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Biomedical subjects

J Shinoda

Publications and source records attributed to J Shinoda.

87 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Primary intracranial germ-cell tumors. A retrospective analysis with special reference to long-term results of treatment and the behavior of rare types of tumors.

Thirty cases of primary intracranial germ-cell tumors were reviewed with reference to the effect of treatment. Histologically, there were 23 pure germinomas, while the remaining tumors had more unusual histology; 3 of these were teratomas, and 4 germ-cell tumors with the admixture of yolk sac tumor (YST) or embryonal carcinoma (EMC). Three of these rare cases are presented. The performed surgery and radiotherapy, seemed adequate for pure germinomas, and all these cases lived tumor-free after an observation time of 13 to 139 months although 4 patients developed intellectual retardation or cerebral dullness after radiotherapy. Four cases with YST and EMC elements, indicated by the elevation of AFP and HCG values in serum, were resistant to radio- and chemotherapy and developed, despite surgically total removal of the tumor, intra- or extracranial metastases. A review of the literature is included.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Placental alkaline phosphatase as a tumor marker for primary intracranial germinoma.

A sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used in a retrospective study of placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) levels in serum, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and intratumoral cyst fluid in primary intracranial germinoma. The ELISA showed no cross-reactivity with intestinal alkaline phosphatase except in very high concentrations, after samples had been heat-treated. Three patients with germinoma were studied for serum PLAP levels and in all the levels were elevated (3.78, 0.52, and 2.11 IU/liter). Two of the germinoma patients were studied for PLAP levels in the CSF, and both had elevated levels (0.83 and 9.83 IU/liter). The intratumoral cyst fluid in one case of germinoma was tested for PLAP and the level was found to be very high (603 IU/liter). These PLAP levels decreased concomitantly with the reduction in tumor size during irradiation. Serum PLAP levels were measured in 40 control adult male individuals and in the CSF of 20 nonpregnant patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. The upper normal limits were 0.20 and 0.11 IU/liter in the serum and the CSF, respectively. All PLAP levels measured in the serum of patients with various brain tumors were 0.18 IU/liter or less. This study strongly suggests that PLAP is a clinically useful tumor marker for primary intracranial germinoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Postnatal development and enlargement of primary middle cranial fossa arachnoid cyst recognized on repeat CT scans.

The etiology and mechanism of expansion of primary intracranial arachnoid cysts have been much debated. A rare case of an 8-month-old boy is reported, in which postnatal development and enlargement of a middle cranial fossa arachnoid cyst was detected on follow-up CT scans. Based on intraoperative and histological findings, the cyst was found to be intra-arachnoid. The wall was excised completely, and the lobe adjacent to the cyst appeared normal apart from signs of atrophy. Histological study of the excised cyst revealed a common arachnoid membrane with neither ependymal nor inflammatory cells; the cyst fluid was similar to CSF. The etiology of the lesion remains unclear, but it was considered that the expansion of the cyst might have occurred through a ball-valve mechanism of the membrane in communication with the general subarachnoid space.

Arachnoid↗
PubMed1986

[Pineocytoma--a case report].

A report on a rare case of pineocytoma is presented. A 27-year-old woman visited our clinic because of a 3-month history of intermittent headaches and nausea. A CT scan revealed the presence of a marked obstructive hydrocephalus and mass without any contrast enhancement in the pineal region. Immediately, V-P shunting was performed and resulted in relief of all symptoms. Ventriculography showed a complete occlusion at the aqueductus Sylvii and filling defect at the posterior part of the 3rd ventricle. The patient was operated on in the prone position via infratentorial supracerebellar approach by suboccipital craniectomy on November 9, 1982. A grayish red-colored, well-defined solid tumor located at the pineal region was removed partially. The histopathological appearance of this tumor resembled the pattern of the normal pineal gland. Many cells exhibited a polar form, eosinophilic cytoplasm with the process often being directed toward a blood vessel. The cells around the central areas occupied by pale eosinophilic material were arranged like a "rosette". Combined chemo-radiotherapy was carried out after surgery. That is, a total dose of 4,825 rads to the whole brain was irradiated, and ACNU 140 mg and VCR 6 mg in total were administered intravenously and intermittently. After irradiation therapy, the tumor increased in size producing a ring-like enhancement effect as shown on repeated CT scans. During this time, she started to complain of blurred vision with Parinaud's sign. A second operation via interhemispheric approach by right parietal craniotomy was undergone, and the tumor was partially resected again on March 29, 1983.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Immunohistochemical study of placental alkaline phosphatase in primary intracranial germ-cell tumors.

Indirect immunoperoxidase staining by the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) technique was carried out on 23 human primary intracranial germ-cell tumors (17 germinomas, one embryonal carcinoma, one yolk-sac tumor, three teratomas, and one teratoma with embryonal carcinoma) and on six human primary pineal non-germ-cell tumors (one pineocytoma, two pineoblastomas, two astrocytomas, and one glioblastoma multiforme). The technique used specific rabbit antisera against placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). Thirteen of 17 intracranial germinomas (76.5%) showed positive staining for PLAP mainly on the tumor cell membrane. In six primary intracranial non-seminomatous germ-cell tumors, there was weak positive staining indicating the presence of PLAP in only a few cells of one embryonal carcinoma, and in some glandular epithelial cells of one teratoma; this staining was limited to the cytoplasm. None of the other six primary pineal non-germ-cell tumors showed any positive PLAP reaction. From these results, PLAP was shown to be very useful in histopathology as a diagnostic tumor marker of intracranial germinoma. Positive AFP staining was seen in several yolk-sac tumor cells and a few embryonal carcinoma cells. However, no intracranial germinomas and non-germ-cell tumors of the pineal region showed positive reaction. As for HCG, only one suprasellar germinoma and one pineal embryonal carcinoma among 29 specimens contained a few positive-staining tumor cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Experimental studies on the effect of perfluorochemicals in tumor irradiation].

The effects of radiation therapy with Fluosol-DA on rat mammary tumors were studied. The tissue oxygen tension values of tumors in breathing mixed gas (5% carbon dioxide and 95% oxygen) with Fluosol-DA (25 ml/kg, i.v.) were significantly higher than those in room air without Fluosol-DA. The rats were divided into three groups: Group I received Fluosol-DA but no irradiation, Group II was treated with 1000 rads of irradiation using 60Co without Fluosol-DA in room air and Group III received the same irradiation and Fluosol-DA in breathing mixed gas. In the latter group we observed a prolongation of the survival time and suppression of the tumor growth.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Cervical spondylolysis--a case report and review of the literature].

Spondylolysis of the sixth cervical vertebra was reported in a thirty-seven-year-old man. He complained of sleeplessness and had no history of trauma. Plain cervical spine films and CT scan showed separation of the bilateral pars interarticularis and hypoplasia of the superior and inferior articular processes of C6. And they showed compensated hyperplasia and upward deviation of the right superior articular process of C7, but there was no instability of cervical vertebra. Spina bifida occulta at C6 and deviation of the spinous process of C7 to the left side were observed clearly on CT scan. We gave him no surgical treatment because of his normal neurological state and absence of instability. Cervical spondylolysis is very rare disease, so only 48 cases have been reported in literature. Our case is the first case that reports findings of CT scan. Radiographic findings and the absence of history of trauma suggest a congenital etiology of this illness. In the 49 patients including our case, 35 patients were males and 14 were females. 35 patients complained of neck and/or occipital pain, 12 of pain and/or sensory disturbance of upper extremities, and 8 of shoulder pain and/or stiffness. The prevalent site of involvement appears to be C6 with only 14 cases involving another level, C2, C3, C4 or C5. 36 patients had spina bifida occulta and it was most frequently detected at the level of C6.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Vasopressin activates phospholipase D through pertussis toxin-insensitive GTP-binding protein in aortic smooth muscle cells: function of Ca2+/calmodulin.

In the present study, we examined the effect of vasopressin (AVP) on phosphatidylcholine-hydrolyzing phospholipase D activity in primary cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells. AVP stimulation of choline formation was dose dependent. The time-course was quite different from those of inositol phosphates. The effect of AVP on the formation of inositol phosphates (EC50 was 3 nM) was more potent than that on the formation of choline (EC50 was 30 nM). 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), an activator of protein kinase C (PKC), stimulated the formation of choline. However, 4 alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate, which is inactive for PKC, had little effect. Staurosporine, an inhibitor of protein kinases, which inhibited the TPA-induced formation of choline, had little effect on the AVP-induced formation of choline. Neither calphostin C, a highly specific PKC inhibitor, nor PKC down-regulation with TPA affected AVP-induced formation of choline. A combination of AVP and TPA additively stimulated the formation of choline. The depletion of extracellular Ca2+ by (ethylenebis(oxyethylenenitrilo)tetraacetic acid significantly reduced the AVP-induced formation of choline. W-7, an antagonist of calmodulin, inhibited the AVP-induced formation of choline in a dose-dependent manner. NaF, an activator for GTP-binding protein (G-protein), stimulated the formation of choline. However, the formation of choline by a combination of AVP and NaF was not additive. Pertussis toxin had little effect on the AVP-induced formation of choline.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗