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Biomedical subjects

J Svendsen

Publications and source records attributed to J Svendsen.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Rare factor VII variant inherited through genetic variant in proband's mother and another genetic variant in proband's father.

An 11-year-old girl with hereditary factor-VII deficiency and her family have been studied for factor VII coagulation activity (VII:C) and factor VII antigen level (VII:Ag). The proband had 11% VII:C, whereas her VII:Ag was at a level that corresponds to about 50% coagulation activity. Forty-two members of the proband's family were tested. This study disclosed that the proband's factor VII deficiency had been inherited through both her mother and her father. Although her father was dead, testing of her father's family showed a factor VII defect of the type VII+ variant, that is, normal production of VII:Ag but reduced VII:C. The maternal side of her family was found to have reduced but identical levels of VII:C and VII:Ag (variant VIIR). The proband's factor VII deficiency is therefore apparently inherited through two different variants, and that could explain this rare genetic type of factor VII deficiency. To our knowledge no such variant has ever been described.

Antigens↗
PubMed1986

[Adult respiratory distress syndrome. Radiologic and clinical chemical findings].

Our present-day knowledge concerning the clinico-chemical and radiological findings in adult respiratory distress syndrome are described. Three typical case histories have been selected to illustrate this condition; they were due to multiple trauma or sepsis. It is stressed that radiology is in a key position for making the diagnosis and for observing the course of the illness.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[CT study of brain atrophy--the value of various study methods].

55 rather young patients suspected of dementia were examined via CT to assess the comparative value of various CT examination methods to determine cerebral atrophy. The patients were assessed clinically and classified as normal (24), slightly demented (21) and moderately demented (10). There were no severely demented patients. The parameters measured consisted of several diameters and indexes as well as the volume of the ventricular system and of the subarachnoidal space. The atrophy level was also determined visually. With the exception of the breadth of the third ventricle there was no correlation between internal cerebral atrophy and the level of dementia. Neither the mean breadths of four external sulci nor the volume of the subarachnoidal space (both being representative of external atrophy) showed any significant correlation with the degree of dementia of the patients on the levels 0.005 or 0.025, respectively. However, the results were not better than those obtained by visual assessment of external atrophy. Reasons are discussed why objective measurements do not yield reliable results.

Atrophy↗
PubMed1986

[CT study of aortic aneurysms with complications].

Two case reports demonstrate the value of CT examination in abdominal aortic aneurysms with complications where the diagnosis is doubtful although an acute operation is not indicated. The method is non-invasive, rapid, does not require anaesthesia, and yields detailed anatomical information on vascular and other structures as desired. It is variable in accordance with the problems to be solved.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Intestinal transmission of macromolecules (BSA and FITC-dextran) in the neonatal pig: enhancing effect of colostrum, proteins and proteinase inhibitors.

The effects of colostrum and constituents/factors in colostrum which may influence intestinal macromolecular transmission in the newborn preclosure pig were investigated. Unsuckled piglets were given, by use of a stomach tube, bovine serum albumin (BSA) and fluorescein-isothiocyanate (FITC)-labelled dextran 70,000 (FITC-D) as markers together with colostrum or the factors under study. The serum levels of BSA and FITC-D 4 h after feeding were then determined as a measure of the transfer. It was found that the two colostrums tested, bovine and especially porcine, markedly enhanced the transmission of both BSA and FITC-D. Furthermore, increasing amounts of the model proteins, BSA and bovine IgG (50-200 mg/ml), significantly increased the transfer of FITC-D, whereas unlabelled dextran 70,000 given in similar amounts did not. Proteinase inhibitors obtained from sow colostrum or soy bean also enhanced the transmission of both BSA and FITC-D while the inactive inhibitors, given as trypsin-inhibitor complexes, had no effect. On the other hand, addition of a proteinase, porcine trypsin, significantly decreased the transmission of FITC-D. These findings indicate that the intestinal transmission of macromolecules in the preclosure piglet is governed by the amount of protein available in the intestine. Therefore, feeding colostrum with a high protein content and proteinase inhibitors is likely to favour efficient intestinal transmission, although other colostrum factors may also be of importance.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Computer tomography in bone metastases].

A case is presented which bone metastasis could be proved by means of CT examination. This was in spite of normal bone scanning and normal X-ray findings for the lumbar column. The merits of the individual examination techniques are briefly discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Intestinal permeability to polyethyleneglycol 600 in relation to macromolecular 'closure' in the neonatal pig.

The intestinal permeability of different sized molecules in the neonatal pig was investigated. Piglets of varying age (0-168 h) were given a mixture of different sized polyethyleneglycols (414-942 dalton polyethyleneglycols) together with ovalbumin and bovine serum albumin by stomach tube, and the serum concentrations were determined two hours after feeding. Considerable amounts of ovalbumin and bovine serum albumin were found in the serum of animals up to 24 hours of age, whereas very little or none at all was found in sera from older animals. By contrast, an intestinal permeability barrier to polyethyleneglycols in the 414-942 dalton range was found not only in the older animals but in all pigs investigated, including the newborn, unsuckled. In addition, the permeability barrier to polyethyleneglycols was found in a pig which was starved to prevent macromolecular closure and, therefore, absorbed considerable amounts of bovine serum albumin and ovalbumin. These findings indicate that 414-942 dalton polyethyleneglycols cross the intestinal mucosa at different rates due to size regardless of age of the animals and regardless of whether the mucosa is permeable to protein or not. This suggests that low molecular weight molecules like 414-942 dalton polyethyleneglycols and macromolecules (proteins) cross the neonatal gut wall through different routes.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Intestinal transmission of macromolecules (BSA and FITC-labelled dextrans) in the neonatal pig. Influence of age of piglet and molecular weight of markers.

The intestinal transmission of two macromolecular markers, of similar molecular weight but different susceptibility to proteolytic digestion, was investigated in the neonatal pig. Piglets of varying age (0 h-7 days old) were given a mixture of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and fluorescein-isothiocyanate labelled dextran 70,000 (FITC-D 70) by stomach tube, and the serum concentrations were determined 2 h after feeding. A high correlation between the patterns of transmission were obtained for the two marker substances (r=0.91, n=39). Furthermore, a rapid decrease in the transmission of the markers was observed during the first day of life in suckled piglets, and intestinal macromolecular closure was well developed in the piglets after 18-36 h of life. These findings indicate that 'closure' is unrelated to changes in intestinal proteolytic activity. After closure, only small amounts of the markers were transmitted to the serum. During the first day of life, great individual differences in the transmission were found between piglets. As shown by feeding different-sized FITC-D (MW = 3,000-70,000 dalton) and unconjugated FITC (MW = 389 dalton), molecules having a molecular weight greater than 3,000 daltons were excluded upon macromolecular closure. On the other hand, smaller molecules like FITC were transmitted across the intestinal barriers independent of closure.

Aging↗
PubMed1982

Levels of serum protease inhibitors during fetal and postnatal development of the pig.

Using electroimmunoassay the levels of the individual protease inhibitors alpha-2-macroglobulin f, alpha-2-macroglobulin s, inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor, alpha-1-protease inhibitor and alpha-2-antitrypsin were studied in the serum and the amniotic fluid during the fetal and postnatal development of the pig. High concentrations, far above the adult ones, of alpha-2-antitrypsin and especially alpha-1-protease inhibitor, were observed in serum during the fetal period, contrary to the low levels of the alpha-macroglobulins. Thus, the development of these inhibitors in pigs differs markedly from the development in the human fetus. After birth, when the piglet had begun to suckle, the levels of all the inhibitors, except that of alpha-2-macroglobulin s, decreased. This can partly be explained by the dilution of the serum due to the increase in plasma volume and losses via the urine. The sharp increase of alpha-2-macroglobulin s during the first days after birth probably represented an extensive synthesis. All the inhibitors had attained their adult levels at about 35 days after birth. All the protease inhibitors studied, except for alpha-2-macroglobulin s, were found in the amniotic fluid, and reached the maximal levels at about 55-66 days of gestation. These inhibitors appeared to have fetal origin. The physiological significance of the protease inhibitors during fetal and neonatal development of the pig is discussed. it is suggested that the function of these inhibitors might be to protect the cells and tissues from proteolytic attack by the formation of inactive enzyme/inhibitors complexes.

Aging↗
PubMed1982

Protease inhibitor levels in porcine mammary secretions.

The total trypsin inhibiting capacity (TIC), and the content of the individual protease inhibitors, both the specific colostrum protease inhibitor (SCTI) and the serum-type inhibitors, i.e., alpha 2-macroglobulin f and s, inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor, alpha 2-antitrypsin and alpha 1-protease inhibitor, were quantified in porcine mammary secretions throughout lactation using immunoprecipitation methods. In addition, albumin, of serum origin, and beta-lactoglobulin, a milk-specific protein, were quantified and used as references. In presuckled colostrum, high levels of TIC, SCTI, albumin and beta-lactoglobulin were found, while the serum-type inhibitors appeared in amounts related to their molecular weights ranging from 3-6% of the adult serum levels for the macroglobulins to 42% for alpha 1-protease inhibitor. These parameters all decreased during lactation. The levels of TIC and SCTI especially decreased during the first days of lactation, and SCTI disappeared from milk after 5-7 days. Mature milk showed low TIC levels, about 0.1 IU/ml, which originated from the low amounts of the serum-type inhibitors (1-4% of the adult serum level). The levels of both alpha 2-macroglobulin f and s decreased less than albumin did in sow milk, while the other inhibitors decreased more or on the same order as albumin. A considerable variation in the amounts of the protease inhibitors between individuals and also between different teat secretions of the same sow, especially in colostrum, was evident. The possible physiological functions of the protease inhibitors in the mammary gland of the sow and in the gastrointestinal tract of her nursing offspring are discussed.

Albumins↗
PubMed1977

Studies of the pathogenesis of enteric E. coli infections in weaned pigs. The significance of the milk of the dam in preventing the disease.

Milk from sows whose progeny developed post weaning E. coli diarrhoea (PWD milk) and from sows which were immunized by intramuscular vaccination using a homologous strain of E. coli (immune milk) were tested in ligated segments of pig intestine. The results showed that PWD milk neutralized the enterotoxigenic, fluid accumulating capacity of the lysate of the disease-causing E. coli pathogen. A similar effect was seen by using immune milk (Table I). Neither PWD milk nor immune milk contained sufficient antibacterial activity to neutralize the fluid accumulating capacity of live cultures of E. coli O149:K91, while such activity was contained in immune serum. It is concluded that milk from sows whose progeny developed PWD contains antibodies capable of neutralizing the enterotoxigenic effects of the homologous E. coli organisms. It is suggested that the presence in milk from these sows of antibody-mediated activity against enteropathogenic E. coli organisms may be instrumental in preventing the disease in the progeny during the suckling period and consequently, when this protective milk supply stops at weaning, the disease may develop in susceptible animals, mainly because their own production of specific E. coli antibodies is insufficient to prevent PWD.

Animals↗