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Biomedical subjects

J Spona

Publications and source records attributed to J Spona.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

[Estriol skin effects--clinical, hormonal and sebum parameters in female acne patients].

The following paper presents the results of treatment of premenstrual acne with an estriol containing ointment. The mode of action of this therapy is discussed. Evaluations of serum-HPRL at regular intervals served as parameter for a possible systemic estrogen effect. A central estrogen stimulation could not be proved. For documentation of possible therapeutic effects, we performed thin-layer chromatographic sebum-determinations from treated as well as untreated areas. The same technique could give us information about the working mechanism of external estrogen treatment in telling us possible parallelisms in the course of the lipid values during therapy. The findings confirm the local efficacy of the estriol-ointment. Clinical results ranged between good and excellent in 8 out of 12 patients. In addition the number of skin lesions decreased, and the skin itself looked "improved". This form of therapy may be a possible alternative to systemic hormone therapy or a good supply in a combination therapy.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1983

[Clinical experiences with the prolactin-inhibiting serotonin antagonist metergoline].

20 puerperal women who did not wish to breast feed their infants were treated with the serotonin antagonist metergoline. In 19 cases effective suppression of puerperal lactation was achieved by the administration of metergoline without the side effects or signs of intolerance. Of 9 women with hyperprolactinaemic amenorrhoea treated with metergoline the raised prolactin level was lowered, followed by menstruation in 7 patients. Ovulation even occurred in 5 of these women. One patient had to discontinue therapy due to intolerance. in normoprolactinaemic amenorrhoea regular menstruation reappeared in 4 out of 5 women; 2 patients even ovulated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Hormone receptors: theoretical and experimental aspects of the effect of steroid hormones].

The association of steroids with their cytosol receptors is the first stage in the mechanism of action of steroid hormones. Translocation of the steroid-receptor complex to the nucleus results in the binding of the hormone-receptor complex to chromatin. Subsequently, this process alters gene expression. Oestrogens augment gene expression, leading to cell proliferation and stimulation of protein synthesis. Progesterone may blunt gene expression and antioestrogens act similarly, e.g. tamoxifen inhibits both DNA and protein synthesis. Determination of steroid receptors is a routine diagnostic tool for the management of patients with breast and endometrial cancer.

Binding, Competitive↗
PubMed1983

The gonadotropin response to synthetic gonadotropin releasing factor in patients with testicular cancer.

The response of LH and FSH to synthetic gonadotropin releasing factor (GRF) was investigated in 19 patients with malignant germ cell cancers of the testicle prior to radical orchiectomy. The study showed: 1. Patients with circulating beta-HCG presented with increased plasma levels of oestradiol. Base line FSH and response to GRF were significantly decreased. 2. In patients without detectable beta-HCG plasma concentrations of oestradiol and testosterone were within the normal ranges as compared to healthy age matched controls. Base line levels of FSH and LH were increased and an exaggerated response to GRF was observed. From the results of this study it can be concluded that hypergonadotropic dysfunction of pituitary-gonadal axis exists in patients with testicular cancer of germ cell origin. Beta-HCG production by tumour tissue results in hyperoestrogenism and interferes with the pituitary-gonadal axis in terms of inhibition of pituitary gonadotropin release.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

13,14-Dihydro-15-keto-PGF2 alpha (PGFM) and sulprostone serum levels after application of sulprostone to postpartum women.

13 ,14 -Dihydro-15-keto-PGF2 alpha (PGFM) serum levels were determined by radioimmunoassay in 101 postpartum women who were treated with 200 micrograms methergin, 5 I.U. oxytocin and 500 micrograms sulprostone, respectively, 30 min after expulsion of placenta. All patients had normal deliveries. The present radioimmunoassay system did not show cross-reactivity with sulprostone. In addition, radioimmunoassayable sulprostone serum levels were monitored. Covariance analysis of area under PGFM serum levels between time zero and 180 min after application of oxytocics was performed. A higher but statistically not significantly PGFM serum level was maintained in subjects treated with sulprostone. Sulprostone serum levels are rapidly attained after application. Decrease of radioimmunoassayable sulprostone indicates a half-life of 75 min. These data corroborate clinical findings of an accompanying paper and combine to suggest that sulprostone may be a useful alternative therapy in high-risk patients with severe postpartum atony and hemorrhage in whom prior preventive measures have failed.

Dinoprost↗
PubMed1983

Uterine motility after post-partum application of sulprostone and other oxytocics.

UNLABELLED: With the introduction of prostaglandins to obstetrics another group of substances was known to influence uterine motility also post partum. It was interesting to study the effect of equal doses of synthetic prostaglandin E2 (sulprostone), methergin and synthetic oxytocin on the so-called puerperal model in humans. By transcervically introduced twin-catheters uterine motility was recorded after uncomplicated pregnancy and delivery in 101 volunteers. Uterine motility was recorded and evaluated according to the onset of the effect, its duration, motility pattern and uterine activity. Maternal heart-rate was additionally recorded similarly to the feto-maternal cardiotocogram. All substances were applied by intramuscular injection. The following observations could be made: 1. Onset: sulprostone is effective in the shortest time, followed by oxytocin and methergin. 2. DURATION: the most prolonged effect is noticed with methergin, followed by sulprostone and syntocinon. 3. Motility pattern: the strongest effect can be seen with sulprostone, followed by methergin and syntocinon. 4. Increase of uterine motility was highest with sulprostone, followed by methergin and oxytocin. 5. No side-effects on the maternal heart-rate could be found with any of the tested substances. As a conclusion, sulprostone is recommended in the treatment of severe bleeding post partum when an immediate and long-lasting effect is to be achieved with one single substance.

Dinoprostone↗
PubMed1983

Experience with beta-HCG-positive seminoma.

The clinical findings, diagnosis and course of disease of eight patients with histological pure seminoma of the testis and positive serum beta-HCG levels are presented. In addition to routine investigations, immunohistochemical examination of the formalin-fixed specimen by the immunoperoxidase technique was also carried out. Serum alpha-feto-protein levels of all eight patients remained normal. There was no correlation between serum beta-HCG level and tumour stage. The longest period of observation was 48 months, the shortest 11 months. All patients were treated primarily by radiotherapy. One patient also received chemotherapy and one patient underwent bilateral lymphadenectomy 13 months after radiotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Estrogen - and gestagen - receptors in ovarian carcinoma.

Estrogen (ER) - and progestagen (PgR) - receptors were estimated by a DCC method using Scatchard plot analysis In tissue samples of 68 patients with ovarian carcinomas. The mean ER and PgR levels were at 52 and 74 fmol/mg cytosol protein, respectively. ER+ PgR+ records were noted in 32.4%, ER+ PgR- in 26.4%, ER- PgR+ in 7.4%, and 33.8% presented with ER- PgR-. In the surviving group 44.1% had Er+ PgR+, whereas the patients who died had an incidence of only 20.5% ER+ PgR+. In addition, the incidences of ER+ PgR+ in stage I plus II and stage III plus IV patients were 42.6 and 29.5%, respectively. Furthermore, higher incidences of ER+ PgR+ were recorded in patients older than 60 years of age (63%) than in younger subjects (36%). The present data combine to suggest that receptor assays should become a useful tool in the management of patients bearing ovarian carcinomas. In addition, ER and PgR determinations provide a prognostic index and may improve the possibility to predict which well-differentiated stage I ovarian carcinomas are likely to recur.

Female↗
PubMed1983

Do sexual steroids contribute to the pathomechanism of rosacea? A study of estrogen and androgen receptors in acne rosacea.

Estrogen- and androgen receptor levels were investigated in the skin of 11 male and 4 female rosacea patients. No significant difference in receptor distribution or in receptor levels could be found between rosacea lesions and normal skin of the same patients. Moreover, hormone serum levels were in the normal range. Data from the present investigation suggest that rosacea formation is not governed by endocrine, although clinical and electron microscopic observations indicate a possible endocrine influence at the vascular level.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Hormone receptors in normal skin and acne.

Estrogen and androgen receptors were investigated in 55 male and 11 female volunteer patients with acne, the samples of efflorescence bearing skin and of normal skin being biopsied and kept frozen in liquid nitrogen until assayed. For the determination of androgen and estrogen receptors the saturation analysis was used. The level of testosterone and estradiol in blood was measured in the same patients with the aid of radioimmunoassay. As a control a skin of the same age was used. Of the male acne patients 52% were estrogen-receptor positive in the acne-lesions and 51% positive in their normal skin, while only 18% of the normal male controls were positive. Of the female acne patients 25% and 66% were estrogen receptor positive in their efflorescences and normal skin, respectively. Of the female normal controls 33% were estrogen receptor positive. No correlation could be demonstrated between the steroid receptor concentration and the hormone serum levels. The determination of androgen receptors showed a positive result in 50% of the male patients in the lesions and 60% in the normal skin. Normal male controls were androgen receptor positive in 27%. Of the female acne patients 25% were androgen receptor positive in the lesions and 17% in their normal skin. Of the female controls 23% were androgen receptor positive in the skin. It was concluded that the whole skin of acne patients has a higher target organ sensitivity than the skin of normal controls of same age. The missing correlation between hormone serum levels and receptor levels suggests an independent hormone-metabolism of the skin. The meaning of the occurrence of estrogen receptors in acne lesions and normal skin has to be further investigated.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1983

[Therapy of idiopathic oligozoospermia with bromicriptine. Results of a prospective controlled study].

The effect of bromocriptin on semen parameters and endocrine profiles in 25 males presenting idiopathic oligozoospermia was evaluated in a prospective controlled clinical trial versus 25 patients treated with placebo. Following results were obtained: a) Serum concentrations of prolactin decreased significantly during bromocriptin treatment while FSH, LH and Testosterone concentration remained unchanged. b) Sperm count, motility and morphology were not significantly affected by bromocriptin versus placebo. c) Conception rate was not significantly different between the treatment and placebo group. From the results of this study it can be concluded that bromocriptin is no suitable agent in the treatment of idiopathic, normoprolactinemic oligozoospermia.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Differences in inhibition by various steroids of rat testis and Pseudomonas testosteroni delta 5-3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.

The influence of various estrogens, progestogens and of cyanoketone (2 alpha-cyano-4,4,17 alpha-trimethylandrost-5-en-17 beta-ol-3-one) on the enzyme activity of delta 5-3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) (EC 1.1.1.145) was studied. Extracts of Pseudomonas testosteroni, rat testis total homogenate and a microsomal preparation were used as enzyme sources. Spectrophotometric determinations and the conversion of 3H-labelled dehydroepiandrosterone to androstenedione were used to assay for enzyme activities. Michaelis constants for dehydroepiandrosterone as substrate were 1.0 X 10(-5) mol, 1.5 X 10(-5) mol and 5 X 10(-6) mol for the bacterial enzyme, total homogenate and microsomal rat testis preparation, respectively. Dixon plot analysis was used to calculate apparent inhibition constants. Differences in the inhibition by steroids of the bacterial and testicular enzyme preparation were noted. The bacterial enzyme was inhibited by norethisterone (Ki = = 13.7 X 10(-6) mol) and by norethisterone acetate (Ki = 12.1 X 10(-6) mol), whereas no inhibition by norethisterone was noted in the rat testis enzyme assay systems. Norethisterone acetate was found to compete very weakly (Ki = 150 X 10(-6) mol) for binding to the active site of the rat testis microsomal enzyme. In addition, ethinylestradiol had an apparent inhibition constant of one tenth of the Michaelis constant in all enzyme preparations. The present data combine to suggest differences in the binding affinities of the catalytic sites between bacterial and testicular HSD systems. In addition, results of this investigation suggest that neither norethisterone nor a combination of norethisterone and ethinylestradiol cause hypospadias by inhibition of HSD activity in fetuses, whose mothers were treated with these steroids.

3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1983

[Conservative therapy of mastopathy].

In this publication about the conservative therapy of mastopathy is referred. The expression "mastopathy" should be replaced by a histopathological classification. The etiology of this disease is discussed. At the moment hormonal treatment and treatment without hormones is used. The therapy of this disease isn't very important because of the high incidence. A preliminary report about a randomized study for conservative treatment of mastopathy is given, which could influence the therapeutic procedure of conservative treatment even now.

Female↗
PubMed1983

Clinical and experimental aspects of hormone receptors in breast carcinoma patients.

Estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PgR) receptor contents were determined in 214 patients with primary mammary carcinoma. Premenopausal and postmenopausal females (43 and 48%, respectively) were found to be ER and PgR positive. ER levels between 100 and 500 fmol/mg protein were observed in 37% postmenopausal and 14% premenopausal patients, respectively. ER distribution between lymph node-positive and -negative patients did not differ significantly. Subjects without detectable ER had recurrences earlier than did subjects with ER. On the other hand, no differences in recurrence rates were noted when PgR-positive and -negative patients were compared. In addition, the determination of ER did not permit selection of patients for adjuvant cytotoxic chemotherapy. Furthermore, the action of tamoxifen was investigated in the rat pituitary as a model system. Tamoxifen was found to act as antiestrogen at the level of transcription by inhibiting the accumulation of estrogen-stimulated preprolactin mRNA. Combined data suggest that patients with positive lymph nodes and positive receptors may benefit from combined endocrine plus cytotoxic adjuvant chemotherapy.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Correlation between serum FSH and histological findings on testicular biopsy in men with azoospermia and severe oligozoospermia].

In 51 infertile men with azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia the histological findings on testicular biopsy were compared with the preoperative serum FSH level. In cases of absence of spermatogenesis on testicular biopsy the FSH showed the expected highly significant "feed back" increase, whereas in cases of functioning, but highly pathological spermatogenesis the serum FSH level gave no indication of the type of dysspermatogenesis. Normal FSH levels were found in over 90% of men showing normal spermatogenesis with obstructive azoospermia. Hence, complete inspection of the testis, with attempted demonstration of spermatozoa in the epidydimis, is essential in these cases during testicular biopsy in order to avoid an unnecessary secondary operative refertilizing procedure (epidydimovasostomy) when the site of obstruction is the rete testis.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Sex steroid hormone receptor analysis in malignant melanoma.

Melanomas, as well as benign pigmented nevi, long-term cell cultures of melanoma cells and sixty-six normal skin biopsies, were evaluated for oestrogen and androgen receptor activity by a dextran-coated charcoal method. Oestrogen-binding was observed in 16% and androgen-binding in 40% of all investigated tumours. Normal skin showed 4% oestrogen and 41% androgen receptor activity; melanoma cell cultures expressed the same sex steroid hormone binding as tumour material. The quantitative receptor expression was found to be significantly higher in female than in male melanoma patients. Even though the study shows that to a certain extent malignant melanoma is a hormone dependent tumour, it seems that sex steroid hormones are not exclusively related to the biological behaviour of this tumour. In future, investigations should be expanded to other hormonal influences.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Gonadotropin responsiveness to luteinizing hormone releasing hormone in prepubertal and pubertal patients with growth hormone deficiency.

Gonadotropin response to 100 microgram/m2 LHRH was determined in 31 patients with growth hormone deficiency. According to their bone ages the patients were divided into a "prepubertal" (n = 18) and a "pubertal" (n = 13) group. The results were compared with the LHRH tests from 16 healthy prepubertal boys and girls and 32 healthy adult probands, respectively. The maximum increment of LH and FSH was evaluated. In the "prepubertal" group five patients had an insufficient rise of LH and FSH, four of them having additional anterior pituitary hormone deficiencies. In the "pubertal" group nine patients were found to be gonadotropin deficient, all of them had additional hormone deficiencies, TSH being the most frequently affected hormone. Only one of 14 gonadotropin-deficient patients had no other than growth hormone deficiency in addition. An isolated decreased FSH increment without LH deficiency was found in 6 male and 2 female patients and is not thought to be of diagnostic value. No influence of growth hormone treatment or growth velocity on the gonadotropin responsiveness was found. Patients with an additional thyreotropic defect could be classified as pituitary or hypothalamic disorder due to their reaction in the TRH test. These groups could not be differentiated by a single bolus LHRH test, indicating the need of prolonged stimulation to recover the pituitary hyporesponsiveness. Due to methodological problems the diagnosis of gonadotropin deficiency in an individual patient of the prepubertal age group might be questioned. However, a normal gonadotropin response to LHRH can be expected in prepubertal patients with growth hormone deficiency and may indicate a normal gonadotropin function.

Adolescent↗