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Biomedical subjects

J Stack

Publications and source records attributed to J Stack.

62 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Mortality from breast cancer in Ireland prior to the introduction of population-based mammographic screening.

Mammographic screening has been shown in international randomised controlled trials and case-control studies to be effective in reducing mortality from breast cancer. Ireland has a high mortality rate from breast cancer when compared with rates from other countries. Organised population-based mammographic screening for breast cancer is about to begin in Ireland. The purpose of this study was to examine current mortality from breast cancer, as well as trends in breast cancer mortality in Ireland since 1975, as a baseline against which future evaluations of the impact of screening can be carried out. Over the 23-yr period of review, mortality from breast cancer appears to have remained quite stable. Within the period, however, there is some variation in adjusted rates, most notably an increase to a peak in 1989, followed by a decrease between 1989 and 1997. Continued monitoring of recent trends is required, with in-depth analysis of possible explanations, such as changing breast cancer incidence rates, biological characteristics, therapeutic regimes and coding practices.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Abdominal aortic invasion by leiomyosarcoma.

We describe a case of retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma with extra- and intravascular involvement. The patient presented with abdominal aortic rupture secondary to tumor invasion and extensive tumor thrombus in the inferior vena cava. The presence of a rupture of the abdominal aorta is an important radiologic diagnosis to make because early endovascular or surgical repair can prevent a catastrophic free rupture. Inferior vena cava involvement by leiomyosarcoma may be locally resected in some cases but has a poor long-term survival rate.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients with hepatic cirrhosis: a five-year experience.

Our institution is a tertiary referral center that specializes in hepatobiliary surgery. To evaluate the safety, efficacy, and conversion rate of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients with hepatic cirrhosis, we conducted a retrospective analysis of all cirrhotic patients undergoing attempted laparoscopic cholecystectomy during the period from 1991 to 1996. The diagnosis of cirrhosis was made on the basis of either a preoperative history, a liver biopsy, or the surgeon's operative description of the liver. All patients had early, well-compensated cirrhosis (Child's class A or B). A total of 30 patients underwent attempted laparoscopic cholecystectomy and five patients were converted to an open procedure (17%). The conversion rate for elective cases was 5% compared with 36% for urgent procedures. Two patients were converted because of varices and three because of unclear anatomy. No patients were converted because of bleeding. There were no operative deaths. The complication rate for elective procedures was 16%, with an average length of stay of 2.1 days, compared with 36% and 4.8 days, respectively, for urgent cases. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients with early, well-compensated cirrhosis is safe and should be the treatment of choice for these patients.

Blood Loss, Surgical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MRI in acute hemiplegia of childhood.

OBJECTIVE: Acute hemiplegia in childhood is rare, the underlying etiology frequently obscured and the pathological site unidentified. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Magnetic resonance imaging (1.5 T Magnetom) was performed in two cases with hemiplegia followed by repeated studies at 3 and 16 months, respectively, after the initial examinations, including CT and angiography, were negative. RESULTS: MRI demonstrated otherwise occult lesions in the brain stem and showed the subsequent partial resolution consistent with infarction. CONCLUSION: MRI should be employed in those children with acute hemiplegia in whom no underlying cause is elicited.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pituitary apoplexy in an ectopic pituitary tumour.

A case report of a patient with unilateral visual loss, due to infarction in an ectopic pituitary tumour, is presented. Good return of vision followed surgical removal of the tumour.

Adenoma↗