Biomedical subjects
J Studd
Publications and source records attributed to J Studd.
Dependence and oestrogen replacement.
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Comparison of attitudes of donors and recipients to oocyte donation.
The attitudes of volunteer donors and recipients undergoing treatment in an ovum donation programme were studied in order to assess both the psychological and psycho-social aspects of the procedure. A questionnaire was sent to 35 donors and 60 recipients. All donations were unpaid. Fifty-eight were anonymous donations and three were known. Eighty-six per cent of recipients and 74% of donors had told at least one person other than their partner. Eighty per cent of donors and 66% of recipients agreed that donors should not be paid. Sixty-three per cent of donors would donate if the recipient was told their name but only 26% of recipients would accept if the donor was given their name. Seventy per cent of the donors would donate to someone they knew but would rather donate anonymously. Ninety per cent of recipients were strongly against the donor contacting the child later in life but 54% of donors had no objection to the child contacting them. Eighty-six per cent of recipients and 56% of donors felt that if they had been born from a donated oocyte, they would not want to know.
The effects of plasma estradiol levels on increases in vertebral and femoral bone density following therapy with estradiol and estradiol with testosterone implants.
Percutaneous estradiol (E2) implants effectively preserve bone density in postmenopausal women. However, these implants are often given with testosterone, which may itself have an anabolic effect on bone. To determine whether testosterone confers any additional bone-sparing effect, we studied 50 postmenopausal women randomly allocated to receive E2 (75 mg) alone or with testosterone (100 mg) every 6 months for 1 year. Women with an intact uterus received cyclic norethindrone (5 mg) for 10 days of each calendar month. Twenty-five untreated women were recruited to act as a reference group. Bone density was measured at the lumbar spine and proximal femur by dual x-ray densitometry. By 1 year, bone density at the lumbar spine had fallen by 1.8% in the reference group. In the women treated with E2 alone, it increased significantly by 7.8% (P less than .0001) and in those receiving E2 with testosterone, it increased by 6.3% (P less than .0001). At the femoral neck, bone density decreased by 3% in the controls and increased by approximately 4% in both treated groups (P less than .0001). The increase in bone density at these sites was unrelated to the woman's chronological age, menopausal age, or initial bone density. However, it correlated significantly with the serum E2 levels attained after 1 year of therapy. In no treated patients did bone density decrease significantly. These data show that testosterone confers no additional bone-sparing effect in postmenopausal women.
Complications of hormone replacement therapy in post-menopausal women.
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Obstetric and gynaecological abstracts: a review.
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[Chronic nephropathy in pregnancy].
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Value of cytology for detecting endometrial abnormalities.
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Menopausal therapy and endometrial pathology.
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Foreign intervention in the private sector.
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Selectivity of proteinuria during pregnancy assessed by different methods.
Relative protein clearance measurements have gone a long way toward characterizing the nature of pregnancy proteinuria but have failed to distinguish between preeclampsia and primary renal disease. The prognostic significance of different degrees of selectivity has been a source of disagreement in past studies. The polymer clearance studies reported here, using tracer doses of labeled PVP, have demonstrated two forms of proteinuria: a benign form due to a vasoconstrictor effect where fetal outlook is good ("vasoactive"), and a form associated with intravascular coagulation which indicates worse fetal prognosis ("membranous"). Underlying chronic renal damage of minor degree is identifiable with PVP clearance. Concurrent measurements of protein clearance, using smaller-sized proteins than is customary, gave hope for future development of meaningful clinical tests.
Letter: Identification of high-risk labours.
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Letter: Hormone replacement therapy.
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Identification of high risk labours by labour nomogram.
The labour stencil representing the expected cervimetric progress of normal labour was used in 741 consecutive spontaneous labours to identify high-risk labours which needed oxytocic stimulation. Uterine contractions were stimulated if progress extended two hours past the nomogram, which resulted in shorter labours, fewer instrumental deliveries and caesarean sections, and babies with higher Apgar scores than in those dysfunctional labours which were not stimulated. According to the protocol used 36% of primigravid and 13% of multigravid labours needed acceleration. The remaining patients did not need any oxytocic interference during the first stage. This selection of patients is important to prevent a major obstetric advance being abused and discredited at a time when the profession and public are questioning the safety of active labour.