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Biomedical subjects

J Suzuki

Publications and source records attributed to J Suzuki.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Prognosis following acute myocardial infarction in patients with ECG evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy prior to infarction.

This study was designed to determine the relationship between prognosis after myocardial infarction (MI) and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Left ventricular hypertrophy diagnosed by electrocardiography according to the criteria of Sokolow and Lyon was noted in 57 of 223 patients (25.6%) on the pre-MI electrocardiogram (ECG), in 11.2% on an early post-MI ECG, and in 11.3% on the discharge ECG. In-hospital and 1-year postdischarge mortalities were significantly greater in patients with LVH noted on pre-MI ECG than in patients without prior LVH. There was no relationship between the presence of LVH on early post-MI ECGs and in-hospital or postdischarge 1-year mortality. Multivariate analysis revealed that evidence of LVH on a pre-MI ECG and acute congestive heart failure were independent predictors of cardiac death within 1 year of MI in patients over 70 years old. It is concluded that in patients over 70 years of age, the presence of LVH on a pre-MI ECG is a reliable predictor of post-MI prognosis.

Cause of Death↗
PubMed1998

Antiepileptic effects of allopurinol on EL mice are associated with changes in SOD isoenzyme activities.

We have investigated the potential antiepileptic action of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in the brain of the epileptic mutant EL mouse. EL mice which experienced frequent seizures (EL[s]) had abnormally low levels of SOD isoenzyme activity in the hippocampal area. Once epileptogenicity was established in these animals, activity of cyanide-sensitive Cu,Zn-SOD was maintained at significantly lower levels than in control mice. However, cyanide-insensitive Mn-SOD activity was not different from non-epileptic controls. In EL mice which had not experienced seizure provoking stimulations and exhibited no seizures (EL[ns]) there was moderately lower levels of SOD isoenzyme activities compared to controls. In spite of the low level of Cu,Zn-SOD activity in EL[s] mice, the Cu,Zn-SOD protein content was high in the hippocampus of these animals, suggesting that inactive Cu,Zn-SOD might be induced during development. After allopurinol (ALP) was given orally to EL[s] mice, Cu,Zn-SOD activities increased dramatically in the hippocampus and seizure activity was decreased. Even after 48 h, when antiepileptic action of ALP was lost, the SOD activity was maintained at the high level associated with initial ALP administration. EL[s] mice also showed DNA fragmentation in the hippocampal CA1 region and the parietal cortex, detected with in situ terminal transferase-mediated dUTP nick labeling with the aid of alkaliphosphatase or peroxidase. The degree of DNA fragmentation was less severe in EL[ns] mice. We propose that abnormalities in region specific Cu,Zn-SOD isoenzyme activity might produce free radicals, leading to DNA fragmentations and cell loss. This might contribute to hippocampal epileptogenesis in EL mice.

Allopurinol↗
PubMed1998

Analysis of apoptotic cell death in human hair follicles in vivo and in vitro.

We analyzed changes of growth and apoptotic cell death in human hair follicles. In anagen hair follicles, terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-biotin nick labeling-positive cells were observed in the keratogenous zone of the upper bulb matrix, the inner root sheath, and the companion layer of the outer root sheath. DNA ladder formation was also detected in anagen hair follicles. In catagen hair follicles, the lower bulb matrix cells around the dermal papilla and the outer layer cells of the outer root sheath became strongly positive, showing that apoptosis in catagen hair is distinct from that in anagen hair. We also confirmed the mRNA expression of four caspases (caspase-1, caspase-3, caspase-4, and caspase-7) in anagen hair follicles by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization. When human anagen hair follicles were cultured in the presence of transforming growth factor-beta or tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the serum-free medium, transforming growth factor-beta but not tumor necrosis factor-alpha induced catagen-like morphologic changes, which were indistinguishable from normal catagen hair follicles. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, however, strongly inhibited the elongation of the hair shaft in a dose-dependent manner, accompanied by abnormal morphology and increased cell death in the bulb matrix cells. Our results suggest that apoptosis in hair follicles involves two different types. One is related to the terminal differentiation of follicular epithelial cells in anagen hair. The other occurs as a major driving force to eliminate the distinct portion of epithelial components in catagen hair. Furthermore, this study strongly indicates that the transforming growth factor-beta pathway is involved in the induction of catagen phase in human hair cycle.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1998

Functional characterization of renal chloride channel, CLCN5, mutations associated with Dent'sJapan disease.

BACKGROUND: The annual urinary screening of Japanese children above three years of age has identified a progressive renal tubular disorder characterized by low molecular weight proteinuria, hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis, and this represents a variant of Dent's disease. Hitherto, 12 mutations of the X-linked renal specific chloride channel, CLCN5, have been reported in the Dent'sJapan variant. To further identify such CLCN5 mutations and to define the structure-function relationships of this channel, we have investigated five unrelated, non-consanguinous Japanese families with this disorder. METHODS: Leukocyte DNA from probands was used with CLCN5 primers for PCR amplification of the coding region, and the DNA sequences of the products determined. Functional studies were performed by expressing the mutants in Xenopus oocytes. RESULTS: Five CLCN5 mutations consisting of two nonsense (R648X and R704X), two missense (S270R and L278F) and one acceptor splice site mutation (ag-->cg) in intron 4 were identified. The missense and splice site mutations represent novel abnormalities. Heterologous expression in Xenopus oocytes of wild-type and the missense mutants demonstrated that the mutations, which were translated, either abolished or markedly reduced chloride conductance. CONCLUSIONS: These results expand the spectrum of CLCN5 mutations associated with this renal disorder and provide insight into possible structure-function relationships. For example, both the missense mutations are located within a short putative loop between two transmembrane domains, and our results suggest that this region may have an important functional role in the regulation of channel activity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Assessment of a new triple agent regimen for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori and the nature of H. pylori resistance to this therapy in Japan.

BACKGROUND: Multiple regimens for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori have been tested, but the best therapy has not been determined yet. To determine the efficacy of a new triple agent regimen using a combination of lansoprazole, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin against Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), and to examine H. pylori resistance to this therapy in ineffective cases. METHODS: We studied a total of 71 patients infected with H. pylori who had gastric ulcer (n = 37) or duodenal ulcer (n = 34) as confirmed by endoscopy. Patients received 1500 mg amoxicillin, 400 mg clarithromycin and 30 mg lansoprazole for 2 weeks followed by 30 mg lansoprazole for 6 weeks in patients with gastric ulcer or for 4 weeks in those with duodenal ulcer. Endoscopic examination was performed before treatment and at 1 month, 2 months, and 5 months after initiating treatment to check the status of ulceration and H. pylori infection. RESULTS: The eradication rate of H. pylori was 92% (CI, 83-100%) in the gastric ulcer group and 94% (CI, 86-100%) in the duodenal ulcer group at 5 months, as determined by per-protocol analysis. Resistance to clarithromycin was present in 1 of 71 (1%) patients before treatment and in 2 of 5 (40%) patients after treatment. No resistance to amoxicillin and lansoprazole was found in patients before or after treatment. The resistance to clarithromycin changed during the observation period. CONCLUSIONS: The new triple agent regimen was effective against H. pylori. Resistance to clarithromycin may not be permanent and it might be one of the risk factors which affect the efficacy of a clarithromycin-based therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Kinetics of intraocular cytokines in the suppression of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis by type I IFN.

The systemic administration of IFN-alpha/beta was previously found to suppress inflammation in rats with experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU); however, an effect on the systemic immune response was not identified. In order to investigate an immunological basis for suppression at the intraocular level, rats immunized with interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) were administered daily intramuscular injections of 10(5) IU IFN-alpha/beta and cytokines were measured by ELISA in intraocular extracts prepared by ultrasonification at various timepoints throughout the course of EAU. In control EAU, intraocular concentrations of IFN-gamma were found to be non-detectable on day 8 before the onset of inflammation, significantly elevated on day 12 at peak inflammation (182+/-106 pg/ml), then non-detectable again on day 16 after inflammation had begun to subside. In contrast, intraocular IFN-gamma in IFN-alpha/beta-treated rats remained non-detectable or low at all timepoints. Measurement of intraocular IL-2 revealed no difference between the two groups of rats. Intraocular IL-4 concentrations were elevated in rats treated with IFN-alpha/beta, although this cytokine was also detected in the same range in controls as well as normal rats. Finally, intraocular IL-10 was non-detectable on day 8, significantly elevated at peak inflammation on day 12 (588+/-139 pg/ml), then decreased to low levels on day 16 in control EAU rats, while remaining non-detectable or low in IFN-alpha/beta-treated rats. These results suggest that acute inflammation in IRBP-induced EAU in rats involves both IFN-gamma and IL-10 at the local intraocular level, and that systemic administration of IFN-alpha/beta inhibits EAU via a mechanism that involves suppression of both cytokines.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Second primary rhabdomyosarcomas in patients with bilateral retinoblastoma: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study.

We reviewed six cases of rhabdomyosarcoma as a rare second primary malignancy in children with bilateral retinoblastoma after irradiation treatment. The patients comprised four females and two males (age range 1 year 4 months-7 years 11 months). Second tumors arose in the temporal muscle inside or close to the previously irradiated fields. All the children were alive and well 24-72 months after diagnosis. Microscopic examination showed proliferation of closely packed, small round cells with scanty cytoplasm, coarse nuclear chromatin, and increased mitotic activity without a myxoid background nor obvious alveolar architecture. The most characteristic feature was the presence of rosette-like structures in four tumors. Immunoreactivity for many skeletal muscle markers was evident, including desmin (six of six), muscle-specific actin (HHF35) (six of six), sarcomeric actin (six of six), myogenin (six of six), vimentin (six of six), and myoglobin (three of six). On reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction examination, three second tumors lacked specific chimeric transcripts for alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma. Unexpectedly, variable reactivity for neurofilament (150 kd) was identified in six of six second tumors as well as 15 of 20 sporadic primary rhabdomyosarcomas (75%) examined as controls, the result being confirmed by Western blot analysis. In addition, staining for retinoblastoma-susceptibility gene protein was negative in all second tumors, in contrast to positivity in 14 of 17 sporadic primary tumors (82%). This finding suggests that retinoblastoma-susceptibility gene abnormalities could be associated with the development of second primary rhabdomyosarcoma. We consider that knowledge of the occurrence of rhabdomyosarcoma and appropriate immunohistochemical study are helpful for avoiding a misdiagnosis of recurrent retinoblastoma or Ewing's sarcoma when encountering patients with a history of bilateral retinoblastoma who developed second small round cell neoplasms.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1998

Relationship between the eradication of Helicobacter pylori and the healing pattern of peptic ulcer.

We investigated the relationship between the eradication of Helicobacter pylori and the stage after the eradication of this bacterium. Eighty-six patients with H. pylori who had gastric ulcer (n=45) or duodenal ulcer (n=41) were enrolled in the study. As eradication therapy, patients received 1,500 mg amoxicillin, 400 mg clarithromycin, and 30 mg lansoprazole for 2 weeks, followed by 30 mg lansoprazole for 6 weeks in patients with gastric ulcer or for 4 weeks in those with duodenal ulcer. The ulcer stages were evaluated using the indigocarmine method at the third and sixth month after entry. The overall eradication rate of H. pylori was 85% in this study. In the gastric ulcer group, 62% of H. pylori-eradicated patients and 37.5% of H. pylori-uneradicated patients showed the S2 stage (white scar) at the sixth month. In the duodenal ulcer group, 61% of H. pylori-eradicated patients showed the S2 stage and none of the H. pylori-uneradicated patients showed the S2 stage (p < 0.05). We concluded that H. pylori eradication might promote not ulcer healing but maturity of the ulcer scar, especially in duodenal ulcer patients, and that this might also be related to the reduction of ulcer relapse.

2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles↗
PubMed1998

Hemodynamic effect of endothelin antagonists in dogs with myocardial infarction.

The hemodynamic effects of enalapril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, BQ-123, a selective ETA receptor antagonist, and bosentan, a nonselective ETA and ETB receptor antagonist, were studied in dogs 4 weeks after myocardial infarction (MI) produced by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Reduced arterial pressure and total peripheral resistance after administration of analapril, BQ-123, and bosentan revealed that both the renin-angiotensin system and endothelin participate in maintenance of cardiovascular function in chronic MI.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Mastoid pneumatization in children with congenital cholesteatoma: an aspect of the formation of open-type and closed-type cholesteatoma.

OBJECTIVES: To clarify mastoid pneumatization in children with congenital cholesteatoma and compare their clinical characteristics. STUDY DESIGN: The mastoid pneumatization of 34 children with congenital middle ear cholesteatoma, of 34 age-matched children with unilateral acquired cholesteatoma, and of 17 age-matched control children without middle ear diseases was studied. METHODS: The sizes of the mastoid cells were measured from 1.5-mm sliced semiaxial sections of a temporal bone computed tomography scan. The sum of the two areas from the two images, one showing the lateral semicircular canal and the other, 3 mm below this, was defined as the area of the pneumatized mastoid cells. RESULTS: The mastoid cells in ears of children with congenital cholesteatoma were poorly pneumatized compared with those of control children without middle ear diseases, but were better pneumatized compared with those of children with acquired cholesteatoma. In children with congenital cholesteatoma, the degree of pneumatization in the cholesteatoma side was significantly poorer than that in the opposite side. A well-pneumatized mastoid was seen in ears with no episode of otitis media, in ears with the open-type cholesteatoma, and in ears with ossicular anomalies. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of cholesteatoma matrix accelerates the inflammatory response when middle ear infections occur, and this probably leads to the suppression of mastoid pneumatization. The authors also propose the hypothesis that cholesteatoma in most congenital cases is the open type, and that middle ear inflammation may contribute to the formation of cystic and closed-type cholesteatoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

A comparative study of nucleolar organizer region, proliferating cell nuclear antigen and epidermal growth factor receptor staining in colon tumours.

Several studies have reported that proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), nucleolar organizer regions (NOR) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) are cellular proliferation parameters in malignant tumours. However, the correlation of EGF-R with PCNA and NOR has not been reported in colon tumours. To clarify this, we investigated the correlation of the expression of EGF-R with PCNA and NOR in colonic epithelial tumours. Using immunohistochemical staining and one-step silver staining techniques, the expressions of EGF-R-, PCNA- and NOR-associated protein were studied in paraffin sections from five normal mucosae, 10 adenomas with mild atypia, 16 adenomas with moderate atypia, 32 adenomas with severe atypia including carcinoma in situ and 47 with invasive colon carcinomas. Significant differences were found among the respective degrees of atypia in Ag-NOR counts, PCNA labelling index (LI), and the expression of EGF-R. However, there were no significant differences among the Ag-NOR counts of the severe atypia and invasive carcinoma. There was a significant positive correlation between Ag-NOR counts and PCNA LI (P < 0.001). The Ag-NOR counts and PCNA LI in EGF-R-positive cases were higher than in EGF-R-negative cases (P < 0.001). These results indicate that each of the parameters increased significantly with the increase in atypia and the progression of cancer. Epidermal growth factor receptor provokes an exacerbation of protein synthesis and the cell cycle in colonic epithelial tumours.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1998

Dynamics and kinematics of the angular vestibulo-ocular reflex in monkey: effects of canal plugging.

Dynamics and kinematics of the angular vestibulo-ocular reflex in monkey: effects of canal plugging. J. Neurophysiol. 80: 3077-3099, 1998. Horizontal and roll components of the angular vestibulo-ocular reflex (aVOR) were elicited by sinusoidal rotation at frequencies from 0.2 Hz (60 degrees/s) to 4.0 Hz ( approximately 6 degrees/s) in cynomolgus monkeys. Animals had both lateral canals plugged (VC, vertical canals intact), both lateral canals and one pair of the vertical canals plugged (RALP, right anterior and left posterior canals intact; LARP, left anterior and right posterior canal intact), or all six semicircular canal plugged (NC, no canals). In normal animals, horizontal and roll eye velocity was in phase with head velocity and peak horizontal and roll gains were approximately 0.8 and 0.6 in upright and 90 degrees pitch, respectively. NC animals had small aVOR gains at 0.2 Hz, and the temporal phases were shifted approximately 90 degrees toward acceleration. As the frequency increased to 4 Hz, aVOR temporal gains and phases tended to normalize. Findings were similar for the LARP, RALP, and VC animals when they were rotated in the planes of the plugged canals. That is, they tended to normalize at higher frequencies. A model was developed incorporating the geometric organization of the canals and first order canal-endolymph dynamics. Canal plugging was modeled as an alteration in the low frequency 3-db roll-off and corresponding dominant time constant. The shift in the low-frequency 3-dB roll-off was seen in the temporal responses as a phase lead of the aVOR toward acceleration at higher frequencies. The phase shifted toward stimulus velocity as the frequency increased toward 4.0 Hz. By incorporating a dynamic model of the canals into the three-dimensional canal system, the spatial responses were predicted at all frequencies. Animals were also stimulated with steps of velocity in planes parallel to the plugged lateral canals. This induced a response with a short time constant and low peak velocity in each monkey. Gains were normalized for step rotation with respect to time constant as (steady state eye velocity)/(stimulus acceleration x time constant). Using this procedure, the gains were the same in canal plugged as in normal animals and corresponded to gains obtained in the frequency analysis. The study suggests that canal plugging does not block the afferent response to rotation, it merely shifts the dynamic response to higher frequencies.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1998

A case of IgA nephropathy in three sisters with thin basement membrane disease.

IgA nephropathy associated with thin basement membrane disease is reported in a 9-year-old female. The diagnosis of IgA nephropathy was made by means of an immunofluorescence investigation, which showed generalized diffuse mesangial deposits. Thin basement membrane disease was identified by electron-microscopic investigations, which disclosed thinning of the basement membrane of several capillary loops and prominence of the lamina densa. Her father, elder sister and younger sister were also found to have hematuria and her sisters were diagnosed as having thin basement membrane disease by renal biopsy. Patients with IgA nephropathy have focal thinning of the glomerular basement membrane, but we consider that urinalysis of the family needs to be done for the diagnosis of familial thin basement membrane disease, when diffuse thinning of the glomerular basement membrane is detected in such patients.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1998

Predominant implication of IL-5 in acute eosinophilic pneumonia: comparison with chronic eosinophilic pneumonia.

BACKGROUND: Acute eosinophilic pneumonia (AEP) is a rare disease with unknown etiology. To examine pathophysiology of AEP we measured the cell number of eosinophils and eosinophil active cytokines in the peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of AEP patients and compared the levels with those measured in chronic eosinophilic pneumonia (CEP) patients. METHODS: Cell number of eosinophils in peripheral blood and BALF from patients with AEP (n = 3) and CEP (n = 3) were measured. Eosinophil active cytokines in serum and BALF from the patients were measured using ELISA. RESULTS: Eosinophil cell number in peripheral blood was 274-1,377/mm3 in AEP and 526-2,500/mm3 in CEP. The percentages of BALF eosinophils were high in AEP and CEP. Eosinophilia disappeared after methylprednisolone pulse therapy (1 g for 3 days) in AEP, however the cell number of eosinophils gradually increased after methylprednisolone pulse therapy and then spontaneously decreased to within normal range without any further medication. The concentrations of IL-5 in AEP were very high in serum and in BALF, however the concentrations in CEP were low in serum and BALF. CONCLUSION: AEP is a disease in which eosinophil active cytokine IL-5 is predominantly involved; CEP is not. The factors involving eosinophil infiltration to inflammatory loci differ between AEP and CEP.

Acute Disease↗