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Biomedical subjects

J Smith

Publications and source records attributed to J Smith.

At least 1,153 records · Page 64Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Intravenous cis-platinum for invasive bladder cancer. Safety and feasibility of a new approach.

The five-year survival rate of patients with locally invasive bladder cancer (stages T3-T4, Nx, Mo) is less than 50% whatever treatment is given. In an effort to improve the prognosis of patients with this disease, we have incorporated into a management protocol two cycles of intravenous administration of cis-platinum before surgery or radiotherapy (which function as the "definitive" treatment). In 10 of the first 12 patients treated, tumour necrosis has been demonstrated histologically, and definite clinical responses have been observed in eight patients after two cycles of cis-platinum treatment. The toxicity has been acceptable, and subsequent management has not been compromised.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Angle-closure glaucoma in adults with cicatricial retinopathy of prematurity.

Acute angle-closure glaucoma developed in three adults who were being followed up for stable cicatricial retinopathy of prematurity. After medical therapy succeeded in breaking the attack of angle-closure glaucoma, two of the patients were treated with surgical peripheral iridectomy and one patient was treated by argon laser iridotomy. All three of the patients had stabilization of their intraocular pressure and preservation of their visual acuity during follow-up of 2 1/2 to five years' duration.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Ferritin deposition in the glomerular deposits of focal glomerular sclerosis in the rat.

The glomerular lesions of focal sclerosis clinically associated with a steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome, are of unknown origin. IgM and C3 deposits and electron dense material found in areas of sclerosis are not convincing evidence of an immune pathogenesis. These deposits have been studied in a rat model of focal sclerosis induced by uninephrectomy and repeated aminonucleoside administration. Sclerotic lesions closely resembling human disease developed in the remaining kidney. There was a severe progressive proteinuria. Seventy-eight days after initial aminonucleoside injection 65 per cent of glomeruli were sclerotic with IgM, IgG, C3 and fibrinogen deposits, and electron dense deposits by electron microscopy. To study macromolecule in this model of focal sclerosis, ferritin uptake 4 and 24 h after intravenous ferritin given at 77 days was compared in focal sclerosis rats with control rats without sclerosis (uninephrectomy plus saline-only injections). In focal sclerosis rats sclerotic areas contained massive accumulations of ferritin. In unaffected segments of sclerotic glomeruli, and normal glomeruli of focal sclerosis rats, ferritin concentration was no different from controls. Abnormal ferritin trapping in areas of sclerosis suggests that the presence of IgM and C3 may be due to a similar mechanism, and is not indicative of an immune pathogenesis for focal sclerosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

tRNA-rRNA sequence homologies: a model for the origin of a common ancestral molecule, and prospects for its reconstruction.

A model is proposed for the early evolution of the coding mechanism. A primordial RNA embodies the functions of today's nucleic acids in a single molecule. The molecule is generated by successive rounds of self-priming and -templating. After proximity is assured by enclosure in a cell, the functions can be partitioned among more efficient specialized molecules. The prediction of sequence homologies in later forms prompted a search for matches between t- and r-RNAs. These are described. Their distributions offer clues to their origins. The existance of overlapping homologies indicates an approach to the reconstruction of an ancestral molecule.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1984

Sulfasalazine in treatment of collagenous colitis. Case report and review of the literature.

A patient is described with chronic colitis, watery diarrhea, and colonic mucosal subepithelial collagen deposition that resolved while being treated with sulfasalazine. The clinicopathologic features were consistent with collagenous colitis. Theoretically, the thickened collagen layer impairs water and electrolyte absorption, producing watery diarrhea. Such increased collagen is rarely observed in other inflammatory colon diseases and may represent a distinct morphologic reaction to various, yet undefined, injuries. Although the clinical course is benign, appropriate therapy for the debilitating symptoms is poorly understood. This report suggests that sulfasalazine may be helpful in some cases.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1984

Effect of various vitamin D analogs on plasma calcium and phosphorus and intestinal calcium absorption in fed and unfed American eels, Anguilla rostrata.

Injection of about 1 ng/g body wt per day of either vitamin D3 or 1,25-(OH)2-vitamin D3 for 7 days induces hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia in fed American eels, Anguilla rostrata, but only hyperphosphatemia in unfed eels. These same analogs also stimulated the uptake of 45Ca from intestinal sacs in situ. The vitamin D3 appeared to be relatively more effective than the 1,25-(OH)2D3 metabolite and chlorpromazine inhibited the effect of vitamin D3 on intestinal calcium uptake. 7-Dehydrocholesterol, vitamin D2, and 24,25-(OH)2D3 did not stimulate hypercalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, or intestinal calcium uptake.

24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3↗
PubMed1984

Norfloxacin versus cotrimoxazole in the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections--a multi-centre trial.

One hundred and twenty-two patients with uncomplicated urinary tract infections were treated with either 400 mg bd norfloxacin or 160/800 mg bd cotrimoxazole for 7 days. Follow-up examinations showed norfloxacin to be equally effective as cotrimoxazole in the eradication of bacteriuria and symptoms. Norfloxacin caused fewer and less severe side effects.

Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary↗
PubMed1984

Urinary tract undiversion.

Nine children underwent urinary diversion for lower urinary tract obstruction and were followed for periods of 2.5 to 15 years (median 10 years). Eight had cutaneous ureterostomies and the ninth had an ileal conduit. Undiversion was performed because of the return of normal function, the possibility of renal transplantation and ileal conduit stomal obstruction. The patients have been followed for periods ranging from 6 months to 9 years (median 2.5 years) after undiversion. To date, eight have moderate to good renal function. The remaining child has progressive renal failure. Eight are continent and one has mild stress incontinence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Cushing's syndrome and bronchial carcinoid tumour.

Adrenal function test results in a girl with Cushing's syndrome and a bronchial carcinoid tumour suggested pituitary dependent hypercortisolism. Resolution after excision of the tumour indicated that her condition had been caused by ectopic adrenocorticotrophic hormone secretion. Conventional tests of adrenal function may be misleading in cases of adrenocorticotrophic hormone secreting bronchial carcinoid tumours.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Clinical significance of human papillomavirus infection of the uterine cervix in the development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.

A group of 25 controls and 30 women with lesions of the cervix associated with papillomavirus were studied prospectively by colposcopy and cytology for up to two years to investigate the relation between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection of the cervix and resolution or progression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). We found that the viral changes were transient and that active infection, as judged by repeated colposcopic and cytological examination, resolved in 83% of the patients. Resolution or persistence of the viral infection did not appear to affect the development of the CIN lesion. The proportion of CIN lesions that resolved and persisted were the same for the study group and the controls. Possible reactivation of latent papillomavirus was noted in three control group patients. Our findings indicate that changes in the cervix associated with papillomavirus should not influence the clinical management or follow up of patients with CIN.

Adolescent↗