Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Stamler

Publications and source records attributed to J Stamler.

362 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

The population attributable risk of hypertension from heavy alcohol consumption.

The association between alcohol consumption and hypertension was studied in 11,899 men aged 40-55 years. The prevalence of hypertension among heavy drinkers was significantly higher than among those who did not drink heavily. Heavy drinking was defined as consumption of five or more drinks daily or four or more drinks daily. A total of 136 persons fulfilled the five drinks or more per day definition and 230, the four drinks daily definition. The population-attributable risk of hypertension contributed by heavy drinking, depending on the diagnostic criteria used to define each endpoint, varied from 3 to 12 percent. There is reason to suspect that the contribution of alcohol to hypertension in the general population may be somewhat higher at the present time than in the late 1950s when the study was conducted. Moderation of alcohol consumption, in addition to weight reduction and salt restriction, is another important nonpharmacological means to control hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

End-stage renal disease in African-American and white men. 16-year MRFIT findings.

OBJECTIVE: To determine reasons for the 4-fold higher incidence of treated end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in African-American men compared with white men. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Men screened in 1973 through 1975 for entry into the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). PARTICIPANTS: A total of 332544 men (300645 white, 20222 African American, and 11677 other ethnic groups) aged 35 to 57 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Incidence of ESRD assessed through 1990 using the Health Care Financing Administration national ESRD treatment registry and by surveillance for death from renal disease from data of the National Death Index and the Social Security Administration. RESULTS: Over a mean follow-up of 16 years, age-adjusted ESRD incidence was 13.90 per 100000 person-years in white men and 44.22 per 100000 person-years in African-American men. Higher blood pressure and lower socioeconomic status were associated with higher incidence of ESRD in both ethnic groups. With adjustment for baseline age, systolic blood pressure, number of cigarettes smoked, previous myocardial infarction, diabetes, income, and serum cholesterol level, relative risk of ESRD in African-American men compared with white men was reduced from 3.20 to 1.87 (95% confidence interval, 1.47-2.39). Both higher systolic blood pressure and lower income in African-American men as compared with white men were particularly related to this reduced relative risk. Results were similar when hypertensive ESRD was used as the outcome. CONCLUSION: Both higher blood pressure and lower income are associated with a higher incidence of ESRD in both white and African-American men. Disparities in blood pressure and socioeconomic status relate importantly to the excess risk of ESRD in African-American men compared with white men.

Adult↗