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Biomedical subjects

J Slack

Publications and source records attributed to J Slack.

112 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Application of the MultiScreen system to cytokine radioreceptor assays.

Radioreceptor assays are becoming increasingly valuable in the biotechnology community for a variety of basic and applied research applications. It is clear, for example, that assessing the potential spectrum of biological activities of a novel polypeptide regulatory factor can be greatly simplified by the development of a rapid radioreceptor assay, since a wide variety of cell types can be screened using a single type of assay. By contrast, searching for potentially diverse biological effects can be an extremely time-consuming process. In addition, screening for agonists/antagonists for hormones using radioreceptor assays has a marked advantage compared with biological assays, in that compounds or natural products that are toxic to cells will not read out as false positives in a binding assay. Our laboratory has developed a major program centered on the molecular characterization of receptors for polypeptide hormones involved in immune regulation, including a number of cytokines/interleukins and also several colony stimulating factors. We have developed a variety of radioreceptor- and fluorescence-based assay systems for ligand-receptor interactions, with applications in basic characterization, purification, cDNA cloning, and drug development screens for cytokine receptors. In this report we compare two assay formats, a standard phthalate oil centrifugation method and a novel plate filtration system, using the interaction between interleukin-1 alpha and its receptor as a test system.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of supplemental oxygen on cardiopulmonary changes during gastrointestinal endoscopy.

This prospective study evaluated supplemental oxygen as an effective means of preventing hypoxemia and electrocardiographic changes in sedated patients undergoing endoscopic procedures. Ninety-five patients with documented ischemic heart disease and 106 patients without heart or lung disease were studied. Patients within each group received either supplemental oxygen (2 L/minute) via nasal cannula or room air. Hypoxemia (oxygen saturation below 90%) and ST-segment deviations occurred in cardiac and control groups. The combination of midazolam and meperidine significantly increased the risk for hypoxemia as compared to midazolam alone (44% versus 8%). Supplemental oxygen significantly decreased, but did not entirely prevent, hypoxemia in cardiac and control groups. The incidence of ST-segment deviation in cardiac patients who were hypoxic was significantly lower in the group receiving oxygen (p = .0015). Supplemental oxygen did not affect the incidence of arrhythmias. Prophylactic supplemental oxygen should be administered to patients with ischemic heart disease who undergo conscious sedation for upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures.

Adult↗