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Biomedical subjects

J Stewart

Publications and source records attributed to J Stewart.

629 records · Page 35Linked to original sources
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Patient education.

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Hospitals↗
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In the supportive role.

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Adaptation, Psychological↗
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No evidence for the presence of apolipoprotein epsilon4, interleukin-lalpha allele 2 and interleukin-1beta allele 2 cause an increase in programmed cell death following traumatic brain injury in humans.

BACKGROUND: Brain injury after trauma is an important cause of mortality and morbidity in society. There is evidence in both man and laboratory animals that in addition to necrosis, cell loss may occur as a result of programmed cell death (PCD). The cellular and molecular responses after head injury are partly influenced by genetic polymorphisms of apolipoprotein E and the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-I. AIM: The principal aim of this study was to determine whether the presence of the ApoE epsilon4, IL- 1 alpha2 or IL- 1beta2 allele types influenced the amounts of PCD after head injury compared with controls. METHODS: Paraffin sections from the hippocampus of 38 patients (32 M : 6 F, aged 15 - 75, mean 38 years, survival 7- 576 hours; mean 36 hours) who died after a head injury were stained by Tunel histochemistry and quantified, and genotyping was undertaken by PCR "blind" to clinical detail. RESULTS: There were more Tunel+ cells (neurons and glia) after head injury than in controls with statistically increased numbers in all sectors of the hippocampus including the dentate fascia. However, there was no correlation between ApoEepsilon4, IL- 1 alpha allele 2 and IL- 1beta allele 2 and the amount of Tunel positivity. CONCLUSION: Given that both the ApoE and IL-1 influence outcome after various forms of acute brain injury, further work will be required to determine the mechanism underlying this relationship.

Adolescent↗
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Skin blade versus deep blade: a vehicle of contamination in podiatric surgery.

A total of 166 surgical blades consisting of control blades, skin blades, and deep blades were cultured from 50 elective podiatric surgical cases. Five blades from four cases cultured Staphylococcus epidermidis. The practice of changing from skin blade to deep blade to reduce contamination of a clean surgical wound is not supported by the data obtained in this study.

Disinfection↗
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Cytodiagnosis of Coats' disease from an ocular aspirate. A case report.

This paper describes the cytologic findings in a rare condition, Coats' disease, which was diagnosed from a sample of ocular aspirate in a 19-month-old boy. The cytologic findings were characterized by the presence of numerous cholesterol crystals, rare foamy macrophages, several pigment-laden macrophages, pigment-bearing epithelial cells and free pigment, which stained positive for melanin by Schmorl's stain. The case was unusual in that the clinical diagnosis was persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous, and other diagnoses, such as Coats' disease, were unsuspected. The cytologic findings suggested Coats' disease and seemed to exclude retinoblastoma or another malignancy, although the negative findings with the presence of cholesterol crystals and macrophages were regarded as somewhat nonspecific for unequivocally excluding any of the above.

Chronic Disease↗
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Combination chemotherapy with vincristine, bleomycin, and methotrexate for advanced head and neck cancers.

Thirty-three patients with a histologically confirmed diagnosis of advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck were treated with a combination of vincristine, methotrexate, and bleomycin. The regimen was as follows: Day 1, vincristine (2 mg iv) and methotrexate (200 mg/m2 iv over 24 hours); Day 2, bleomycin (15 mg/day by iv infusion for 48 hours). Folinic acid rescue began 36 hours after the start of methotrexate. The regimen was repeated at intervals of 3 weeks. Toxicity was minimal but the overall response rate was only 24% (three complete responses and five partial responses) and the median duration of remission was only 16 weeks overall. The combination of vincristine, methotrexate, and bleomycin in this dosage schedule has a response rate lower than that reported with single-agent treatment of advanced head and neck cancers.

Adult↗
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Adjudicating claims.

This chapter discusses the adjudication and case management processes and outlines sources of information and factors leading to denial of claim.

Alberta↗