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Biomedical subjects

J St Clair

Publications and source records attributed to J St Clair.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Cognitive and affective functioning in Parkinson's disease patients with lateralized motor signs.

Eleven patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and predominantly right-sided motor signs, 12 patients with PD and predominantly left-sided signs, and 11 demographically matched healthy controls were compared on tests assessing a range of cognitive and affective functions. Assuming a novel approach, our test battery was composed of measures drawn from ones previously used in the hemiparkinson' s disease and lateralized PD literature. The two patient groups were similar in illness duration, severity of motor signs, and degree of lateralized motor deficits. Statistical analyses did not reveal significant differences between patient groups, consistent with other studies that have failed to find differences in neuropsychological functioning between PD patients with right- and left-sided motor signs.

Affect↗
PubMed1996

A survey of sunbathing practices on three Connecticut State beaches.

In order to analyze sunbathing practices, a survey was conducted during the summer of 1995 on three Connecticut state beaches, with 1,003 interviews completed. The majority (65.8%) of respondents were women. Almost 70% of respondents were visiting the beach to get or maintain a tan. While the intended beach stay averaged four hours, only 55.7% of respondents were using sunscreen, 6.9% were sitting under shade, 12.7% were wearing hats, and 17.1% were wearing clothes other than a bathing suit. More than half (55%) of the sunscreen used had a sun protection factor of less than 15. Children were provided with greater protection than adults. The survey indicates the need for greater educational efforts to motivate protective behavior. Primary-care physicians could have an important role in these efforts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Perceiver and poser asymmetries in processing facial emotion.

This study examined both perceiver and poser asymmetries in processing facial emotion. Posers were left brain-damaged (LBD), right brain-damaged (RBD), and normal control (NC) right-handed males videotaped while expressing happiness and anger. Perceivers rated the facial expressions for asymmetry in original and reversed orientations. Overall, expressions viewed in the reversed orientation were rated as more left-sided than in the original orientation. In the reversed orientation, the more extensive left hemiface of the NCs and LBDs fell in the perceiver's left hemispace. This finding is consistent with previous research demonstrating a left hemispace bias for free-field viewing of emotional faces. Expressions were produced significantly more intensely on the left than the right hemiface by NCs and LBDs; expressions of RBDs were not significantly lateralized.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Hemodynamic effects of intravenous digoxin in patients with severe heart failure initially treated with diuretics and vasodilators.

The purpose of this study was to assess the hemodynamic effects of intravenous digoxin in patients with New York Heart Association class IV heart failure, who had never previously been treated with digitalis drugs, and who were initially treated only with diuretics and systemic vasodilators to clinical end points of compensation. Eleven male patients, 5 with idiopathic and 6 with ischemic cardiomyopathy, had sinus rhythm and were hospitalized with congestive heart failure not precipitated by an acute ischemic event. All 11 patients were treated with intravenous furosemide and various vasodilators without invasive hemodynamic monitoring for a mean period of 4.3 +/- 2.1 days. This therapy resulted in subjective and objective improvement in all patients as reflected by a significant decrease in heart failure score from 9.5 +/- 2.2 to 2.7 +/- 2.3 (p less than 0.001). When compensation was achieved by clinical criteria, the patients were instrumented and hemodynamics obtained before and serially thereafter for 6 hours after the intravenous administration of digoxin given in two 0.5 mg doses 2 hours apart. In response to digoxin, cardiac index increased from 2.6 +/- 0.7 liters/min per m2 to a peak of 3.3 +/- 0.6 liters/min per m2 (p less than 0.005); left ventricular stroke work index (g X m/m2) increased from 27 +/- 16 to 43 +/- 23 (p less than 0.005) and the ejection fraction (eight patients) increased from 21 +/- 13% to 29 +/- 11% (p less than 0.04). Mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure decreased from 24 +/- 7 to a minimum of 17 +/- 4 mm Hg (p less than 0.02).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Short- and long-term treatment of stable effort angina with nicardipine, a new calcium channel blocker: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised, repeated cross-over study.

This study evaluated 1 year the efficacy of therapy with nicardipine in patients with chronic stable angina pectoris. Twenty-five male patients were entered. After a placebo run-in phase, the patients received nicardipine 30 mg, nicardipine 40 mg, and placebo, three times daily given in random, double-blind manner for 8 weeks. A double-blind, cross-over study comparing nicardipine with placebo was then undertaken. After 5 months of open treatment with nicardipine 90 or 120 mg day-1, patients received either placebo or nicardipine for 3 weeks, each followed by the alternative treatment for an additional 3 weeks and further open-label treatment with nicardipine for another 3-5 months. There were no significant changes in the PR, QRS or QT intervals, or in the QRS pattern during the short-term and long-term studies. There were no significant differences in mean heart rate after nicardipine compared with baseline. During treatment with nicardipine 120 mg day-1, patients reported significantly fewer anginal attacks compared with placebo, and nitroglycerin consumption also decreased. Nicardipine increased treadmill time, time to onset of angina, and time to one mm ST segment depression. These effects were maintained after 6 months of continued nicardipine therapy. Adverse effects were minor and well tolerated and included headache, dizziness, gastrointestinal upset, flushing paraesthesia and pedal oedema. Abrupt withdrawal of nicardipine at the end of the study resulted in a rapid return of the original symptoms but without further deterioration from the baseline measurements. Nicardipine was effective in the treatment of stable effort angina pectoris; this benefit was maintained for the entire year of treatment.

Adult↗