNAs encode proteins of prokaryotic origin. Herein, we show that a similar association occurs between polysomes and mitochondria in human cells. To determine whether mRNA transport machinery is conserved from yeast to human cells, we examined the subcellular localization of human OXA1 mRNA in yeast. Oxa1p is a key component in the biogenesis of mitochondrial inner membrane and is conserved from bacteria to eukaryotic organelles. The expression of human OXA1 cDNA partially restores the respiratory capacity of yeast oxa1- cells. In this study, we demonstrate that 1) OXA1 mRNAs are remarkably enriched in mitochondrion-bound polysomes purified from yeast and human cells; 2) the presence of the human OXA1 3' untranslated region (UTR) is required for the function of the human Oxa1p inside yeast mitochondria; and 3) the accurate sorting of the human OXA1 mRNA to the vicinity of yeast mitochondria is due to the recognition by yeast proteins of the human 3' UTR. Therefore, it seems that the recognition mechanism of OXA1 3' UTR is conserved throughout evolution and is necessary for Oxa1p function.

Electron Transport Complex IV↗
PubMed1994

Effective methods for cash flow analysis.

This article discusses techniques that healthcare financial managers can use to interpret and evaluate information from the statement of cash flows for more effective financial decision-making. The use of these techniques as a basis for systematically planning and controlling cash flows has the potential to benefit all healthcare organizations.

Accounts Payable and Receivable↗
PubMed1994

Carney syndrome: radiologic features.

The Carney syndrome, first described in 1977, is characterized by the association of three rare tumours of different origin: gastric leiomyosarcoma, functioning extra-adrenal paraganglioma and pulmonary chondroma. The authors describe a young woman in whom gastric leiomyosarcoma, retroperitoneal paraganglioma and pulmonary chondroma developed. Radiologists should be aware of the possible association of these three types of neoplasia, because simple radiologic examination of the abdomen and the chest may lead to the correct diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of pleural masses.

Depending on the location, size, and underlying histologic features, pleural masses may produce a large spectrum of findings. While a number of imaging modalities may be used, plain chest radiographs remain the most common examination in the initial assessment of these patients. In this article, we review the use of two noninvasive techniques: computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. For the purpose of this review, localized pleural masses and diffuse pleural masses are discussed separately. Among the various pleural masses, metastatic disease represents the most frequent neoplasm.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1989

Malignant neoplasms of the trachea.

Tracheal tumors are rare. They tend to be diagnosed late because of delayed specific symptoms. Of the nine patients studied, eight had primary tumors (squamous cell carcinoma) and one had a metastasis from a primary colon cancer. Most of these tumors could be seen on good quality chest radiographs. Linear tomograms and esophagograms were useful. Computed tomography tends to underestimate the size of the lesion.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1987

Pulmonary complications of multimodality therapy for esophageal carcinoma.

Thirty patients with cancer of the esophagus were treated with multimodality therapy. We studied the incidence of pulmonary complications in these patients. The value of chest radiographs and sequential measurements of carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (DLco) in predicting pulmonary toxicity was determined. Patients were divided into two groups, according to treatment. Patients in group I (n = 16) received two cycles of chemotherapy (bleomycin 15 units/m2, cisplatinum 120 mg/m2, vincristine 2 mg) and radiotherapy (50 Gy). Based on the presence of interstitial lesions on chest radiographs in five patients the incidence of pulmonary toxicity was 32%. In four of these five patients such an appearance was preceded by a drop in DLco: this was documented in 8 of the 16 patients. Nine patients of group I underwent esophagectomy and four (44%) developed adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). In group II (n = 14) the tumor was resected without other treatment and four (29%) of these patients developed ARDS. The incidence of ARDS in both groups demonstrates that pulmonary complications are mainly related to surgical manipulation and to preexisting lung disease. Preoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy may be associated factors. Sequential measurements of DLco are more sensitive for detecting pulmonary damage than chest radiographs and should be used to predict pulmonary toxicity.

Bleomycin↗
PubMed1984

Hydrocephalus and headaches in Paget's disease of the skull: complete relief by ventriculo-atrial shunt.

A 76 year old patient with a long history of headaches was found to have Paget's disease and communicating hydrocephalus. There were (otherwise) no neurological or musculo-skeletal manifestations of Paget's disease, but moderate impairment of intellectual function was present. Treatment with disphosphonates did not bring any significant improvement, but three days following a ventriculo-atrial shunting procedure, the patient became headache-free for the first time in several years. In the literature, patients with hydrocephalus have been shown to respond quite unevenly to atrio-ventricular shunting, but in most instances the descriptions concerned advanced cases with well-established symptoms of dementia, ataxia and incontinence. Our case is reported to stress the importance of early diagnosis and management of hydrocephalus in Paget's disease for the prevention of widespread neurological dysfunction.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma: a cause of pulmonary nodules.

The radiological and histological appearance of pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma (PHG) and its pathogenesis are described. The histological features bear a striking resemblance to fibrosing mediastinitis. Patients present clinically with nonspecific respiratory or general symptoms. Slowly growing solitary or, more often, multiple nodules are found on radiographs of the chest, suggesting neoplastic disease. Four patients with PHG are described. Four patients with PHG are described. One had lesions in the kidneys that were pathologically identical to those of PHG. There is no clear etiology for this disease, but from the cases reported here and those reported previously it is postulated that diverse etiologic factors might lead to a common immunological response. Inflammatory agents such as tubercle bacilli or fungal organisms (e.g., Histoplasma), or a collagen or autoimmune disease may act as trigger mechanisms for the induction of PHG.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy in rectal cancer.

Chemotherapy by intra-arterial infusion, using mitomycin C and 5-fluorouracil, was administered to six patients with cancer of the rectum. In three patients who presented initially with an inoperable rectal tumour, medication was infused through the inferior mesenteric artery. Tumour regression was documented in all three, allowing subsequent resection in two. Of three other patients with locally recurrent rectal cancer, none showed tumour regression after infusion, but two experienced substantial relief of perineal pain, with improvement in the quality of life. Unexpected complications occurred in the form of a reversible ischemic colitis in two patients and an arterioenteric fistula in a third.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Digital angiography: current status.

Digital angiography depends upon computer recording and manipulation of the radiographic image rather than the use of film. We use a small focal spot x-ray tube, a cesium iodide image intensifier and the image is recorded on a 512 X 512 matrix at 1.2 frames per second. Subtraction angiograms have been obtained in 250 patients and 86% of the results were graded as either good or excellent in head and neck examinations. There is however a small proportion of patients in whom results are unsatisfactory and in whom this fact can be attributed most often to cardiac failure. The advantages of digital intravenous and intra-arterial subtraction angiography have been evaluated and amount to improved patient safety, high system contrast and favourable cost effectiveness; these outweigh the limitations of the restricted field of view and the relatively low resolution of the image in comparison with conventional arteriography.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Mucosal diaphragm and enteroliths of the small bowel causing obstruction in an adult.

A case of an ileal mucosal diaphragm with enteroliths causing obstruction in a 67-year-old man is reported. The distal site of the mucosal diaphragm, its relative patency, and the late formation of enteroliths, are thought to be the reasons for the delayed clinical manifestations of intestinal obstruction leading to the diagnosis of the abnormality.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Bowel displacement due to psoas muscle hypertrophy.

Extrinsic compression of the medial border of the ascending colon and bilateral small bowel displacement at the lumbosacral level were observed in a sportswoman. Psoas muscle hypertrophy was confirmed by computed tomography. This entity should be added to the differential diagnosis of bowel displacement.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Telemedicine in northern Quebec.

Television transmission of diagnostic and educational information can help to improve specialized medical care in remote and underserviced areas. This paper describes a pilot study in which the Canadian satellite Anik-B was used to link the James Bay area in northern Quebec with two large Montreal teaching hospitals. Broad-band real-time television was well suited for tele-education and teleconsultation activities. A much less costly method, using narrow-band slow-scan television, was also examined, but it requires improvements. The technology of telemedicine is in place, but its future use is impeded by the prohibitive costs of operating an efficient two-way broad-band television system for several remote health care sites. A solution to this problem may be an intermediate-band system combining some of the low-cost features of narrowband slow-scan television with the interactive high-resolution advantages of broad-band real-time television.

Canada↗
PubMed1982

[Pleural mesothelioma: 3 developmental forms].

In the medical literature, there have been fewer reports on benign pleural mesotheliomas than on their malignant counterparts. We have reviewed the clinical, radiological and pathological features of mesotheliomas seen at the Hôtel-Dieu in Montreal over the past ten years. This experience leads us to postulate that there are three types of mesothelioma. The malignant form is often typical. Pedunculated lesions most often prove to be asymptomatic and benign. However, we have identified an intermediate category where the definitive nature of the mesothelioma could only be established after long term follow-up of the biological behaviour of the tumor.

Adult↗