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Biomedical subjects

J Shoji

Publications and source records attributed to J Shoji.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Histological study of the effect of conjunctival transplantation on rabbit cornea with alkali burned].

PURPOSE: A histopathological study to investigate the efficacy of conjunctival auto-transplantation on alkaline chemical burns of the ocular surface. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An alkaline chemical burn model was developed in one eye of rabbits using 0.1 N NaOH solution. In one group conjunctival transplantation was performed. A control group did not receive conjunctival transplantation. A histological follow-up study was performed by light microscopy with hematoxylin eosin stain and periodic acid Schiff staining by fluoro-microscopy using epithelial Keratin-AE 5 antibody, and by transmission electron microscopy(TEM). RESULTS: The transplanted group showed scar formation between the transplanted conjunctival tissue and the sclera. At 20 days and 8 weeks after the transplantation, neovascularization and cell infiltration in the subepithelium of the limbus was decreased compared with the transplanted group at 10 days. The control group showed a decrease of cell infiltration in the limbal area compared with the group at 10 days, but conjunctival tissue with thick collagenous tissue and neovascularization instead of scar tissue developed on the injured cornea. AE 5 positive cells were not found in the limbus in either group. In the transplanted group, in TEM, the basement membrane of transplanted conjunctiva showed less irregularity, and degenerated fibroblasts were present at the margin of the scar tissue. In the control group, the basement membrane of the conjunctiva showed an irregular pattern and fibroblasts beneath the conjunctival epithelium had large nuclei. CONCLUSION: In the transplanted group, scar tissue developed and suppressed cell infiltration, neovascularization, and conjunctival tissue in the injured cornea and secured re-structuring of the limbal tissue.

Alkalies↗
PubMed2000

Immunosuppressive effect of cholera toxin B on allergic conjunctivitis model in the guinea Pig

Purpose: To investigate the immunosuppressive effects of mucosal immune therapy in experimental allergic conjunctivitis.Method: We used 11 white Hartrey guinea pigs divided into two groups. Six animals (treated group) received pretreatment with topical instillation of cholera toxin B (4 &mgr;g/30 ml) and ovalbumin (10 &mgr;g/30 ml). The other group of 5 animals served as control. All the animals received intra-abdominal injection of ovalbumin (100 g/mL) and aluminum hydroxide (5 mg/mL) repeated twice 2 weeks apart. Allergic conjunctivitis was induced by topical instillation of ovalbumin solution (5 mg/mL) 1 week after the above procedure. Result: Both groups developed palpebral and bulbar edema with hyperemia 30 minutes after instillation. The allergic reaction was significantly less in score in the treated than in the control group (Mann-Whitney U-test: P <.01). The clinical findings subsided after 6 hours. The treated group showed less eosinophilic infiltration in the conjunctiva and the limbus, particularly in the conjunctival epithelium, than in the control group at 6 and 24 hours.Conclusion: Pretreatment with topical cholera toxin B and antigen suppresses clinical and histological findings in experimentally induced allergic conjunctivitis.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

[Immunohistochemical study of interstitial keratitis in an animal model].

PURPOSE: We performed an immunohistochemical study on the development of interstitial keratitis in a rabbit model sensitized by ovalbumin (OA). METHODS: A mixture of OA (5 micrograms/ml) and Freund's complete adjuvant was initially injected subcutaneously (0.4 ml) into the rabbits' back and footpad (0.2 ml). After a week, the rabbits were sensitized by an injection of the same solution into the back (0.5 ml) again. After 4 weeks the rabbits underwent the same treatment as a booster shot. Then a week later OA solution (0.05 ml) was injected into the corneal stroma. We observed the cornea on days 1-3, 7, and 10 after the corneal treatment. Corneas on days 3 and 10 were examined by immunohistological methods using hematoxylin-eosin stain, methylgreen pyronin stain, and by immunohistochemical methods with anti-CD 4, anti-CD 8, and anti-OA antibodies. The localization of specific antibodies was identified by fluorescent-antigen method. Electron-microscopic observation was also done. RESULTS: Rabbits developed corneal opacity and edema on day 1, corneas had on immune ring with a peak intensity on day 3, and vascularization on day 7 after corneal treatment. Microscopic examination revealed infiltration of neutrophils in to the area of the immune ring on day 3 and many plasma cells at the limbus and stroma on day 10. CD 4 positive cells were found at the limbus and stroma on days 3 and 10. CD 8 positive cells were found at the limbus and stroma only on day 10. OA positive findings were observed at the immune ring and its inner area. In the fluorescent-antigen method, specific antibodies were found in plasma cells at the limbus on days 3 and 10. CONCLUSIONS: In our experimental model of interstitial keratitis with immune ring and vascularization, the Arthus reaction was dominant. Infiltration of antigen specific plasma cells in the stroma with vascularization caused a modification of pathologic reaction in keratitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Triterpenoid saponins of Acanthopanax nipponicus leaves.

Five new triterpenoid saponins, nipponosides A-E (1, 3-6), were isolated from Acanthopanax nipponicus leaves, along with a known saponin, kalopanaxsaponin G (2). Nipponosides A-E were characterized as the 28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->4)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->6)-beta -D-glucopyranosyl ester of 3-oxohederagenin, oleanolic acid 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, gypsogenin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, 3beta,23,29-trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid, and 3beta,20alpha, 23-trihydroxy-30-nor-olean-12-en-28-oic acid, respectively. The structures of these new compounds were based on chemical and spectral methods.

Carbohydrate Sequence↗
PubMed1999

[Immunosuppressive effect of cholera toxin B on allergic conjunctivitis model in the guinea pig].

PURPOSE: To investigate the immunosuppressive effects of mucosal immune therapy in experimental allergic conjunctivitis. METHOD: We used 11 white Hartrey guinea pigs divided into two groups. Six animals (treated group) received pretreatment with topical instillation of cholera toxin B (4 micrograms/30 ml) and ovalbumin (10 micrograms/30 ml). The other group of 5 animals served as control. All the animals received intraabdominal injection of ovalbumin (100 g/ml) and aluminium hydroxide (5 mg/ml) repeated twice 2 weeks apart. Allergic conjunctivitis was induced by topical instillation of ovalbumin solution (5 mg/ml) one week after the above procedure. RESULT: Both groups developed palpebral and bulbar edema with hyperemia 30 minutes after instillation. The allergic reaction was significantly less in score in the treated than in control group (Mann Whitney U-test: p < 0.01). The clinical findings subsiced after 6 hours. The treated group showed less eosinophilic infiltration in the conjunctiva and the limbus, particularly in the conjunctival and the limbus, particularly in the conjunctival epithelium, than in control group at 6 and 24 hours. CONCLUSION: Pretreatment with topical cholera toxin B and antigen suppresses clinical and histological findings in experimentally induced allergic conjunctivitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Early intervention for very-low-birth-weight infants.

To assess the efficacy of early intervention (EI) for very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants, we evaluated 62 2 year old children who were enrolled in an EI program and 48 control subjects aged 2 years. We determined the subjects' developmental quotients (DQ) and obtained information about the parents' evaluation of the children from a questionnaire sent to the parents. There was no significant difference in the DQ between the EI group and the control group. However, based on the responses to the questionnaire, subjects in the EI group showed slight, but statistically marginally significant, improvements in behavioral problems, especially a decrease in hyperkinesia, in adjusting to a circadian sleep cycle, and an improvement in language development, as compared with the control group (P < 0.1). Thus, EI for VLBW infants is considered useful to enhance some areas of development.

Child Behavior↗
PubMed1998

[Clinical features of 10 cases with phlyctenular keratitis].

We investigated 15 eyes of 10 patients with phlyctenular keratitis. The patients were 6 men and 4 women, and their ages ranged between 3 and 56 years (mean, 17.8 years). The follow-up periods ranged from 0.5 to 48 months (mean, 14 months). Clinically, complications in many cases were papillary hyperplasia in palpebral conjunctiva, meibomian gland infarct, chalazion, and blepharitis. Microbial examination from the lid margin before treatment revealed bacteria in 4 eyes of 4 patients out of 9 eyes of 8 patients. The level of serum specific IgE antibody was high in only 1 patient out of 6. We classified the clinical course into 3 stages, namely, infiltrative, nodule, and cicatricial stages. We also investigated the transition of the disease among the stages. All the cases of the infiltrative stage progressed to the nodule stage, and 92% of the nodule stage went on to the cicatricial stage. However 14% of the cicatricial stage cases reverted to the infiltrative stage and 7% to the nodule stage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[A case of corneal abscess with impetigo contagiosa].

Impetigo contagiosa often occurs on the face of children. Although the eyelid and conjunctiva are frequently affected, no corneal involvement has been reported in Japan. We encountered a case of impetigo contagiosa with corneal abscess. The patient, an 8-year-old boy, complained of pain and presented with corneal abscess and iritis in the right eye as well as eruptions in the inferior eyelid and around the anterior nostrils. He was diagnosed as having impetigo contagiosa with corneal abscess. Because the corneal abscess and eruptions occurred at the same time and coagulase-positive Staphylococcus with identical drug sensitivity was isolated from both lesions, we considered the corneal lesion as a part of the impetigo contagiosa. When impetigo contagiosa occurs around the eye, especially on the eyelids, a careful examination of the anterior segment of the eye is needed.

Abscess↗
PubMed1997

[Isolation and structure elucidation of cirensenosides Q and R].

Two new saponins (cirensenoside Q and R) were isolated from the leaves of Oplopanax elatus. Their structures were elucidated as follows: Q, gypsogenin 3-O-beta-glucopyranosyl-28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->4)-beta-D- glucopyranosyl(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside; R, 3 beta-hydroxylup-20(29)-ene-23-al-28-oic acid 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->4)-beta-D- glucopyranosyl(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, respectively.

Magnoliopsida↗
PubMed1997

[Histological examination of lymphoid follicles in conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue in guinea pigs--Report 1. Histological characteristics of follicular dendritic cells].

We histologically examined the existence of follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) in the follicular area of conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue (CALT). Animals used in the experiment were Hartley guinea pigs sensitized with a topical application to the eyes of an emulsion of a mixture of ovalbumin and Freund's complete adjuvant in equal amounts. The animals were divided into 4 groups: a group with no eye drops administered (Group A), a group examined 1 week after administration of eye-drops (Group B-1), a group examined 2 weeks after administration (Group B-2), and a group given booster administration of eye-drops (Group C). These animals were examined by methyl green pyronine staining, alpha-naphthylacetate esterase staining, and enzyme-antibody methods against S-100 protein or major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC class II) antigen. Also peroxidase-anti-peroxidase (PAP) was applied to the eyes and the uptake of PAP in CALT was observed histologically. In each group, positive reticular stains to alpha-naphthyl-acetate esterase staining and S-100 protein were found in the CALT follicular area. The positive cells were found to be dendrite cells by immunoelectron microscopy. An uptake of PAP was seen in the CALT follicular area, suggesting the function of trapping and holding the antigen-antibody complex by FDCs. It was concluded that dendritic cells present in the follicular area of CALT were FDCs.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Steroidal glycosides from the subterranean parts of Liriope spicata var. prolifera.

In a continuation of phytochemical studies on the underground organs of Liriope spicata var. prolifera, four new steroidal glycosides, lirioproliosides A-D, along with two known compounds, 25(S)-ruscogenin 1-O-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)[beta-D-xylopyranosyl (1-->3)]-beta-D-fucopyranoside and ophiopogonin A, were identified. The structures of lirioproliosides A-D were established by a combination of spectroscopic and chemical methods as 25(S)-ruscogenin 1-O-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)][beta-D-xylopyranosyl (1-->3)]-beta-D-fucopyranoside-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside, 25(S)-ruscogenin 1-O-[3-O-acetyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)]-beta-D-fucopyranoside, 25(S)-ruscogenin (1-O-[2-O-acetyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1-->2)]-beta-D-fucopyranoside and ruscogenin (1-O-[2-O-acetyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)]-beta-D-fucopyranoside, respectively. Among these steroidal glycosides, ophiopogonin A and lirioprolioside B, and lirioproliosides C and D, were isolated as epimeric pairs.

Glycosides↗
PubMed1996

[An immunohistological study on a failed case of keratoepithelioplasty form alkali burn on the ocular surface].

We performed immunohistochemical study on a failed case of keratoepithelioplasty (KEP). A 33-year-old man underwent KEP with lammellar keratoplasty (LKP) for an alkali burn suffered 5 years previously. After several rejections, the cornea developed opacity. We performed surgery a second time with the same method, and investigated the removed keratoconjunctival tissue including the lenticule using enzyme labelled antibodies UCHL-1, MB-1, CD4, CD8, CD54 (ICAM-1), CD68, and HLA-DR. Conjunctival tissue extended to the lamellar corneal graft over the lenticule. Either UCHL-1, CD4, or CD8 positive lymphocytes infiltrated the subconjunctival tissue dominantly, but they were blocked by the lenticule or Bowman's membrane of the graft cornea. In the stroma of the lamellar graft cornea, CD4 or CD8 positive, ICAM-1 or HLA-DR expression cells were detected. It was concluded that the lenticule and Bowman's membrane of the lamellar graft block infiltration of the immune cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Early intervention for very-low-birth-weight infant].

In order to establish an early intervention (EI) system for very-low-birth-weight infants, we designed a randomized trial at multiple institutions in Japan. We also reviewed the concept and history of early intervention in USA. Eight medical institutions in different locations were selected for participation. Sixty-two EI group patients and 48 controls without neurological abnormalities (age 2 years) were selected for study. The developmental quotient (DQ) by the revised Kyoto-K method and 15 questionnaire items were monitored twice, at the age of 2 and after one year of EI (3 years). Improvements in behavioral problems, circadian rhythm, and speech were significantly greater in the EI group than in the control group. (P < 0.01). Data on all patients are being collected, and further evaluation and analysis of DQ are planned. The most effective EI method in each specific location and the financial support of its official institutions are required for the success of the EI program for very-low-birth-weight infants.

Early Intervention, Educational↗
PubMed1996

[Isolation and structure elucidation of cirensenosides O and P from the leaves of Oplopanax elatus Nakai].

Two new triterpenoid saponins were isolated from the leaves of Oplopanax elatus Nakai. By measuring physical and chemical constants and spectral data, their structures were elucidated as 3-epi-oleanolic acid 28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1-->4)-beta-D- glucopyranosyl (1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside; 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl betulinic acid 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside and named as cirensenosides O and P, respectively.

Magnoliopsida↗
PubMed1995

[Histological study of allergic conjunctivitis--1. Study on the adhesion molecules to allergic conjunctivitis].

We performed an immunohistochemical study on the relationship between inflammatory cells and adhesion molecules to investigate inflammatory reaction in allergic conjunctivitis. Guinea pigs were sensitized with an intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin with hydroxyalminium. Ovalbumin was applied topically to the conjunctiva 3 weeks after the initial treatment. Then the cornea, conjunctiva and lacrymal gland were taken and processed for frozen sections. The specimens were stained with acid Giemsa for inflammatory cells and enzyme-labelled antibody for ICAM-1 and VCAM-1. Neutrophils were dominantly observed 6 hours after the challenge with the antigen, eosinophils at 12 hours, and eosinophils and lymphocytes at 24 hours, respectively. ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 were detected at 6 and 24 hours in the vascular tissue in the subconjunctival tissue and lacrymal gland. There results suggest that adhesion molecules play a role in the infiltration of inflammatory cells in allergic conjunctivitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Distribution of S-100 protein positive cells in conjunctiva].

We compared the distribution of S-100 protein positive cells in normal conjunctiva and in an induced allergic conjunctivitis model using Hartley strain guinea pigs. The animals were sensitized by intraperitoneal injection of ovoalbumin solution with hydroxy aluminum, followed by topical application of the ovoalbumin solution. The primary antibody was antibovine brain S-100 positive antibody, detected by the avidin biotin complex method. S-100 positive cells were present at the limbal corneal epithelium and on the skin of the palpebrae in both the normal group and the allergic conjunctivitis group, indicating the presence of Langerhans cells. In the allergic group, positive cells were also detected in palpebral conjunctiva and the germinal centers of conjunctival follicles. These cells were identified as follicular dendritic cells or interdigitating cells. In conclusion antigen presenting cells were present in the limbal conjunctiva, follicular and parafollicular area of conjunctival follicles, and palpebral skin in the allergic conjunctivitis models.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Oleanolic acid saponins from root bark of Aralia elata.

Three new oleanolic acid glycosides, tarasaponins I-III, were isolated as their methyl esters from the root bark of Aralia elata together with four known glycosides, the methyl esters of chikusetsusaponins IVa, IV, 28-desglucosyl-chikusetsusaponin IV and pseudoginsenoside RT1. Tarasaponins I-III were characterized as oleanolic acid 3-O-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->3)][alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl(1-->4)[- beta-D-glucuronopyranoside, oleanolic acid 3-O-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl(1-->2)][beta-D-galactopyranosyl(1-->3)]-beta- D-glucuronopyranoside and beta-D-glucopyranosyl oleanolate 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl(1-->3)-beta-D-glucuronopyranoside, respectively.

Carbohydrate Sequence↗