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Biomedical subjects

J Shuster

Publications and source records attributed to J Shuster.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Chromosomal assignment of the HL-A common antigenic determinants in man-mouse somatic cell hybrids.

In the study presented here, man-mouse somatic cell hybrid clones were examined by means of radioimmunoassays for the presence of both beta2-microglobulin (beta2m) and the HL-A xenoantigenic determinant. In addition, the clones were examined for their karyotype and the expression of enzymes with known chromosomal assignments. The results obtained indicate that the gene coding for the HL-A xenoantigenic determinant is carred on chromosome 6. The data obtained provides a direct demonstration that the gene coding for beta2m segregates independently of that coding for the alloantigenic polypeptide chain of the HL-A molecule, and that the gene coding for beta2m is carried on chromosome 15.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Heterogeneity of the protein moiety of carcinoembryonic antigens.

N-terminal amino acid sequences were determined for the protein moiety of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) isolated from three colon cancers that had metastasized to the liver. The results showed that the polypeptide portion of CEA preparations isolated from different tumors are not identical. Furthermore, each CEA preparation appeared to be heterogeneous within itself, since multiple amino acid residues were recovered at most of the positions following stepwise cleavage of the protein moiety of CEA molecules by automatic Edman degradation.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1976

The isolation and characterization of tumor-specific antigens of rodent and human tumors.

Putative tumor-specific transplantation antigens (TSTA) from both a carcinogen-induced rodent tumor (MC-1) and 2 human tumors were purified. The antigens were solubilized from the tumor cell membranes by limited papain digestion in a manner similar to that described for the isolation of normal histocompatibility antigens. The antitumor immune response of the tumor-bearing host was used to monitor the purification of the putative TSTA in both the rodent and human tumor systems. In the case of the rodent tumor, a major step in the purification of the TSTA involved affinity chromatography on Sepharose beads coupled to autologous antitumor antiserum. A comparable procedure was utilized in the purification of the TSTA from human tumors by using affinity chromatography on anti-human beta2-microglobulin antiserum coupled to a solid phase. The data obtained indicate that the TSTA of human tumors contains a beta2-microglobulin chain that is immunochemically identical with, and very similar in size to, that found in normal human histocompatibility antigens. A subunit of similar size was also identified in the carcinogen-induced rodent tumor. These results suggest that the TSTA in both humans and rodents may well be altered histocompatibility antigens.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Constipated plasma cells associated with monomeric macroglobulinemia.

Low molecular weight macroglobulinemia was observed in a patient with chronic pulmonary infection. An enlarged cervical lymph node contained many abnormal plasma cells, which were distended with immunoglobulin; this material appeared to be released into lymph spaces when the cells burst. The macroglobulin production is considered to be a non-neoplastic reactive immune response to the pulmonary infection. It is postulated that the association of constipated plasma cells and 7s-IgM can best be explained as an acquired defect in macroglobulin polymerization.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1975

Studies of the linkage relationship of beta-2-microglobulin in man-mouse somatic cell hybrids.

Beta-2-microglobulin (beta2mu) production has been studied in 33 primary man-mouse hybrid clones and in 26 secondary man-mouse hybrid clones. These clones have also been examined for the presence of 15 human enzyme phenotypes. Karyotypic analyses have been carried out on clones. From these studies the following conclusions can be drawn: (1) Gene(s) determining human beta2mu production in humans are apparently syntenic with the MPI gene on chromosome 15. (2) Long-term fibroblast lines may be of limited use in mapping studies as chromosomal rearrangements frequently occur in these lines. (3) The gene(s) determining beta2mu production in humans segregate independently of chromosome 6. If the assignment of the genes determining HL-A alloantigens to chromosome 6 is correct, our results imply that beta2mu and HL-A alloantigens are determined by genes carried on different chromosomes, despite the fact that beta2mu forms an integral part of the HL-A molecule.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Dietary protection during radiation therapy.

Eighteen patients receiving Cobalt 60 irradiation for abdominal or pelvic malignancies were assigned at random to eat either a semi-hydrolyzed diet (Flexical: 10 g % casein hydrolsate; 14 g % triglycerides, 20% of which medium chain; 66% disaccharides) or a normal diet. There are no significant differences between these two groups with respect to age and the ratio of ideal to actual caloric intake. The patients in the control group received on the average a total of 3900 rd and those in the Flexical group 4040 rd. Generally, Flexical appeared to have a significant positive effect on body weight. In addition, radiation-induced diarrhea was not a problem in the Flexical group. In the latter group, serum proteins including immunoglobulins remained essentially unchanged during therapy while a moderate but significant fall was observed in all control patients. No significant difference between the two groups was observed with respect to peripheral blood hematocrit, red and white cell counts. However, the drop in blood lymphocytes following irradiation was significantly less in the Flexical group. The mechanisms of radioprotection are discussed. These preliminary data indicate that the nutritional and perhaps the immunological status of cancer patients receiving intensive irradiation can be maintained by dietary measures.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1974

Carcinoembryonic antigen and alpha 1-fetoprotein in ulcerative colitis and regional enteritis.

Sera were collected from 108 patients with inflammatory bowel disease and assayed for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and alpha(1)-fetoprotein (AFP). Seven (14%) of 51 patients with ulcerative colitis had a positive test for CEA and one of these had associated carcinoma of the colon. Ten (19%) of 52 patients with regional enteritis were also seropositive. The sera of 4 (9%) of 47 patients with ulcerative colitis and 2 (5%) of 41 patients with regional enteritis contained small amounts of AFP. Of two unclassified patients one had a positive CEA and the other a positive AFP. No serum was positive for both CEA and AFP. In addition, multiple samples were available for sequential analysis in eight CEA-positive patients but there was no apparent relationship between seropositivity and disease activity. Continued follow-up is now in progress to determine the significance of detectable fetal antigen levels in inflammatory bowel disease.

Adolescent↗