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Biomedical subjects

J Smith

Publications and source records attributed to J Smith.

At least 1,351 records · Page 75Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Parosteal (juxtacortical) osteogenic sarcoma. A roentgenological study of 30 patients.

Detailed analysis of the roentgen findings in 30 well-documented cases of parosteal osteogenic sarcoma (POS) was made. The supposedly characteristic periosteal lucency (cleavage plane) was found in only 30% of the patients. While most tumors were densely ossified, the radiodensity was uniform in only 27%. The surface of the tumor was usually irregular and a truly smooth surface was seen in only 24%. Four patients underwent arteriography; there was vessel displacement by the tumors but all were avascular. No correlation between the histologic grade of tumor and roentgen signs was found.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Ethambutol plus isoniazid compared with rifampicin plus isoniazid in antituberculosis continuation treatment.

Patients with bacteriologically positive pulmonary tuberculosis were treated initially for an average of three and a half months with isoniazid, rifampicin, and ethambutol and then a total of one year's treatment was completed with either rifampicin plus isoniazid (R+I) or with ethambutol plus isoniazid (E+I). 63 patients in each continuation group were followed up for at least one year, and no relapses occurred. Continuation treatment with E+I was as effective and acceptable as that with R+I and was much less costly.

Drug Therapy, Combination↗
PubMed1977

Linearization of data for saturation-type competitive protein binding assay and radioimmunoassay.

Most of the commonly-performed competitive protein-binding radioassay methods utilized in the clinical laboratory are based on the principle of saturation analysis. Although many different methods for linearization of saturation-type assays have been proposed, the algebraic equivalency of all of these methods has not been adequately documented. In this manuscript we have shown the physical and mathematical basis for various methods for linearlization of saturation type assays and the algebraic equivalency of these linearization methods. We have also shown that key parameters such as slope and intercept may be dependent on different components of the assays system with differnt linearization methods. An understanding of these key parameters can help the analyst to evaluate changes in these key parameters and to integrate these parameters in a complete quality control system.

Binding, Competitive↗
PubMed1977

Evaluation of burn care in florida.

To determine if additional burn-care facilities or educational programs for burn care were needed within Florida, 73 of the state's 220 hospitals were studied. Data were collected on hospital statistics for a one-year period, as well as on 1656 patients admitted for burns to these hospitals during that year. When results were adjusted for severity of the injury, there was no evidence that outcomes of patients were better in any one or group of the State's eight regions, or in hospitals that had special burn units. Considerable evidence, however, indicated the need for additional educational programs in burn care. Many records were poor, admissions were inappropriate, patients with minor burns stayed too long, and burn shock was too frequent.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Pathophysiology of postoperative ileus.

In eight dogs, cellotomy, rubbing the small bowel, and exposing it to air suppressed the migrating bursts of action potentials and contractions that occur in the gastrointestinal tract during fasting and greatly slowed (one to three days) the gastrointestinal transit of 7-mm plastic spheres. The operation also caused a transient one-day increase in the concentration of epinephrine and a more prolonged five-day increase in the concentration and norepinephrine in arterial and venous plasma. Phentolamine mesylate and propranolol hydrochloride prevented the inhibition of the bursts of gastric action potentials brought about by operation, but these drugs did not alter the inhibition of the small intestinal action potentials or the speed of gastrointestinal transit of spheres.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1977

Adjuvant multiple drug chemotherapy for osteosarcoma of the extremity.

Results of treatment for osteosarcoma of the extremity have been poor with metastases usually causing death within 2 years following diagnosis. Because of the great risk of development of metastases, 20 patients have received adjuvant chemotherapy with Adriamycin, cyclophosphamide and high-dose methotrexate-leucovorin rescue for up to 12 months following amputation for osteosarcoma. Sixteen of these patients are surviving; 11 are free of evident tumor from 6 to 34 months following amputation. Five patients were found to have pulmonary metastases while receiving chemotherapy and three patients developed metastases following completion of chemotherapy. One patient died following her third treatment with high-dose methotrexate-leucorovin rescue. Other toxicity included nausea, vomiting, mucosal ulcerations, infections, hematologic abnormalities, changes in kidney and liver functions tests, and minor coagulation abnormalities. The natural history of osteosarcoma may have been modified by the use of these agents for periods exceeding the median time to predicted detection of pulmonary metastases. Microscopic metastases of some patients were eradicated by this adjuvant chemotherapy. For patients who developed metastases, these metastases were delayed in their time of detection and in their number at the time of detection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Development of choline acetyltransferase and cholinesterase activities in enteric ganglia derives from presumptive adrenergic and cholinergic levels of the neural crest.

The cholinergic differentiation of enteric ganglia in embryos of chick and quail was studied with particular reference to cholinesterase and choline acetyltransferase activities. Differentiation during normal development was compared with that obtained after culture of the neural primordium or neural crest in direct association with aneural hindgut. Biochemically differentiated cholinergic ganglia developed in explants containing cells from either the 'vagal' (presumptive cholinergic) or 'truncal' (presumptive adrenergic) levels of the neural crest. Neither extra-intestinal migration of neural crest cell nor the presence of central preganglionic fibres is a prerequisite for enteric ganglion differentiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Nocardia asteroides thenar space infection: a case report.

Nocardia commonly is thought of as producing a chronic pulmonary or granulomatous skin infection, but this report illustrates that it may begin as an acute inflammatory process. In view of the tenosynovitis which followed exploration of the tendon sheath in the patient presented and which required a second operation, it may be better to aspirate the sheath at a distant site to look for pus. Actinomycetes should be suspected and looked for with appropriate methods in any suppurative lesion, especially one not responding to conventional antibiotics.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Endogenous DNA-directed DNA synthesising system in a microsomal fraction of embryonic chick brain.

A DNA polymerising complex directed by endogenous DNA has been partially purified from 11-day-old embryonic chick brain microsomes by DEAE-cellulose and phosphocellulose column chromatography. The active fractions are eluted together with an exogenous DNA-directed DNA polymerase; after Sephadex gel filtration, the endogenous activity remains associated with a high molecular weight DNA-directed DNA polymerase. The endogenous activity of the complex has been shown to be RNase-resistant and actinomycin-sensitive. It requires potassium, an ATP-regenerating system and all four deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates for full activity. The significance of this activity with regard to the protovirus hypothesis is discussed.

Animals↗