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Biomedical subjects

J Simon

Publications and source records attributed to J Simon.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Outcomes of surgery under Medicaid.

In this study, health outcomes during the 6-month period following surgery are examined for all Medicaid recipients in Michigan and Georgia who underwent selected surgical procedures between July 1, 1981, and June 30, 1982. Readmissions were somewhat more prevalent in both States for hysterectomy, cholecystectomy, appendectomy, and myringotomy. On almost all measures in both States, levels of post-surgical utilization, expenditure, and complications were higher among females, older patients, Supplemental Security Income enrollees, and those with higher levels of presurgical utilization and longer and more costly surgical stays. The results further demonstrate the utility of claims data in monitoring outcomes of surgery.

Data Collection↗
PubMed1990

[Intra- and postoperative effect of different hydroxyethyl starch solutions on the flow properties of the blood and on the oxygen partial pressure of the conjunctiva].

During lumbar disc operation in the flexed prone position, a decrease in conjunctival pO2 can be observed although there is an increase in systemic blood flow after infusion of colloidal volume expanders. The regions of the body situated below the heart do not profit from the increase in systemic blood flow due to compression. The pO2 decreases more significantly after the infusion of a medium-molecular-weight solution with a more marked hemodynamic effect than after the infusion of low-molecular-weight hydroxyethyl starch. As the decrease in conjunctival pO2 is considerably less after low-molecular-weight hydroxyethyl starch, improved blood fluidity may be responsible for the increased tissue perfusion in the compressed area.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Statistical analysis of functional interrelations between anterior guidance and posterior determinants].

During the last decade, the concept of an effective, even steep anterior guidance did evolve toward the description of a "kinder" or "softer" anterior guidance which, while ensuring the disclusion of the posterior teeth, leaves some anterior functional freedom. It then becomes necessary to determine more precisely the criteria for diagnosis, orthodontic treatment, prosthetic restoration of anterior functional surfaces. In order to reveal some functional agreement between an anterior and posterior guidance, the analysis of the functional morphology of antero-maxillar teeth in relation to their skeletal context was proposed, in a study of 33 cases, so as to correlate the condylar steepness measured by axiography. It should be noted that a decreasing gradient exists between the mean respective values of the functional slopes of the central incisors (S1 = 64.3 degrees), and lateral incisors (SF1 = 53.5 degrees) and the canine (Cf = 51.8 degrees). Although the cingular surface S1 does not appear to have any influence on the posterior guiding factor (r = 0.1), in fact the anterior functional surface which is stategic in mastication, is located on the occlusal surface of the palatol side (S2) of the antero-maxillary teeth. The correlation is significant (r = 0.325) when the anterior guidance (incisives and canines) is associated to the mean condylar value more than being correlated to the mean functional value of the central incisor alone. It thus appears logical that the functional modeling of the articular cavities be influenced by the overall anterior guidance and not by the single central incisor. It has also been possible to emphasise the influence of the orientation of the occlusal plane in the anterior functional relationship (r = 0.547); thus, the anterior guidance appears to have to be assessed over a "relative overall analysis": overall: meaning the overall anterior guidance, i.e. the six anterior maxillary teeth; relative: meaning measured in relation to the occlusal plane. This concept of relative overall analysis of the anterior guidance, developed using a simple computerised program, will allow the diagnosis and anterior prosthetic or orthodontic restoration to be facilitated.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Results of an epidemiological study of the prevalence of arterial hypertension among employees of selected plants in Moscow and Plzen. A cooperative study.

The quality of medical care provided especially to patients with arterial hypertension employed in three industrial plants (ZIL Automobile Works, Moscow, Mytishchi Machine Works, and Skoda Works, Plzen, Czechoslovakia) was investigated in random samples of male and female employees aged 35-64 years. The lowest prevalence of hypertension (AH) was found in Skoda Works (26.4 +/- 1.3%). A standardized cooperative epidemiological study detected a low percentage of treated AH cases and insufficient efficacy of treatment in all three plants, especially among young male hypertensives. The epidemiological status of AH in the ZIL and Mytishchi Works was less favourable compared with that in Skoda Works. Epidemiological data represent an indispensable basis for developing a scientific approach to primary and secondary prevention of AH.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Anti-CD3 antibody-induced expression of both p55 and p75 chains of the high affinity interleukin-2 receptor on human T lymphocytes is inhibited by cyclosporin A.

The inhibitory effect of cyclosporin (CsA) was investigated on human lymphocytes stimulated by anti-T-cell antibodies (anti-CD3 and -CD2) or mitogenic lectins. Whereas inhibition of cell proliferation (50%) occurred at 10 ng/ml CsA after cell activation via CD3 or CD2, higher CsA concentrations (300 ng/ml) were necessary to inhibit lectin-mediated cell activation (PHA, Con A). Exogenous recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) partially reversed the inhibitory effect on antibody-stimulated cells only; however, at higher CsA concentrations (300 ng/ml) proliferation was again inhibited. Thus, CsA affected IL-2R expression and/or function at higher concentrations (300 ng/ml). CsA had no effect on receptor function as measured on IL-2-dependent cell growth of CTLL cells or preactivated lymphocytes. However, CsA inhibited both high and low affinity receptor expression as shown by [125I]IL-2 equilibrium binding studies on anti-CD3-stimulated cells. Cross-linking studies revealed that both p55 (TAC) and p75 chains of the IL-2R were not induced at low CsA concentrations (10 ng/ml). However, addition of rIL-2 reversed CsA inhibition of IL-2R expression. It is concluded that CsA, at least in anti-CD3-stimulated cells, inhibits IL-2R expression and cell proliferation with similar potency. Exogenous rIL-2 reverses CsA inhibition of IL-2R expression. This might be due to binding of rIL-2 to receptors which escape CsA inhibition, thereby up-regulating receptor expression which is drug resistant.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

Clinical and clinicopathologic effects of samarium-153-EDTMP administered intravenously to normal beagle dogs.

A study was undertaken to determine the degree of acute bone marrow and vital organs injury sustained when dogs were administered doses of 153Sm-EDTMP calculated to irradiate an acute bone lesion arising from cancer metastasis to a dose considered palliative or even therapeutic (20-160 Gy). The study revealed significant (p less than 0.05) temporary depression of the bone marrow in all doses in the therapeutic (greater than 40 Gy) range. Palliative (20 Gy) doses caused significant leukocyte depression but insignificant (p greater than 0.05) depression of platelet and packed cell volumes when compared to control animals. A mild transient rise in the levels of serum alkaline phosphatase occurred immediately following radioisotope administration. All hematologic parameters had returned to normal by six weeks after the last injection of radioisotope. The study indicates potential for this compound as a safe, therapeutic radiopharmaceutical for treatment of cancer bone metastasis.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1990

[Pseudo-angina pain of esophageal origin. Results of functional study and value of the balloon distention test].

In patients with angina-like chest pain, the diagnostic value of esophageal investigations has not been definitively established. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic value of different esophageal investigations in 45 patients (group I) with angina-like chest pain for which a cardiac origin had been previously excluded. These investigations included esophageal manometry, Bernstein test, edrophonium test, balloon distention test, and 24-hour pH monitoring (with event marker). These patients were compared to two control groups: a) 9 subjects with documented coronary disease (group IIa), and b) 9 healthy volunteers (group IIb). Abnormal results were observed in 37 patients in group I (82 percent), and in 4 patients in group IIa (44 percent). In group I, manometry was abnormal in 29 percent of patients and pH monitoring in 41 percent; provocative tests were positive in 10 percent, 15 percent, and 38 percent for the Bernstein test, edrophonium test, and balloon distention test respectively. Esophageal origin of the pain was shown to be likely in 36 percent of patients in group I. These results confirm the high incidence of functional abnormalities of esophagus in patients with angina-like chest pain. They also confirm the diagnostic value of the different provocative tests and especially the balloon distention test.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Effect of smear layer removal on bevelled and retrofilled teeth in vitro].

The "smear layer" is composed of debris that cover and insert into dentinal tubules. It is not really known if this form of debris may harbon viable bacterias or does form a barrier that enhances endodontic fillings by lining or plugging the tubules. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of the smear layer in leakage by using two groups of teeth in which the smear layer was removed of the root canals, in the first group and left into the roots in the second group. Some samples were beveled and all teeth were retrofilled after Root Canal Preparation, and then filled with India Ink. After examination of leakage under various conditions, it has been found a correlation between leakage and removal of smear layer.

Dental Cavity Preparation↗
PubMed1990

Clinical and clinicopathologic response of canine bone tumor patients to treatment with samarium-153-EDTMP.

Forty dogs with spontaneous skeletal neoplasia were treated with 153Sm-EDTMP (ethylenediaminetetramethylene phosphonic acid). Both primary and metastatic lesions were treated. Two treatment regimes, a single (37 MBq (1.0 mCi)/kg dose or two 37 MBq (1.0 mCi)/kg doses separated by 1 wk) were tested. Response to treatment was varied. Large lesions with minimal tumor bone formation responded poorly, while primary lesions with substantial ossification usually exhibited a transient response. Small lesions with minimal lysis, metastatic lesions, and axial skeleton lesions generally responded well. The major adverse side effects of treatment were platelet and white blood cell count depression below baseline values for up to 4 wk (p less than 0.05). Minor depression of packed cell volume and transient elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase were also noted (p less than 0.05). No significant differences (p greater than 0.05) between the two treatment groups, either in treatment effect or undesirable side effects, were detected.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Contribution of MRI to the diagnosis and post-therapeutic monitoring of brain stem tumours.

MRI has become indispensable to the positive diagnosis of brain stem tumours which develop preferentially in young people. The prognosis of these tumours, especially infiltrating gliomas, being relatively sombre, it is important to make a precise morphological diagnosis of the lesions (increase in size, signal abnormalities) which will help both neurosurgeons and radiotherapists. As regards post-therapeutic monitoring, MRI with gadolinium contrast injection is harmless and will make it possible to follow these patients regularly and to detect recurrences.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Social impact of cerebrovascular disorders in a large engineering plant 1982-1986].

The authors analyzed the incidence of cerebrovascular diseases (dg. 430-438) in an industrial population in 1982-1986. The morbidity from cerebrovascular diseases associated with temporary or permanent work incapacity had during the investigation period a slightly rising trend which was more marked in manual male workers above 50 years of age. Strokes are the cause for granting invalidity pensions in cca 4%. In general cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases account for cca 21% of invalidity pensions. In the register of cerebrovascular attacks the incidence of strokes was roughly double in men as compared with women; it was on average 30 patients per year per 36,000 employees, i.e. cca 0.8%. Cerebrovascular attacks are in cca 70% associated with hypertension and the basis of almost three quarters of strokes is cerebral ischaemia. The trend of cerebrovascular diseases is unfavourable and depends above all on the control of hypertension in the population.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Cutaneous ergotism in a herd of dairy calves.

Weather conditions in northern Illinois favored infection of pasture grasses with Claviceps purpurea. A herd of 52 Holstein heifers selectively grazed the seedheads of an orchard grassbromegrass pasture infected with C purpurea and were poisoned. Peptide alkaloids were found in the sclerotia. Clinical signs of intoxication included lameness, edema of the hind limbs, epilation, areas of skin necrosis, and diarrhea. Pathologic findings included myopachynsis of arterioles in the deep dermal areas, lungs, kidney, spleen, submucosa of small intestines and cerebral cortex, focal cracks on the hoofs, and multifocal areas of detachment of the hoof wall. Of the 52 heifers, 3 died on the farm, 1 was euthanatized, and 3 were sold. The remaining heifers conceived without difficulty, and subsequent calvings were uncomplicated.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1989

Delayed and atypical D-glyceraldehyde-induced insulin secretion from the perfused duodenum pancreas of chicken.

Insulin release by the isolated-perfused pancreas of 5-8 week-old chickens was studied in response to graded concentrations of D-glyceraldehyde (D-GA) (5-20 mM). D-GA was perfused for 30 min in the absence or in the presence of glucose concentrations (2.8 or 14 mM) which do not evoke insulin release alone. D-GA alone or in combination with glucose does not cause a biphasic insulin release. As compared to rodents the release is reduced and delayed (at least 16 min) and requires higher D-GA concentrations which reveals the insensitivity of the chicken pancreas to D-GA. In the absence of glucose, the release is higher at 15 mM D-GA. Glucose (2.8 or 14 mM) sensitized the pancreas to D-GA by eliciting earlier and higher insulin response but never restored an immediate and biphasic secretory response to D-GA. Glucose amplified the response to low D-GA levels (5 and 10 mM) and inhibited the response to higher concentrations (15 and 20 mM). A transient insulin rise ("off-response") related to the D-GA concentration was observed after withdrawal of D-GA either in the absence or in the presence of glucose. Therefore, in addition to glucose, the chicken pancreas is relatively insensitive to D-GA suggesting that the mechanism leading to insulin release in response to nutrient metabolism is different in chickens as compared to that in mammals.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Human brain and spinal cord scan after intracerebroventricular administration of iodine-123 morphine.

[123I]iodomorphine (IMPH) was administered intracerebroventriculary (i.c.v.) in eight patients treated by i.c.v. morphinotherapy (i.c.v.m.). Scans obtained by gamma-scintigraphy over 1 h post-injection showed only a slight diffusion of IMPH beyond the ventricular system, particular attention being paid to the spinal cord. These data agree well with induced i.c.v.m. analgesia (mean latency 20 min) and biological results such as HPLC assay of morphine in the lumbar cerebrospinal fluid, supporting the action of morphine only on the central opiate receptors.

Brain↗
PubMed1989

Combined treatment of large head and neck capillaro-venous malformation by a fibrosing agent.

We report our experience of seven cases suffering from capillaro-venous malformation localized in the head and neck area, treated preoperatively by a fibrosing agent--ETHIBLOC. Four of the cases are presented and analysed. We suggest the pre-operative injection of Ethibloc as the treatment of choice for capillaro-venous malformations in the head and neck region.

Adolescent↗