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Biomedical subjects

J Studd

Publications and source records attributed to J Studd.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

The relationship between plasma estradiol and the increase in bone density in postmenopausal women after treatment with subcutaneous hormone implants.

Twenty-three postmenopausal women with a median of 2 years past menopause (range, 1 to 12 years) and a median age of 52 years (range, 39 to 62 years) were recruited to participate in a longitudinal study designed to investigate the factors that influence the increase in bone density with subcutaneous estradiol and testosterone implants. All women received 75 mg of estradiol with 100 mg testosterone subcutaneously. Bone density was measured at the spine and hip by dual-photon absorptiometry before therapy and after 1 year of subcutaneous hormonal therapy. The mean pretreatment bone density at the lumber vertebrae and neck of the femur was 0.84 grams of hydroxyapatite per square centimeter (SD, 0.11) and 0.73 grams of hydroxyapatite per square centimeter (SD, 0.10), respectively. The bone density at both sites increased with values of 0.91 grams of hydroxyapatite per square centimeter (SD, 0.11) and 0.75 grams of hydroxyapatite per square centimeter (SD, 0.11), respectively. These values represent an increase of 8.3% (p less than 0.0001) at the spine and 2.8% (p less than 0.01) at the neck of the femur. The plasma estradiol level increased from a median of 80.5 pmol/L to 453 pmol/L (p less than 0.001). The percentage increase of vertebral bone density was not related to age, number of years past the menopause, pretreatment bone density, or serum testosterone levels, but a significant correlation was found between the percentage increase in bone density at the spine and the serum estradiol level (p less than 0.02, r = 0.45).

Adult↗
PubMed1989

The effect of anorexia nervosa on skin thickness, skin collagen and bone density.

The effects of anorexia nervosa on skin thickness, skin collagen content and bone density were investigated in a cross-sectional study of 36 women with anorexia nervosa with a 4-year median duration of amenorrhoea and compared with a group of 33 women of comparable age without anorexia and with normal periods. The median skin thickness, assessed radiologically, was significantly reduced (P less than 0.01) from 0.88 mm in the comparison group to 0.70 mm in the anorectic group and the median collagen content was significantly reduced from 209 micrograms/mm2 in the comparison group to 164 micrograms/mm2 in the anorectic group (P less than 0.05). The median bone density in the comparison group was 0.93 gHA/cm2 at the lumbar spine and 0.84 gHA/cm2 at the proximal femur. These values were greatly reduced in the women with anorexia nervosa to 0.77 gHA/cm2 and 0.65 gHA/cm2 respectively (P less than 0.01). Our findings confirm the loss of bone mass with anorexia and demonstrate the coexistent loss of skin thickness and skin collagen content. This association supports the hypothesis that a generalized loss of collagen is a major factor in the causation of osteoporosis following oestrogen deficiency.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

The effect of vaginal delivery on the urethral sphincter.

To investigate the aetiological role of vaginal delivery in genuine stress incontinence we compared two groups of women who underwent full urodynamic assessment in our department. The women in the first group had competent urethral sphincter mechanisms and those in the second group had genuine stress incontinence. There were no differences between the two groups in respect of parity, number of vaginal deliveries or birthweight of the heaviest baby. The group with competent urethral sphincter mechanisms did show some evidence to implicate an increased number of vaginal deliveries in poor function of the distal part of the urethral sphincter mechanism.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1988

Correlation of urethral physiology and skin collagen in postmenopausal women.

Connective tissue collagen is thought to contribute to the generation of urethral pressure. It has been previously shown that skin collagen and urethral pressure are oestrogen dependent. This study demonstrates a correlation between urethral pressure measurements and skin collagen content. It is suggested that the beneficial effect of oestrogens on urethral function may be mediated by collagen.

Collagen↗
PubMed1987

Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT).

Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT) is a new technique of assisted conception appropriate for women with normal fallopian tubes. As 60% of infertile patients have normal and patent tubes (idiopathic infertility, immune causes, male infertility and endometriosis) they can be treated with this technique which is both simpler and more successful than in vitro fertilization.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Hormone pellet implantation for the menopause and premenstrual syndrome.

Sex hormone implants have been available for almost 50 years, but only a few clinicians administer them regularly. Implants represent a physiologic mode of therapy with many metabolic advantages over other routes. Surprisingly, they are relatively ignored by physicians. This may well reflect their surgical nature, although the technique of hormone implantation is simple and fast and obviates daily oral medication. As the list of indications for hormone pellets grows, more patients will take advantage of the benefits they offer.

Climacteric↗
PubMed1986

Effect of fenticonazole in vaginal candidiasis: a double-blind clinical trial versus clotrimazole.

Fenticonazole is an imidazole derivative which possesses a broad spectrum antimycotic activity, including activity against Candida albicans. Its therapeutic activity and tolerability have been evaluated, in a double-blind clinical trial versus clotrimazole, in 54 patients affected by mycologically confirmed symptomatic vaginal candidiasis. Both drugs were administered intravaginally as a cream once a day for 7 days. Assessment was by laboratory mycological investigations and symptomatic evaluation. Patients 'cured' at the end of the trial were re-evaluated after 4-6 weeks for possible relapses. Both treatments resulted in a progressive, statistically significant reduction in vaginal symptoms (itching and discharge) and in elimination of Candida in more than 95% of patients. When 'cured' patients were reassessed 4-6 weeks after therapy, relapses occurred in four patients after fenticonazole treatment, but in none following clotrimazole treatment. This apparent difference between treatments is far from being statistically significant and, therefore, may have been a chance occurrence. It should also be noted that patients from the fenticonazole group had a previous history of significantly more frequent episodes of candidiasis suggesting that they may have been at greater risk of re-infection than patients from the control group. The tolerance of both treatments was excellent since no local or systemic signs or symptoms of toxicity were reported. An equally high efficacy and safety for both drugs in the elimination of symptoms and objective evidence of vaginal candidiasis is indicated.

Adult↗