Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Siegelová

Publications and source records attributed to J Siegelová.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Interval and continuous training in cardiovascular rehabilitation].

The objective of the study was to evaluate the physiological effectiveness and the influence of two modifications of aerobic training (interval and continuous) on the physical performance in the patients with coronary heart disease. 38 males with coronary heart disease (age 60 +/- 10.2 years) passed three months training programme of 60 min 3 times a week (10 min of warm up phase, 25 min of aerobic phase, 15 min of resistance training, 10 min of relaxing phase). Patients with coronarographically verified stenosis > 50% luminal diameter and/or left ventricular ejection fraction lower than 40 % (n = 22) had in terms of aerobic phase interval training prescribed (30 second work phases with work load intensity on the level of anaerobic threshold alternating with 60 second recovery phases with intensity of 5 W); other patients (n = 16) passed aerobic phase of the programme with continual work load of intensity on the level of ventilatory anaerobic threshold. After the determination of three month rehabilitation programme the maximal achieved performance as well as aerobic capacity evaluated by spiroergometric examination statistically significantly increased in the group of patients with interval training and also in the group with continuous training. Despite the group with interval training performed 2.5-3 times less work in each training unit (p < 0.01), the performance and aerobic capacity parameters after the termination of three month programme did not statistically significantly differ from the group with continuous training. The advantage of the continuous training is a possibility to achieve an improvement also in the patients with left ventricular dysfunction and chronic coronary heart disease who could have worse tolerance of the continual work load.

Exercise Therapy↗
PubMed2006

[Medical device Task Force Monitor in diagnostics of syncope by means of head-up tilt table testing].

Head-up tilt table testing is used for diagnostics of vasovagal syncope. Beat-to-beat blood pressure recording and ECG monitoring is not sufficient for clarification of the syncope mechanisms in individual patients, however. That is why a Task Force Monitor was developed in Graz, Austria. In addition this device enables stroke volume recording by impedance method. Other advantages are calculations of cardiac output, beat-to-beat total peripheral resistance, heart rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity as well as activity ofsympathicus and parasympathicus assessment. These methods enable detailed hemodynamic analysis during the whole head-up tilt testing duration, the moment of syncope including.

Baroreflex↗
PubMed2003

Microvessels of bulbar conjunctiva in UPTAH goats.

Aiming to observe directly the microcirculation after total artificial heart (TAH) implantation, we performed a long-term follow-up in 2 goats using conjunctival angioscopy. A short segment of parallel arteriole and venule was photographed and analyzed on computer picture program (magnification 40x). Three main parameters were measured: arteriole diameter, venule diameter, and arteriovenous ratio (A/V ratio). The intrathoracically implanted TAH was the undulation pump total artificial heart (UPTAH) with cardiac output of 100 ml/kg/min. To stabilize the peripheral hemodynamics a 1/R biofeedback control system was used. Our results provided only elementary data about morphology of bulbar microvessels. The main finding was the tendency to general vasoconstriction, more intensive on the venous side (*P < 0.05 in one goat). We did not observe any pathological shapes (e.g., tortuosities, varicosities, or sludge); this result could be attributed to the high effectivity of 1/R control method. These preliminary results should be considered only as an attempt to apply the widely used clinical method of conjunctival angioscopy to the conditions of TAH.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

[The effect of walking exercise on aerobic capacity and serum lipids in type 2 diabetics].

Regular physical activity can have a favourable impact on other risk factors of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and associated diabetes (DM), such as obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, insulin resistance and others. This important part of treatment of diabetes is frequently difficult to implement because of the lack of willingness ("adherence") of type 2 diabetics to practice regular exercise, and unequivocal data are lacking on the intensity of exercise which will influence effectively these risk factors and be at the same time safe, readily available and psychologically acceptable. The objective of the work was to find out whether walking, i.e. locomotor activity with a low to medium intensity can effectively influence parameters of aerobic capacity and blood lipids. The authors submit the results of two groups of type 2 diabetics. The experimental group B (n = 10, age 57 +/- 7 years, BMI 31 +/- 3, duration of DM 8 +/- 5 years) participated in a 12-week training programme of walking; at the beginning and at the end of this period indicators of aerobic capacity at the level of the anaerobic threshold (VO2ANP) were evaluated as well as at the level of the symptom limited maximum (VO2SL, TepO2SL), and the blood lipid levels. In the control group A (n = 6, age 58 +/- 7 years, BMI 32 +/- 4) indicators of aerobic capacity and blood lipids were assessed after a 12-week period of the usual habitual physical activity. In group B the 12-week walking training led to significant improvement of parameters of aerobic capacity at the level of the anaerobic threshold (ANP), oxygen pulse at the level of the symptom limits maximum (SL) and a significant reduction of total and LDL cholesterol. In the control group no significant changes occurred in aerobic capacity nor blood lipid values. The training programme where walking was selected as physical activity with a low to medium intensity can be considered suitable for everyday life of motivated patients with type 2 diabetics, preferably in the form of a domestic training programme. The prerequisite of success is its regular and frequent evaluation by health professionals.

Anaerobic Threshold↗
PubMed2003

[Biorhythms].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Cardiovascular Diseases↗
PubMed2003

[Combined training in patients with systolic left ventricular dysfunction].

The objective of the work was to evaluate the effect of eight-week combined training on the performance, aerobic capacity and basic haemodynamic parameters in patients with systolic dysfunction of the left ventricle and to assess its safety. The investigation comprised 26 patients, men mean age (x +/- SD) 61.8 +/- 11.1 years with coronarographically verified chronic ischaemic heart disease and with a left ventricular ejection fraction lower than 40% (EF 35 +/- 4%). Before the beginning and after completion of the rehabilitation programme (eight weeks) a spiroergometric examination was made, up to the symptom-limited maximum. Fitness elements were included after 2 weeks of aerobic training. The lesson lasted 60 mins. and included warming up (10 mins.), aerobic load on an ergometer with an intensity of the load at the level of the anaerobic threshold (20 mins.), the stage of fitness training on a combined training machine (20 mins) and the relaxation stage (10 mins). In the fitness stage the patients started to exercise at the 30% level, after two weeks at the 60% level 1-RM (one repetition maximum) The results showed after eight-week combined training a significant (p < 0.05) increase of the maximum achieved performance (from 104 +/- 27 to 132 +/- 32 W) in patients with systolic left ventricular dysfunction. There was a significant increase in the capacity of the transport system expressed by the value of the maximum oxygen uptake (from 1545 +/- 312 to 1740 +/- 359 ml.min-1) and MET (from 5.3 +/- 1.3 to 6.0 +/- 1.4). There was a significant decrease of the blood pressure at rest, systolic and diastolic, and of the baseline value of the heart rate at rest and of the "product rate, pressure"--RPP. Changes in the EF were not significant.

Exercise Therapy↗
PubMed2003

[New techniques in recording cardiac electric potentials].

New technologies of recording and processing of electrical cardiac potentials made significant advances in the course of recent years, contributing to the production of instrumentation the application of which enables a high level of diagnostics, therapy and rehabilitation to be reached in internal medicine. Modern technology of recording potentials by means of vacuum electrodes with surface finish and simultaneous application of new adaptable filters enable a more accurate digital processing of electrical pulses and a higher quality of their recording, indication, transmission, interpretation and archiving. The given requirements are complied with especially by new polyfunctional instruments, made e.g. by the firm SCHILLER AG, and some specialized devices of other producers, serving, among others, for examination of heart rate and its variability. New technical devices, applied sensibly and economically, should be accessible in the near future also to peripheral cardiologic and internal centres.

Electrocardiography↗
PubMed2001

[Effect of physical training on the magnitude of left ventricular ischaemic dysfunction in patients with chronic ischaemic heart disease].

Twenty-two patients with chronic ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and reversible myocardial ischaemia after a load as recorded by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) participated in an eight-week rehabilitation programme. Before exercise their efficiency was tested by spiroergometric examinatin and the patients were randomized into two groups. Group A (10 patients) took exercise at the level of the anaerobic threshold (high intensity training), group B (12 patients) trained at the level of the 60 % anaerobic threshold (low intensity training). The exercise unit including the warming up and relaxation stage lasted 50 minutes and was repeated three times per week. Before and after the rehabilitation programme in all patients spiroergometry was performed as well as exercise pulsed tissue Doppler echocardiography to evaluate regional systolic and diastolic left ventricular function in the ischaemic area, localized beforehand by the SPECT. The following parameters were evaluated by echocardiograpphy: the peak velocity of motion in the ischaemic area in systole (Si), the peak velocity of motion in the ischaemic area in early diastole (Ei) ad in atrial contraction (Ai), and the ratio Ei/Ai was calculated. With the exception of the decline of the value at rest Ai from 8.4 +/- 1.3 cm/sec to 7.3 +/- 1.3 cm/s (p < 005) in the exercising group A none of the parameters of left ventricular regional function changed significantly after an eight-week rehabilitation programme. The maximal performance achieved in spiroergometry increased however after rehabilitation in group A (from 145 +/- 36 W to 162 +/- 39 W, p < 0.01) as well as in group B (from 112 +/- 36W to 122 +/- 36W, p < 0.05). I It may be concluded that a rehabilitation programme of high and low intensity improved the load tolerance during spiroergometry but did not lead to significant improvement of regional systolic and diastolc left ventricular function in the area of reversible ischaemia.

Echocardiography, Doppler↗
PubMed1997

Baroreflex sensitivity during psychological stress.

The aim of this study was to analyse the changes of baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) and their relation to changes of heart rate and blood pressure in medical students during moderate psychological stress brought about by oral examination. The changes of BRS during the stress were compared with the changes during light physical exercise. Thirty three students were examined 30 min before and 30 min after the exam. Thirty-nine students of control group were examined at rest and during light exercise. Blood pressure was noninvasively recorded by Penáz method at rate-controlled breathing (0.33 Hz). The BRS [ms/mm Hg] and BRSf [Hz/mm Hg] were calculated by spectral analysis of spontaneous fluctuations of blood pressure and inter-beat intervals (IBI). BRS before examination (7.12 ms/mm Hg) was significantly lower than after the oral exam (8.77 ms/mm Hg, p<0.05). The difference between BRS in the test group after the oral exam and the control group at rest (10.78 ms/mm Hg) was not significant. BRS during light exercise (7.44 ms/mm Hg) corresponded to the value during psychological stress. The values of BRSf did not change during psychological stress (before: 0.0182 Hz/mm Hg; after: 0.0182 Hz/mm Hg) and exercise (rest: 0.0158 Hz/mm Hg; exercise: 0.0144 Hz/mm Hg). Correlation between BRS or BRSf and blood pressure were not found. A significant negative correlation (r=-0.404, p<0.05) between BRSf and the increase of diastolic blood pressure during stress was observed. It is concluded that BRSf remained constant during psychological stress and exercise, and differed essentially from that in hypertensive subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[24-hour ambulatory monitoring of blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension: the effectiveness of enalapril therapy].

The aim of the present paper was to study 24-h blood pressure profile in twenty patients with essential hypertension (mild to moderate) before and after treatment with ACE inhibitor enalapril in one day dose in the morning (15.6 +/- 6.1 mg). 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was examined after 14 days of placebo administration and after one month of enalapril therapy. Enalapril treatment decreased systolic blood pressure of 11.3 mmHg during daytime and of 9.4 mmHg at night, diastolic blood pressure of 6.1 mmHg during daytime and 5.8 mmHg at night, all differences were significant in comparison to placebo (p < 0.01). The through-peak ratios were 63.2% for systolic blood pressure and 54.0% for diastolic blood pressure. We can conclude that enalapril treatment in one day morning dose is efficient to decrease blood pressure during 24-h span without altering the diurnal profile.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[24-hour monitoring of blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension].

The aim of the study was to determine the efficiency of enalapril therapy during 24-hours blood pressure monitoring. A group of healthy subjects (C, n = 11), a group of patients with essential hypertension without therapy (EH, n = 9) and a group of patients with essential hypertension II (WHO) treated with enalapril (Acepril Lachema) in once a day doses (13.0 +/- 2.1 mg per kg) during at least 10 months (EH A, n = 8). In all groups of patients and healthy subjects 24-hours blood pressure measurement was provided using Accutracker II equipment. The mean values of systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) from 24-hours measurement (+/- SD) were in the group of healthy subjects C 121.38 +/- 10.49/74.79 +/- 7.88 mmHg, in the group EH 146.58 +/- 12.20/88.0 +/- 8.97 mmHg, in the group EH A 127.38 +/- 8.36/74.71 +/- 6.08 mmHg. The differences between the maximum and minimum mean blood pressure values during 24 hours (SBP/DBP) were in the group C 33/27 mmHg, EH 37/29 mmHg, EH A 29/21 mmHg. The smaller difference in SBP and DBP in EH A patients was significant in comparison to C and EH (t-test, p < 0.05). Cosinor analysis proved the results. From our results we can conclude that the Acepril therapy decreases blood pressure more during the day-hours then during night and it is preferable in connection to the risk of night hypotension with hypoxia.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1992

[Free oxygen radicals in patients with hyperlipoproteinemia].

The authors investigated the effect of hyperlipoproteinaemia on the formation of free oxygen radicals to which a significant role in the genesis of atherosclerosis is ascribed. They cause among others peroxidation of blood lipids with formation of lipoperoxides with a higher atherogenity. Using the method of luminol-dependent chemiluminiscence, their spontaneous and activated production in phagocytic blood cells was examined in a group of patients investigated on a long-term basis on account of hyperlipoproteinaemia (n = 24). The results were compared with a group of healthy subjects (n = 20); concurrently also blood lipids were examined. The authors revealed a statistically significant reduction of the spontaneous production of free oxygen radicals in the group of patients with hyperlipoproteinaemia. On examination of the activated production the drop of oxygen radical formation was at the borderline of statistical significance.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Free oxygen radicals in patients with hypertension].

The objective of the investigation was to test the impact of hypertension on the formation of free oxygen radicals which participate in the development of atherosclerosis. Using the method of luminol-dependent chemiluminescence, the authors assessed the spontaneous and stimulated production of free oxygen radicals in phagocytic cells of complete blood in a group of healthy subjects, in not treated essential hypertension (EH), essential hypertension treated with metipranolol (Trimepranol Spofa) and EH treated with diltiazem (Blokalcin Lachema). A statistically significant increase of spontaneous and activated production of free oxygen radicals was found in the group of EH treated with diltiazem. Differences between the group of healthy subjects, untreated EH and hypertension treated with metipranolol were not statistically significant.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Vascular changes in essential hypertension after treatment with enalapril].

A group of patients with essential hypertension and healthy subjects from the same work place were investigated for a period of four weeks and were subjected, in addition to a basic clinical medical examination, to an ergometric examination ECHO cardiography, occlusion plethysmography, and concurrently serum levels of adrenaline (A), noradrenaline (NA), renin, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) beta receptors before and after four weeks treatment with enalapril were assessed. The results are consistent with available data from the literature where administration of inhibitors of the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) caused a reduction of the peripheral vascular resistance and increased blood flow assessed by means of occlusion plethysmography. Similar results were recorded after captopril administration for a one year period, as reported by Agabiti-Rose (1). Statistically significant differences were detected between hypertonics given placebo and those given enalapril for four weeks, as regards blood flow at rest and peripheral vascular resistance at rest. There was also a significant difference when hypertonic and normotonic subjects were compared. The results are presented in tables and figures.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Relation between echocardiographic indicators and beta 2-adrenergic receptors in essential hypertension during treatment with enalapril].

A group of 22 men with essential hypertension stage I and II according to WHO, mean age 29.1 +/- 1.4 years, was divided at random into two sub-groups. Eleven patients were treated for four weeks with enalapril (E), 10 mg/day, 11 patients were given placebo (P), also for a period of four weeks. The patients were subjected to echocardiographic examination before and after four-week therapy with enalapril or placebo. In patients treated with E a significant reduction of the left ventricular wall and the interventricular septum was observed. There was also a highly significant decline of the weight of the left ventricle and the index of left ventricular mass. Enalapril led to a decline of the specific binding capacity and affinity of beta 2-adrenergic lymphocyte receptors. In the group given P no differences were found during the examination repeated after four weeks. By means of multidimensional linear regression estimates a close relationship was revealed between the difference in the weight of the left ventricle, the difference of the index of left ventricular mass and the difference of specific binding capacity and affinity of beta 2-adrenergic lymphocyte receptors.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Power spectral density of breathing pattern in patients with pulmonary, heart and liver diseases.

Pulmonary functions, breathing pattern and rhythmic oscillations of inspiratory time, expiratory time and tidal volume were studied by calculating autocorrelation functions and power spectral densities in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and respiratory insufficiency, in patients with cardiac valvular disease and in patients with liver disease at rest. Despite of the pathological results of pulmonary function tests the rhythmic oscillations of inspiratory time, expiratory time and tidal volume were present in all patients and they were intraindividually and interindividually different in the same way as in healthy man.

Heart Diseases↗
PubMed1987

Power spectral density of breathing pattern in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease.

Newsom Davis and Stagg studying the interrelationship of the volume and time components of individual breaths in healthy resting man described a significant correlation between mean tidal volume (VT) and inspiratory time (TI) r = 0.704. The correlation between mean TI and expiratory time (TE) was lower, r = 0.381. Evaluation of these relationships and of the power spectral density of the breathing pattern was the aim of the present study. For breath by breath analysis we calculated power spectral density and cross correlations of VT, TI and TE. We found a significant correlation between VT and TI in 9 patients with global respiratory insufficiency (RI) (mean r = 0.52) and 7 patients with partial RI (mean r = 0.56). The correlation between TI, TE was lower, in 9 patients with global RI (mean r = 0.21) and 7 patients with partial RI (mean r = 0.35). The results of both groups did not differ from healthy subjects in power spectral density of the breathing pattern and in correlations of VT and TI as well as TI and TE.

Humans↗