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Biomedical subjects

J Stern

Publications and source records attributed to J Stern.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Lipoprotein patterns in women in Santo Domingo using a levonorgestrel/estradiol contraceptive ring.

Ten healthy, normally menstruating women attending a family planning clinic in Santo Domingo Participated in a study to determine the effects on plasma lipid levels of levonorgestrel and estradiol released from a contraceptive ring. A schedule of 21 days of use followed by 7 days of non-use was followed for 6 cycles. During the first two cycles of use, concentrations of cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL cholesterol declined significantly from control levels, up to 25% for cholesterol, 28% for HDL cholesterol, 45% for friglycerides and 24% for LDL cholesterol. There were no subsequent changes with continued use. These declines are similar in direction but of lesser magnitude than those reported from clinics in other countries where pretreatment plasma levels of the same lipids are considerably higher. There was no significant change in the total cholesterol to HDL cholesterol ratio during treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Effects of caffeine on resting EEG and response to sine wave modulated light.

A double blind, placebo controlled study was designed to assess transient caffeine effects on spontaneous and evoked brain activity in man. Twelve normal males received 200 mg caffeine citrate or placebo on separate occasions. EEG from left and right occipital regions was recorded in the absence of stimulation and during the response to sine wave modulated light (SML). The photic stimulation frequencies were 5, 10, 15, 18 and 24 c/sec. EEG power at frequencies corresponding to fundamental and selected harmonics of stimulation frequencies was obtained. The time course of response to SML was studied over a period of 2 min. Caffeine reduced the EEG power under resting conditions and during SML stimulation. This reduction was statistically significant at 10 and 15 c/sec. At 24 c/sec, caffeine reduced the fundamental SML response, but not the resting EEG power. Evaluation of the SML response time course did not reveal any consistent tendencies. It appears that the response is sustained in a stable way over the period of 2 min.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Intracranial tuberculoma.

Intracranial tuberculoma was studied by computed tomography (CT) in eight patients. Upon contrast enhancement, two patterns were seen: (a) a small enhancing ring with a central punctate lucent area, and (b) nodular enhancement. The various CT findings are correlated with the clinical features and with the appearance on radionuclide brain scanning and angiography.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

The computed tomographic spectrum of intracranial mycosis: correlation with histopathology.

Four cases of intracerebral fungal infection are reviewed. The clinical course is outlined, and the computed tomographic (CT) characteristics are analyzed in light of known pathological data. The CT appearance of intracranial mycosis is dependent on the type of fungus as well as the dominant infecting form, i.e., yeast or hyphae. The hyphal form leads predominantly to a CT pattern consistent with vascular occlusion and secondary abscess formation; the yeast form generally results in noncaseating granulomas, which appear on CT scan as nodular enhancing lesions. If the patient survives the acute infective process, these fungal lesions undergo a prolonged subacute phase, and may eventually calcify.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Dosimetry of the neodymium-YAG laser endovesical irradiation of bladder tumors. Animal experiments (author's transl)].

Therapy of urinary bladder tumors with the aid of the Neodymium-YAG-laser is improved by two following demands. A homogeneous, deep necrosis must be obtained for the tumor cells to be devitalised completely, and neighbouring organs must be protected adequately. Both depth and shape of the necrosis were determined on liver tissue at different conditions, e.g. laser application with air, water and various time/power ratios. Measurements of temperature profiles at the bladder back wall reveal that the parameters necessary for sufficient transmural destruction of bladder tumors do not affect neighbouring organs. In clinical application it is not necessary to control temperatures occurring at the bladder wall during irradiation by means of temperature probes. It is sufficient to adjust the dosis of laser on the basis of superficial, visual discoloration. Carbonisation should be avoided by all means. Comparable effects were obtained by clinical application of data obtained during animal experimentation.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

The significance of the histologic alterations adjacent to invasive vulvar carcinoma.

It has been superficially recognized, but not appreciated, that carcinoma of the vulva differs in many respects from carcinoma of the uterine cervix. Past studies have suggested that "leukoplakia and leukoplakia-like lesions" are probably premalignant conditions since they are commonly associated with invasive cancer. Conversely, studies of the dystrophies during the past 15 years have indicated that the latter uncommonly progress to invasive cancer if treated adequately. In an attempt to review the histopathologic changes associated with invasive cancer, the last 98 cases of invasive disease were studied and the histopathologic characteristics of the adjacent tissue were divided into categories. It was noted that less than 20% of the invasive cancers demonstrated classic in situ neoplasia in the adjacent area, whereas more than 50% showed patterns suggestive of the dystrophies. Thus, although the dystrophies were not necessarily the precursory lesions, they did demonstrate probable long-term irritation, which is of major importance in the genesis of vulvar cancer. Furthermore, in situ cancer, as seen in the young patient, rarely seems to progress to invasive disease.

Carcinoma in Situ↗
PubMed1980

Enzymatic control of phenylalanine intake in phenylketonuria.

The plant enzyme phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) will survive in the gut for long enough to deplete the phenylalanine derived from food protein and so reduce the rise in blood phenylalanine that otherwise occurs after a protein meal. This effect has been demonstrated in healthy adults and phenylketonuric (PKU) patients. When the enzyme was given to an untreated PKU patient for 12 consecutive days (three doses a day after food) his blood phenylalanine levels were reduced on average by a quarter. This enzyme preparation may have a place in the treatment of PKU.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The architecture of optic nerve gliomas with and without neurofibromatosis.

A retrospective clinicopathologic study of 34 patients with optic nerve glioma disclosed two important architectural tumor forms: circumferential-perineural pattern featuring tumor eruption and proliferation in the subarachnoid space correlating with the presence of neurofibromatosis, and an expansile-intraneural pattern correlating with the absence of neurofibromatosis. The 18 patients with neurofibromatosis had a mean age of 4.9 years at presentation and tended to be younger than the 16 patients without neurfibromatosis (mean age, 12 years). Instead of "arachnoidal hyperplasia," electron microscopic studies in the electron microscopic studies in the circumferential-perineural pattern showed tumor astrocytes admixed with reactive meningothelial cells, fibroblasts, and collagen in distended subarachnoid space. Florid invasion of the leptomeninges (arachnoidal gliomatosis) exhibited by many optic nerve gliomas in neurofibromatosis suggests that they are true neoplasms rather than hamartomas, but their frequent location in the distal anterior visual pathway often confers a good clinical prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Glutathionuria: gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase deficiency.

A mentally retarded young woman with severe behaviour problems was found to excrete large amounts of glutathione due to a generalized gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase deficiency. As in the only other case described in detail, plasma levels and renal reabsorption of the amino acids were normal. In the parents' urine, plasma and leukocytes, enzyme activity was normal but in their cultured fibroblasts it was below the minimum for the control range. An autosomal recessive mode of inheritance is suggested. The implications of these findings for possible role of the gamma-glutamyl cycle in amino acid transport are briefly discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Jugular bulb diverticula in medial petrous bone.

Upward extension or diverticulum of the jugular bulb is rare. Most often, it protrudes into the middle ear. Three patients are reported in whom direct superior extension from the medial portion of the jugular bulb resulted in a defect in the medial part of the petrous bone. In this position, a jugular bulb diverticulum relates directly to the posterior wall of the internal auditory canal. The distinctive radiographic characteristics of this entity obviate unnecessary investigation and surgery. Encroachment on the internal auditory canal may possibly contribute to neurosensory hearing deficit.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Spinal extradural meningiomas.

Spinal meningiomas may be primarily extradural, leading to errors in diagnosis and management. Myelographic findings and the microscopic examination of fresh tissue at the time of operation often lead to the conclusion that the tumor is metastatic. Three patients with this type of meningioma have been encountered. Although extensive removal of the tumor was accomplished in each case, the correct diagnosis was difficult to establish at the time of the operation. A second operation was necessary in one patient because the true nature of the tumor was not recognized initially.

Epidural Space↗
PubMed1979

Bullous disease of childhood.

Bullous disease of childhood (BDC) is a persistent or recurrent blistering skin disease characterized by large, tense bullae in a generalized distribution, but with a predilection for the scalp, trunk, pubis, and inner thighs. It usually begins in the first decade of life and spontaneously remits after several months to three years of activity. Sulfapyridine or dapsone therapy usually controls the disease. Administration of corticosteroids for systemic effects should be avoided.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1979

Successful control of pheochromocytoma in pregnancy. Case report.

A patient found to have a pheochromocytoma in the 16th wk of pregnancy was successfully managed by medical treatment with phenoxybenzamine hydrochloride and propranolol. In the 38th wk of pregnancy she was electively delivered by cesarean section, and the tumor was simultaneously removed.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗