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Biomedical subjects

J Smith

Publications and source records attributed to J Smith.

At least 1,387 records · Page 77Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Long survival and immunologic reconstitution following transplantation with syngeneic or allogeneic fetal liver and neonatal spleen cells.

(1)Spleen cells from newborn syngeneic and allogeneic mice that lack fully differentiated T lymphocytes can be used as a hematopoietic source to reconstitute both hematopoietic and lymphoid systems of lethally irradiated mice without producing a GVHR. (2) Fetal liver cells from syngeneic and allogeneic mice that lack postthymic T lymphocytes can also be used for hematopoietic and immunologic reconstitution of lethally irradiated mice without producing GVHR. (3) Immunologic deficiency is observed in some experiments in mice given supralethal irradiation (1000 R) and fetal liver as reconstituting hematopoietic tissue. (4) The findings suggest that Tcells, at an early stage of differentiation, are more susceptible to tolerance induction than are T lymphocytes at later stages of differentiation and do not, in general, produce GVHR. (5) It is postulated that hematopoietic cells, free of postthymic lymphoid cells, can be used for hematopoietic or immunologic reconstituting and cellular engineering without producing GVHD.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Involvement of the nipple and areola in carcinoma of the breast.

The records of all patients in whom a mastectomy was performed for carcinoma of the breast at this clinic during a recent two year period were reviewed, and the gross specimens were re-examined to study the incidence of cancerous involvement of the nipple and areola and related local clinical findings. Cancer was present in the nipple or areola, or both, in 12.2 per cent of the specimens. When the nipple and areola were clinically normal, involvement of the nipple and areola by carcinoma was rare if the primary tumor was less than 2 centimeters in diameter and was not situated behind the areola.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1976

IgA and IgM cytoplastic inclusions in a series of cases of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.

Seventy-two cases of typical chronic lymphocytic leukaemia were screened by electron microscopy for the presence of intracytoplasmic immunoglobulin crystals. Immunoglobulin inclusions were found in four cases. Immunofluorescent studies showed that the inclusions contained IgA in two cases and IgM in the other two patients. Lambda light chain specificity was demonstrated in all four cases. The ultrastructure of the inclusions was identical in each patient except that in one of the IgA cases the inclusions were found in the perinuclear cistern in addition to the more usual location within cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum. Surface immunofluorescence showed mu heavy chains in the two cases displaying IgM crystal formation, but in the two IgA patients, no alpha heavy chains were demonstrable at the cell surface. The possible significance of these findings is discussed in relation to the existing literature.

Cytoplasm↗
PubMed1976

Removal of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) from plasma fractions.

Endogenous or deliberately added hepatitis B antigen was removed and concentrated for assay from albumin, and from coagulation factor II, VII, IX, and X concentrates as model plasma fractions. The concentrates carry considerable risk of causing hepatitis in transfused patients. The amount of antigen remaining in the fraction was estimated to be less than 1/10,000 of that detectable by the Ausria II radioimmunoassay and 1/100 of that found to be infectious when highly contaminated human sera were diluted and injected in chimpanzees. Batch fractionation methods with polyethylene glycol were used. The yield of albumin was 96 per cent and of the coagulation factors about 90 per cent.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1975

Probenecid and rifampicin serum levels.

Serum-levels of rifampicin were investigated in patients receiving rifampicin alone or with other antituberculosis drugs. 2 g of probenecid given 30 min before 300 mg of rifampicin did not result in raising serum levels to more than half those achieved with the standard 600 mg dose of rifampicin. Hence probenecid should not be used to reduce rifampicin dosage in antituberculosis therapy.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1975

Cervical neoplasia in residents of a low-income housing project: an epidemiologic study.

In 1969, a published report estimated that the incidence of cervical cancer in a low-income housing project in Atlanta, G Georgia, might be of epidemic proportion. In 1971, we surveyed this housing project to determine if the prevalence rate of cervical neoplasia was unusually high during the period January, 1969, through September, 1971. From the survey we determined the number of women at risk for cervical neoplasia, and we determined the number of women who had cervical neoplasia from the Tumor Registry at Grady Memorial Hospital. The over-all cervical dysplasia rate was 63/1,000. The over-all prevalence rate of cervical carcinoma in situ was 11/1,000. These rates were compared with rates in two studies which also dealt with the prevalence of cervical neoplasia in low-income black populations. The rates in all three studies were comparable. We conclude that the high rates do not necessarily signify an epidemic, but we suspect that the prevalence of cervical neoplasia in low-income black women is much higher than previously estimated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Pharmacokinetic model for a primary antibody response.

Antigen distribution and clearance studied in vivo may be viewed as a pharmacokinetic problem complicated by the intervention of the immune response. A model characterizing the clearance of the simple antigen phiX174 from the bloodstream of various experimental animals, as well as the subsequent serum antibody response, was developed. The present model is the simplest of the possible models and no doubt will have to be modified when considering more complex antigens, additional distribution modes, and differences in antibody reactivity. For the primary (IgM) immune response, however, early events in the immunological response can be adequately accounted for in a consistent and quantitative manner.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Computer aided nystagmus analysis.

The electronystagmogram (ENG) is analyzed with the assistance of a PDP-8 minicomputer for calculating the instantaneous slope, average slope, lead frequency, lag frequency and cycle frequency of both the fast and slow wave components of the ENG. The ENG data is first digitized and displayed on a storage scope in order to permit the operator to select an epoch of data. The results are then displayed on the scope, and the mean and variance of the important parameters are outputted on the teletype. The programs include a system for storing a large library of records.

Computers↗
PubMed1975

Self-poisoning and self-injury in the Oxford area. Epidemiological aspects 1969-73.

A prospective study of self-poisoning and self-injury in the Oxford area for 1972-73 and a retrospective study for 1969 has shown the following: (a) The number of admissions to a general hospital following self-poisoning and self-injury has increased by approximately 45% in 3 1/2 years. The increase is more marked in women than in men. (b) When compared with a previous study the incidence in Oxford city has quadrupled in ten years. (c) A total of 74% of men and 67% of women, aged 16 years and over, harming themselves in this way are under the age of 35 years. The repetitiveness is increasing and the proportion of those repeating the attempt was 10% within three months, and 15% within six months. (d) The rates are exceptionally high for teenage wives and single, widowed, and divorced women aged between 24-35 years. Single men show exceptionally high rates in the 35-45 year age group. (e) With the exception of married women aged between 25 and 34 years and women over 60, the rates were higher in urban than in rural areas. (f) In men the rates were higher among personal service workers, semi-skilled manual and unskilled manual workers. In women the rates were highest among non-manual, ancillary to professional (especially nurses), and semi-skilled manual workers. Male students had rates much lower than those of their age group, while female students had rates about the same as their age group. The lowest rates were among professional and 'own account' workers.

Adolescent↗