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J Stejskal

Publications and source records attributed to J Stejskal.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[High frequency "bubble" oscillation ventilation in the neonatal period].

The authors tested their own high frequency, oscillation, "bubble" ventilator on a model of neonatal lungs in vitro and in vivo. They used the effect of oscillations which develop when through fluid (in vivo water) a mixture of air is bubbled and which can be, if the expiration tube is sufficiently rigid, transmitted back into the lungs. If the CPAP circuit is suitably arranged, it can ensure an adequate exchange of blood gases. The authors found marked changes in the amplitude of pressure oscillations as well as of the frequency in relation to the shape of the ending beneath the fluid surface (greatest when a funnel with a 30 mm diameter and 90 degree angle in relation to a normal line projected on the water surface is used). They found that the compliance (C) has no substantial effect on the amplitude nor on the frequency of oscillations. The mentioned bubble system approached as to its efficiency the commercial oscillation ventilator Stephen 3000 SFH and was used in the therapy of respiratory failure in three neonates with body weights of 1250-2700 g. The authors conclude that high frequency oscillation "bubble" ventilation is a cheap, safe and highly effective therapy which can be used in any department providing care of neonates even during transport.

High-Frequency Ventilation↗
PubMed1992

[Fibromatoses and related disorders in childhood].

A retrospective study of fibromatoses and related diseases was performed on a series of 34 children. Aggressive forms of fibromatoses similar to those in adults as well as typical forms of childhood fibromatoses and fibrous proliferations, such as sternocleidomastoid tumor, infantile myofibromatosis, digital fibromatosis and fibrous hamartoma were observed. Immunohistochemistry revealed muscle specific actin in eleven out of 13 cases, including hyaline cytoplasmic inclusions in digital fibromatosis. In two patients with infantile myofibromatosis a coexpression of actin and desmin was found. One of two cases of infantile type of aggressive fibromatosis was weakly actin positive whereas the other was negative. This result suggests poorly differentiated character of cells in infantile fibromatosis. Clinicopathologic correlation showed that extraabdominal fibromatoses had a strong propensity for local recurrence. Multiple lesions affecting different muscle groups were diagnosed in two boys. Abdominal fibromatosis affected two girls and two boys, in contrast to adult forms which occur exclusively in women.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Acoustic frequency analysis of auscultation findings in neonates].

The authors analyzed 280 auscultation findings of 35 neonates with birth weights of 1800-4500 g and 65 pathological neonates with birth weights of 1150-3600 g. For recording of the auscultation findings an electronic phonendoscope EST 40 (Bosch) was used and the finding was recorded on a microtape recorder (Olympus). The frequency analysis was made on a Sonagraf analyzer (Kay Elemetric), using a 45 Hz filter a time range of 2.4 sec. From the results of the work ensues that in physiological neonates two basis types of sonagrams can be detected: 1. the record presenting itself as a continuous zone of noise with maximal cumulation of acoustic energy up to 500 Hz where the ratio of acoustic energy is equal in both stages of the respiratory cycle. The clinical correlate is "alveolar respiration". 2. a record with a discontinuous zone of noise with a more expressive ratio of acoustic energy up to 2500 Hz during inspiration. The clinical correlate is "sharper bronchoalveolar respiration". In the group of pathological neonates with different pneumopathies further sonagraphic phenomena were detected: a) "rales" as discontinuous acoustic phenomena persisting for 7-35 msec with a frequency range up to 3000 Hz, without a harmonious structure, present during inspiration as well as expiration, b) "transmitted phenomena"--discontinuous acoustic phenomena persisting for 75-150 msec with a frequency range up to 6000 Hz, without a harmonious structure, c) "wheezing"--continuous acoustic phenomena with a clearly marked harmonious acoustic structure lasting 540 +/- 240 msec with a frequency of the basic sound of 500 +/- 240 msec.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Auscultation↗
PubMed1991

[Sodium nedocromil (Tilade) in the treatment of severe forms of asthma in children].

Twenty-four children with medium severe and severe asthma were treated for a period of three months with sodium nedocromil (Tilade), twice a day 4 mg in a dispensed aerosol. All patients took concurrently on a long-term basis various antiasthmatic drugs and half the children also corticosteroids. Evaluation of the effect was based on changes of the clinical picture, drug consumption and some other examinations. The authors compared the state one month before onset of treatment with the last month during the three-month therapy and one month after termination of therapy. In the entire group of patients gradually the number of asthmatic attacks declined, the greatest decline was observed during the third month of treatment. At the same time a statistically significant improvement of symptoms was recorded characterizing the clinical condition of the patients during day and night. Both these parameters deteriorated again one month after termination of treatment. The consumption of aerosol sympathomimetics and partly also of theophylline declined. Corticotherapy was not affected and pulmonary functions did not improve. The investigated immunological parameters did not change. With the exception of two patients where inhalation had an irritating effect, treatment was tolerated well and produced no side-effects. Sodium nedocromil is a drug which extends the spectrum of preventive antiasthmatics, but has no major effect on children with the most severe forms of asthma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Sonographic analysis of postextubation stridor in neonates and children with low birth weight after long-term artificial ventilation].

In a group of 23 neonates with mean birth weights of 1470 g (range 1200-3980 g) who had orotracheal intubation for an average period of 12.6 days (range 5-96 days) sonagraphic frequency analysis of 86 stridors 1-3 hours after intubation was performed. According to the results of the frequency analysis more than 97.6% of the stridors are supraglottic (84 of 86 analyzed stridors). The laryngeal and tracheal type of stridor was recorded only in two children. The finding is surprising and does not confirm the widely accepted view that neonates after extubation are threatened with oedema of the larynx or stricture at this or a distal level. As elective postextubation laryngoscopy is controversial, acoustic frequency analysis of stridor after extubation is a suitable alternate method in investigations of the clinical condition of the infant and serves the clinician as an indication on the level of stenosis of the airways.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

[Validity of routinely used methods of testing glomerular filtration in pediatric practice].

The authors compare different methods used commonly in paediatric practice to assess glomerular filtration (GFR)--creatinine clearance and assessment of GFR by means of Schwartz formula with plasma clearance of polyfructosan S (corresponds to inulin plasma clearance). A group of 108 children aged 4-16 years (x = 10.95) was examined. The patients were divided into three groups by the magnitude of polyfructosan S clearance: greater than 100 ml/min/1.73 m2; 50-100 ml/min/1.73 m2 and less than 50 ml/min/1.73 m2. The authors correlated the clearance of polyfructosan S with creatinine clearance and assessment of GFR according to Schwartz. The method which proved to be most sensitive for detection of reduced GFR in the area of 50-100 ml/min/1.73 m2 was creatinine clearance with urine collection one hour after a previous water load (r = 0.748). In the stage of chronic renal failure with GFR less than 50 ml/min/1.73 m2 the correlation was close with the three-hour creatinine clearance (r = 0.957) and equally close was the correlation with GFR according to Schwartz (r = 0.885). The authors discuss the probability of detection of impaired GFR by commonly used methods and draw attention to the advantages of examination of plasma clearance by polyfructosan S.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis].

This rare fatal disease of infants and early childhood occurred in seven children from four families. Six children died during 2-4 weeks from the beginning of disease, the last one has survived two years with cytostatic treatment. The disease was characterized by intermittent fever, hepatosplenomegaly and progressive pancytopenia as well as hyperbilirubinemia, hyperlipemia and hypofibrinogenemia. In addition to substantial enlargement of the liver and spleen prevailing autoptic findings were infectious complications due to severe immune defect or signs of hemorrhagic diathesis. Lymphocytes and histiocytes phagocytizing blood cells were increased in bone marrow, liver, spleen, often brain and further organs. Problems of differential diagnosis and pathogenesis were discussed.

Child↗